HomeMy WebLinkAboutRecommended Hāmākua CDP2017
H5m5kua Community
Development Plan
V"
. AS RECOMMENDED BYTHE
HAMAKUA CDP STEERING
COMMITTEE FOR ADOPTION
BY THE COUNTY OF HAWAII
. 2/27/2017
TABLEOF CONTENTS..................................................................................................................................................... 3
TABLEOF FIGURES.................................................................................................................................................... 8
SECTION1: INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................................. 9
1.1 INTRODUCTION TO THECDP................................................................................................................................... 9
1.1.1 WHAT IS A CDP AND WHAT CAN IT DO?...............................................................................................................................9
1. 1.2 WHAT AREA DOES THE HAMAKUA CDP COVER?................................................................................................................... 10
1. 1.3 WHAT DOES THE HAMAKUA CDP DO?............................................................................................................................... 10
1. 1.4 HOW WAS THE CDP DEVELOPED?..................................................................................................................................... 11
1. 1.5 HOW DO I NAVIGATE THE HAMAKUA CDP?.........................................................................................................................12
1. 1.6 CDP SUPPORT DOCUMENTS............................................................................................................................................ 13
1.2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.........................................................................................................................................14
1.3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ACRONYMS USED...........................................................................................................15
1.3.1 GLOSSARY OF TERMS..................................................................................................................................................... 15
1.3.2 GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS............................................................................................................................................... 17
1.5 INTRODUCTION TO THE HAMAKUA PLANNING AREA
P
1.5.1 THE LAND SUSTAINS THE PEOPLE OF THE KUHI LOA...............................................................................................................20
1.6 HAMAKUA TODAY: COMMUNITY ASSETS AND CHALLENGES
21
1.6.1 ASSETS....................................................................................................................................................................... 21
1.6.2 CHALLENGES................................................................................................................................................................22
1.7 HAMAKUATOMORROW: COMMUNITY VISION.........................................................................................................23
1.7.1 ISSUES AND PRIORITIES...................................................................................................................................................
23
1.7.2 VALUES AND VISION STATEMENT......................................................................................................................................
24
1.8 FROM VISION TO ACTION....................................................................................................................................
25
1.8.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVES................................................................................................................................................
25
1.8.2 IDENTIFYING CDP STRATEGIES.........................................................................................................................................
26
1.8.3 TYPES OF CDP STRATEGIES.............................................................................................................................................
26
1.8.4 STRATEGIES TO ACTION.................................................................................................................................................. 27
SECTION 2: APPLICABILITY........................................................................................................................................... 29
2.1 PURPOSE..........................................................................................................................................................29
2.2. RELATIONSHIP TO THE GENERAL PLAN................................................................................................................. 29
2.3 PLANNING AREA................................................................................................................................................ 29
2.4 TYPES OF STRATEGIES......................................................................................................................................... 29
2.5 CDP IMPLEMENTATION ROLESAND GUIDES........................................................................................................... 30
SECTION 3: PREFERRED LAND USE & SETTLEMENT PATTERNS............................................................................................33
3.1 LAND USE & SETTLEMENT PATTERNS.................................................................................................................... 33
3. 1.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE.................................................................................................................................................33
3.1.2 GENERAL PLAN SETTLEMENT FRAMEWORK..........................................................................................................................33
3.1.3 EXISTING POLICY...........................................................................................................................................................34
3
3.1.4 LAND USE POLICY......................................................................................................................................................... 35
3.1.5 COUNTY ACTION........................................................................................................................................................... 37
3.1.6 COMMUNITY ACTION.....................................................................................................................................................38
3.1.7 LU PAG MAPS, FIGURES 2-13 .........................................................................................................................................39
SECTION 4: PROTECT AND ENHANCE NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES
51
4.1 EXPAND THE LOCAL SYSTEM OF PRESERVES............................................................................................................ 51
4.1.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE.................................................................................................................................................51
4.1.2 COUNTY ACTION........................................................................................................................................................... 51
4.1.3 KoKUA ACTION............................................................................................................................................................ 52
4.1.4 COMMUNITY ACTION................................................................A**********
.............................................................. 52
4.2 PROTECT COASTAL RESOURCES............................................................................................... 52
4.2.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE............................................................................................................................52
4.2.2 EXISTING POLICY...................................................................................................................................52
4.2.3 LAND USE POLICY............................................................. ........................................................ 53
4.2.4 COUNTY ACTION.................................................................. ............................................................................... 54
4.2.5 KoKUA ACTION.................................................................................................................................................. 55
4.2.6 COMMUNITY ACTION............................................................................................................................................. 55
4.3 PROTECT AGRICULTURAL LANDS & OPEN SPACE
4.3.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE ..........................
4.3.2 EXISTING POLICY
4.3.3 LAND USE POLICY ........................................
4.3.4 COUNTY ACTION ..............................................
4.3.5 KoKUA ACTION ................ .................
4.3.6 COMMUNITY ACTION...
.......................... S S
....................................................................v ................................. 56
......................................................................... 56
...................................................................................... 56
............................................................................................ 57
........................................ 57
..................................................................................................... 58
4.4 PROTECT MAUKA FORESTS ........
..............:
................................................................................
58
4.4.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE.............................................
........................................................................................58
4.4.2 EXISTING POLICY...........................................................................................................................................................58
4.4.3 LAND USE POLICY.........................................................................................................................................................
58
4.4.4 COUNTY ACTION....................................
....................................................................................
59
4.4.5 KoKUA ACTION ........................
.........................................................................................................
59
4.4.6 COMMUNITY ACTION .....................................
59
4.5 PRESERVE SCENIC AREAS AND VIEWSH EDS ........... W .............................................................................................. 59
4.5.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE................................................................................................................................................ 59
4.5.2 EXISTING POLICY .....................................................................................................................................................59
4.5.3 LAND USE POLICY ............ ................................................................................................................................. 60
4.5.4 COUNTY ACTION.......................................................................................................................................... 60
4.5.5 KoKUA ACTION............................................................................................................................................................ 61
4.5.6 COMMUNITY ACTION..................................................................................................................................................... 62
4.6 PROTECT AND ENHANCE ECOSYSTEMS AND WATERSHEDS....................................................................................... 62
4.6.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE.................................................................................................................................................62
4.6.2 EXISTING POLICY........................................................................................................................................................... 62
4.6.3 COUNTY ACTION........................................................................................................................................................... 63
4.6.5 KOKUAACTION............................................................................................................................................................ 64
4.6.6 COMMUNITY ACTION..................................................................................................................................................... 64
4.7 PROTECT AND ENHANCE CULTURAL ASSETS...........................................................................................................65
4
4.7.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE.................................................................................................................................................65
4.7.2 EXISTING POLICY...........................................................................................................................................................
65
4.7.3 LAND USE POLICY.........................................................................................................................................................
65
4.7.4 COUNTY ACTION...........................................................................................................................................................
66
4.7.5 K0KUA ACTION............................................................................................................................................................
66
4.7.6 COMMUNITY ACTION.....................................................................................................................................................
66
4.8 ESTABLISH AND MANAGE PUBLICACCESSAND TRAILS
4.8.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE.................................................................................................................................................66
4.8.2 EXISTING POLICY........................................................................................................................................................... 67
4.8.4 COUNTY ACTION.................................................................................................................................................... 67
4.8.5 KoKUA ACTION.................................................................................
4.8.6 COMMUNITY ACTION.....................................................................
4.9 PRESERVING SACRED PLACES: WAIPI'O VALLEY AND MAUNA KEA ....
............................................................... 68
................................................................. 69
.•
4.9.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE............................................<-l-1
...........................................................................69
4.9.2 WAIPI'O VALLEY AS A WAHI PANA..........................................................................................................70
4.9.3 WAIPI'O VALLEY: COUNTY ACTION ..........................................................................................................70
4.9.4 WAIPI'O VALLEY: KOKUA ACTION......................................................................................................... 71
4.9.5 WAIPI'O VALLEY: COMMUNITY ACTION ......................................... ...................... ...................................72
4.9.6 MAUNA KEA AS A WAHI PANA....................................................................................................................................72
4.9.7 MAUNA KEA: COUNTY ACTION........................................................................................................................................72
4.9.8 MAUNA KEA: KOKUA ACTION.......................................................................................................................................72
4.9.9 MAUNA KEA: COMMUNITY ACTION.......................................................................................................................74
..
SECTION 5: STRENGTHEN INFRASTRUCTURE, FACILITIES, AND SERVICES..............................................................75
5.1 COORDINATE INFRASTRUCTURE, FACILITY, AND SERVICE IMPROVEMENTS............................................................ 75
5.1.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE......................................N
.................................................................................75
5.1.2 EXISTING POLICY..................................................................................................................................75
5.1.3 COUNTY ACTION.. .................................................................................................................................... 75
5.1.4 COMMUNITY ACTION..............................................................................................................................76
5.2 EXPAND AFFORDABLE HOUSING OPTIONS. ........................................................................................ 76
5.2.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE.......................................................................................................................76
5.2.2 EXISTING POLICY...............................................................................................................................76
5.2.3 COUNTY ACTION .................................................................................................................................................... 76
5.2.4 KoKUA ACTION ........ :: ..........................
....................................................................................................................... 77
5.2.5 COMMUNITY ACTION.......::............................................................................................................................................77
5.3 1 M PROVE THE ROADWAY NETWORK......................................................................................................................77
5.3.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE.................................................................................................................................................77
5.3.2 EXISTING POLICY...........................................................................................................................................................77
5.3.3 LAND USE POLICY.........................................................................................................................................................
77
5.3.4 COUNTY ACTION...........................................................................................................................................................
77
5.3.5 KoKUA ACTION............................................................................................................................................................
78
5.3.6 COMMUNITY ACTION.....................................................................................................................................................78
5.4 FORMALIZE ALTERNATIVE ROUTES.......................................................................................................................
79
5.4.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE.................................................................................................................................................79
5.4.2 COUNTY ACTION...........................................................................................................................................................
79
5.5 DEVELOP PLACE -APPROPRIATE ROAD STANDARDS................................................................................................. 79
5.5.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE.................................................................................................................................................79
5.5.2 COUNTY ACTION........................................................................................................................................................... 79
5.6 EXPAND MASS TRANSIT FACILITIES & SERVICES..................................................................................................... 79
5.6.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE.................................................................................................................................................80
5.6.2 COUNTY ACTION........................................................................................................................................................... 80
5.6.3 COMMUNITY ACTION.....................................................................................................................................................80
5.7 IMPROVE WATER AND WASTEWATER INFRASTRUCTURE..........................................................................................80
5.7.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE.................................................................................................................................................80
5.7.2 COUNTY ACTION........................................................................................................................................................... 80
5.8 IMPROVE RECYCLING AND SOLID WASTE FACILITIES......................................................................................81
5.8.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE................................................................................................................................81
5.8.3 COUNTY ACTION..................................................................................................................................... 81
5.8.4 KoKUA ACTION.................................................................................................................................. 82
5.8.5 COMMUNITY ACTION......................................................... ...........................................................................82
5.9 IMPROVE EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & HAZARD MITIG ........................................................................ 83
5.9.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE.................................................................................................................................83
5.9.2 COUNTY ACTION............................................................ ................ ............................................................ 83
5.9.3 KoKUA ACTION.................................................................. .......................................................... 83
5.9.4 COMMUNITY ACTION .............................. ........... .................................................................84
5.10 IMPROVING PROTECTIVE SERVICES ............. ............................................................................. 84
5.10.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE ................................................................................................84
5.10.2 COUNTY ACTION ............................................ ................................................................. 84
5.10.3 COMMUNITY ACTION ........... 401h............................... ...................................................................85
5.11 EXPAND HEALTHCARE WSOCIAL SERVICES ........................................................................ 85
5. 11.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE.. ............... ..........................................................................................................85
5.11.2 COUNTY ACTION ................. .......... ............................................................................................................ 85
5.11.3 KOKUAACTION ........................ .................................................................................................85
5.12 STRENGTHEN & EXPAND EDUCATION FACILITIESA CE............................................................................ 85
5.12.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE ..................... .........................................................................................................85
5.12.2 COUNTY ACTION............................................................................................................................... 85
5.12.3 KOKUA ACTION ............................................................................................................................... 86
5.12.4 COMMUNITY ACTION................................................................................................................................... 86
5.13 EXPAND PARKS & RECREATION FACIL...........................................................................................................86
5.13.1 COMMUNITY 0BJECTIV......................................................................................................................86
5.13.2 COUNTY ACTION................................................................................................................................... 86
5.13.3 KOKUA ACTION ......................................................................................................................................... 88
5.13.4 COMMUNITY ACTION...................................................................................................................................................88
5.14 ENHANCE TELECOMMUNICATIONS & ENERGY INFRASTRUCTURE.............................................................................. 88
5.14.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE...............................................................................................................................................88
5.14.2 EXISTING POLICY.........................................................................................................................................................88
5.14.3 LAND USE POLICY....................................................................................................................................................... 88
5.14.4 COUNTY ACTION......................................................................................................................................................... 88
5.14.5 KOKUA ACTION.......................................................................................................................................................... 89
5.14.6 COMMUNITY ACTION...................................................................................................................................................89
SECTION 6: BUILD A SUSTAINABLE, LOCAL ECONOMY.......................................................................................................91
11
6.1 COORDINATE REGIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT.................................................................................................91
6.1.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE.................................................................................................................................................91
6.1.2 EXISTING POLICY...........................................................................................................................................................92
6.1.3 COUNTY ACTION........................................................................................................................................................... 92
6.1.4 KoKUA ACTION............................................................................................................................................................ 92
6.1.5 COMMUNITY ACTION.....................................................................................................................................................92
6.2 STRENGTHENING LOCAL AGRICULTURE................................................................................................................. 92
6.2.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE.................................................................................................................................................92
6.2.2 EXISTING POLICY...........................................................................................................................................................93
6.2.3 COUNTY ACTION........................................................................................................................................................... 93
6.2.4 KoKUA ACTION............................................................................................................................................................ 94
6.2.5 COMMUNITY ACTION.....................................................................................................................................................95
6.3 EXPAND HEALTH AND WELLNESS INDUSTRY.......................................................................................................... 95
6.3.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVES.................................................... 96
6.3.2 COUNTY ACTION.................................................................. ............................................................................... 96
6.3.3 COMMUNITY ACTION............................................................................................................................................. 96
6.4 PROMOTE THE CREATIVE, EDUCATION, & RESEARCH SECTOR .. ............... ....................................................... 96
6.4.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE.........................................................................................................................................96
6.4.2 EXISTING POLICY............................................................................................................................................96
6.4.3 COUNTY ACTION ....................................... .......................................................................................... 96
6.4.4 KOKUA ACTION ............................................ ........................................................................ 96
6.4.5 COMMUNITY ACTION............................................................................................................................................. 96
6.5 DEVELOP A PLACE -BASED VI STRY................................................................................................. 96
6.5.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE... ................................................................................................................................ 96
6.5.2 EXISTING POLICY......................................................... �....................................................................................... 97
6.5.3 COUNTY ACTION.................................................................................................................................................... 97
6.5.4 KoKUA ACTION ....................................................................................................................................................... 98
6.5.5 COMM UNITY ACTION..................................................................................................................................................... 98
6.6 REVITALIZE HAMAKUA'S TOWN CENTERS.."*.*.*.*.*.*
........................................................................................ 98
6.6.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE.......... ...............................................................................................................98
6.6.2 EXISTING POLICY ......................... .............................................................................................................98
6.6.3 COUNTY ACTION .......................................................................................................................................... 99
6.6.4 COMMUNITY ACTION..°................................................................................................................................................. 99
6.7 ENCOURAGE GREEN INDUSTRIES.......................................................................................................................
6.7.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE....................................................................................................................................... 99
6.7.2 EXISTING POLICY................................................................................................................................................ 100
6.7.3 COUNTY ACTION......................................................................................................................................................... 100
6.7.4 KOKUA ACTION..........................................................................................................................................................100
6.7.5 COMMUNITY ACTION................................................................................................................................................... 100
6.8 PRESERVE INFORMAL ECONOMIES AND LIVING OFF THE LAND.................................................................................
6.8.1 COMMUNITY OBJECTIVE...............................................................................................................................................
100
6.8.2 EXISTING POLICY.........................................................................................................................................................
101
6.8.3 COUNTY ACTION.........................................................................................................................................................
101
6.8.4 COMMUNITY ACTION...................................................................................................................................................
102
7
10_jt TABLE OF FIGURES
Table of Figures
Figure 1: Map of Hamakua Planning Area ........................
Figure 2: Wainaku/Kaiwiki Land Use Guide Map ..............
Figure 3: Pauka'a 2015 Proposed LUPAG Map .................
Figure 4: Papa'ikou Land Use Guide Map ........................
Figure 5: Pepe'ekeo Land Use Guide Map .......................
Figure 6: Honomu Land Use Guide Map ..........................
Figure 7: Hakalau/Wailea Land Use Guide Map ...............
Figure 8: Ninole Land Use Guide Map ..............................
Figure 9: Lau pahoehoe/Papa'aloa Land Use Guide Map..
Figure 10: 'O'okala Land Use Guide Map .......................
Figure 11: Pa'auilo Proposed LUPAG Map............A,****,
Figure 12: Honoka'a/Haina Proposed LUPAG Map........
Figure 13: Kukuihaele Land Use Guide Map. ...............
......................................
.... 40
.... 41
.... 42
.... 43
.... 44
.... 45
.................................................... 46
.................................................... 47
.................................................... 48
.... 49
.... 50
n.
'0 ka mea kupono'aina ka mea kupono kanaka.
What is good for the land is good for the people.
m Introduction to the CDP
i.1.1 What is a CDP and what can it do?
A Community Development Plan (CDP) is an official plan authorized by the County of Hawaii General Plan
that translates the broad goals and objectives of the General Plan to the unique needs and conditions of a
region. The Hamakua CDP is adopted by County ordinance and is a long-range plan with a 20 -year time
horizon.
CDPs are the forum for community input into establishing County policy at the regional level and
coordinating the delivery of County services to the community. CDPs generally do four things:
1. Establish County policy, particularly for land use and development. CDPs can direct settlement
where the community wants and protect cultural resources, public access, and valuable lands like
shorelines, agricultural land, and forests.
2. Direct County actions related to land and open space protection, water, roads, transit, emergency
services, and parks.
3. Guide the policy and actions of State and federal agencies, whose work impacts resource
protections, public access and trails, settlement patterns, and education.
4. Focus and guide community action in pursuit of community goals.
For more information about the purpose and scope of the Hamakua CDP, see Section 2: Applicability,
below.
A
1.1.2 What area does the Hamakua CDP cover?
Located in the northeastern portion of the Island and County of Hawai'i, the Hamakua CDP Planning Area
encompasses the judicial districts of Hamakua and North Hilo, and a portion of the South Hilo district commonly
referred to as Rural South Hilo. The Planning Area totals approximately 1,011 square miles, and includes the
communities of Waipi'o Valley, Kukuihaele, Honoka'a, Ahualoa, Kalopa, Pa'auilo, 'O'okala, Laupahoehoe, Papa'aloa,
Ninole, Umauma, Wailea, Hakalau, Honomu, Pepe'ekeo, Papa'ikou, Pauka'a, Wainaku, Kaiwiki and other small
communities in between. See Figure 1: Map of Hamakua Planning Area.
1.1.3 What does the Hamakua CDP do?
The Hamakua Community Development Plan prioritizes natural and cultural resources in these ways:
■ Protects coastal areas, agricultural land, and mauka forests from development
■ Protects open space, areas with natural beauty, and scenic view planes
■ Guides the development of programs to strengthen rotections for coastal and agricultural lands as well as
open space and view planes
■ Preserves historic resources X
■ Guides the restoration of historic sites and buildings, the retention of village and town character, and the
documentation of oral, written, and video histories
■ Guides the expansion of lands held in public trus
■ Ensures appropriate public access to the shoreline and mauka forests
■ Guides the development of a regional network of trai
■ Guides collaborative stewardship and enhancement of coastal and forest ecosystems, cultural resources,
agricultural lands, public access, and trails
The plan addresses land use and community infrastructure goals in the following ways:
■ Concentrates future development in the existing towns, villages, and subdivisions
■ Supports the preservation of village and town character and guides the enhancement of communities'
unique sense of place
■ Advances redevelopment and growth management with infrastructure improvements, a County -wide
affordable housing plan, and planning support for town revitalization planning
■ Prioritizes the improvement of existing potable water systems to support infill growth
■ Prioritizes formalizing and improving emergency alternative routes
■ Prioritizes safety improvements of our County bridges, particularly in the Pa'auilo Mauka-Kalopa area
■ Guides road and park improvements
■ Prioritizes bus system improvements, including a Honoka'a town route, and additional bus shelters
■ Prioritizes hardening of community facilities
■ Prioritizes improvements to the Honoka'a transfer station
10
The plan addresses strengthening local economic development in the following ways:
■ Preserves opportunities to live off the land
■ Guides the implementation of regional economic development strategies
■ Guides the development of a regional education, enterprise development, and research network
■ Guides regional strategies to increase "buying local"
■ Guides efforts to strengthen the local agriculture value chain
■ Allows for the diversification of agriculture -based businesses and rural uses on agricultural lands
■ Guides the development of local, renewable, distributed energy networks
■ Guides the development of a place -based approach to community tourism
These strategies are organized by subtopics in Section 3: Preferred Land Use & Settlement Patterns, Section 4:
Protect and Enhance Natural and Cultural Resources, Section 5: Strengthen Infrastructure, Facilities, and Services,
Section 6: Build a Sustainable, Local Economy, of the CDP below.
1.1.4 How was the CDP developed? tN,
• The Hamakua CDP was developed through extensive community and stakeholder engagement.
Important documents developed through the CDP process are as follows:
• Hamakua Community Profile (2010) Vr
This is a comprehensive, detailed profile developed based on community knowledge and expertise,
as well as existing data, reports, and studie
• Values and Vision Statement (2011)
Community members identified core community values and a vision of what they'd like to see in
Hamakua in 2030, and this was synthesized from the more than 17,000 community comments
received into a Vision statement adopted by the Steering Committee.
• Hamakua Proposed Strategies for Consideration (2011)
Through a series of sub -regional workshops conducted in 2011, the Proposed Strategies for
Consideration booklet was developed and presented to the public to explore various strategies
under consideration and gather community feedback.
• Community Objectives (2013)
Using the values, vision, and profile, Community Objectives were developed and adopted by the
Steering Committee in 2013. These Community Objectives were used to guide the direction of
strategies to develop preliminary policies and recommended actions.
• Draft Analysis Documents (2014)
11
Extensive research was conducted to identify the range of strategies that could be used to achieve
the Community Objectives and this research was compiled into three Analysis Documents, below:
• 'Aina: Natural and Cultural Resource Management Analysis
• Community Analysis
• Economy Analysis
• Draft CDP (Approved by Steering Committee December 19,2016)
• Hamakua CDP (Adopted as County Ordinance [_Future Date_])
For links to the above documents, see
http://www.hawaiicountycdp.info/hamakua-cdp/copy of first-draft-preferred-cdp
To learn more about the Hamakua CDP, see www.hamaku&dp.info
ow do I navigate the Hamakua CDP? Ic A&
Internal cross-references have been inserted to simplify navigation within the document.
It also includes "Bookmarks," which can be seen by opening the Bookmark navigation pane in Adobe Acrobat Reader:
View/ Navigation Panels/ Bookmarks.
After following an internal link, it is easy to return to the previous point in the document by using either the
Bookmark navigation pane or the "Previous View' button, which can be added to the "Page Navigation" toolbar in
Acrobat Reader.
Note also that some of the formatting is required to keep the document compliant with the American with
Disabilities Act (ADA). For example, complete hyperlinks have to be inserted so that reading machines for the
visually -impaired can correctly interpret Internet addresses.
More detail about the structure of the CDP is included in the Table of Contents.
12
1.1.6 CDP Support Documents
Each Hawai'i County Community Development Plan is adopted by ordinance. This chapter — the Hamakua
Community Development Plan — is the document that will go before the County Council for adoption. All other
Hamakua CDP documents listed above are supporting materials that are not adopted into law.
The intent is to keep the CDP as concise and accessible as possible, leaving supporting material and analysis in other
chapters and the appendix. Chapters II, III, and IV are designed to facilitate and expedite CDP implementation.
Chapter II is a quick -reference guide for land use planners. Chapter III is a summary of action to be taken by County,
State, and federal agencies and other organizations. Chapter IV includes detail about each of the Community Actions
included in the CDP as well as tools to finance, guide, and monitor those actions.
Materials in the appendix set the context for and provide the detailed analysis behind the body of the CDP.
13
1.2 Acknowledgements
(To be completed upon Steering Committee Approval of Draft CDP)
14
1.3 Glossary of Terms and Acronyms Used
Glossary of Terms
Ahupua'a: Hawaiian Land division usually extending from the
uplands to the sea
'Aina: land, earth
Biofuel: A biofuel is a fuel that is produced through
contemporary biological processes, such as agriculture and
anaerobic digestion. Biofuels can be derived directly from plants,
or indirectly from agricultural, commercial, domestic, and/or industrial wastes.
Brownfield: Abandoned or underused site where redevelopment or reuse is complicated by the presence or
perceived presence of contamination
Capital improvements: Major, nonrecurring expenditure like infrastructure improvements, new buildings, and
related land acquisition and planning (see also CIP, below)
Critical Habitat: According to the US Fish and Wildlife Service: "When a species is proposed for listing as endangered
or threatened under the Endangered Species Act (Act), we must consider whether there are areas of habitat we
believe are essential to the species' conservation. Those areas may be proposed for designation as "critical habitat.
It is a specific geographic area(s) that contains features essentialfor the conservation of a threatened or endangered
species and that may require special management and protection. Critical habitat may include an area that is not
currently occupied by the species but that will be needed for its recovery." See
http://www.fws.gov/midwest/endangered/saving/Critica I Ha bitatFactSheet. htm I
Ecosystem Services: Any positive benefit that wildlife or ecosystems provides to people. The benefits can be direct
or indirect—small or large. See also: http://www.nwf.org/Wildlife/Wildlife-Conservation/Ecosystem-Services.aspx
Endemic Species: A species that is only found in that region and nowhere else in the world. As such they are of
conservation concern because they are not widespread and may be confined to only one or two areas.
Extensive Agriculture: A designation of land use that includes lands that are not capable of producing sustained, high
agricultural yields without the intensive application of modern farming methods and technologies due to certain
physical constraints such as soil composition, slope, machine tillability and climate. Other less intensive agricultural
uses such as grazing and pasture may be included in the Extensive Agriculture category. See the General Plan, pages
14-8, and 14-9.
General Plan: The policy document for the long range comprehensive development of the County of Hawai'i
http://records.co. hawa i i. hi. us/WebLi n k8/DocView.aspx?id=69701&d bid=1
Harden; Hardening: Refers to physically changing infrastructure or structures to make them less susceptible to
damage from extreme wind, flooding, or flying debris. Hardening improves the durability and stability of facilities,
making them better able to withstand the impacts of hurricanes and other natural events without sustaining major
damage or losing functionality.
Ho'owaiwai: Wealth
15
Infill: Development of vacant land — or rehabilitation of existing structures — in already urbanized areas where
infrastructure and services are in place.
Intensive Agriculture: A form of agriculture characterized by a low fallow ratio and higher use of inputs such as
capital and labor per unit land area. The County generally designates agricultural lands suitable for intensive
agriculture as Important Agriculture Lands, (not to be confused with the State of Hawai'i's Important Agricultural
Lands (IAL) designation. See also the General Plan, page 14-8, 14-9 for a discussion of the County's agricultural
designations.
Important Agricultural Lands (IAL): Enacted as Article XI, Section 3, of the Constitution of the State of Hawai'i, the
State is required to conserve and protect agricultural lands, promote diversified agriculture, increase agricultural self-
sufficiency and assure the availability of agriculturally suitable lands. The process for identifying State IAL is outlined
at: http://hdoa.hawaii.gov/chair/new-agriculture-initiatives/important-ag-lands-ial/
Kahakai: Shoreline areas
Kula: Agricultural areas 46#
Kuhi Loa: Poetical description of Hamakua meaning "Long Corner"
Kupuna: Grandparent, elder, respected aged community leader
Land Use Pattern Allocation Map (LUPAG): A broad, flexible design intended to guide the direction and quality of
future developments in a coordinated and rational manner.
Makai: Toward the ocean
Mauka: Toward the mountain
Mo'olelo: Story, tradition, journal
'Ohana: Family (can be extended to greater community, neighborhood)
Oikonomia: The root of the word "economics," meaning "management of the household" in Greek
Paratransit: Special transportation services for people with disabilities, often provided as a supplement to fixed -route
bus systems by public transit agencies
Placemaking: A multi -faceted approach to planning, design, and management of public spaces that capitalizes on a
local community's assets, inspiration, and potential to promote the health, happiness, and well-being of residents.
See Appendix V413. X 'Ay
Planning Area: Also referred to as the Hamakua Planning Area, or the CDP Planning Area — the geographic region of
the Hamakua CDP, which roughly encompasses Waipi'o Valley to Wainaku, or the regions known as Hamakua, North
Hilo, and rural South Hilo. See Figure 1: Map of Hamakua Planning Area.
Pu'u: Cinder cone
Special Management Area: An area along the shoreline designated for special protections. The Office of Planning
(OP) administers Hawai'i Revised Statutes (HRS) Chapter 205A, the Coastal Zone Management (CZM) law, and the
purpose of HRS Chapter 205A is to "provide for the effective management, beneficial use, protection, and
development of the Coastal Zone." The Special Management Area (SMA) permitting system is part of the CZM
Program approved by Federal and State agencies.
W
Wahi Pana: Celebrated and storied places in the cultural traditions of Hawai'i
Wao: Mauka forest lands
1.3.2 Glossary of Acronyms
APD: Agricultural Project District, pursuant HCC section 25-6-50
BID: Business improvement district, Appendix V413, pursuant to HCC Chapter 35.
BLNR: Board of Land and Natural Resources, Department of Land and Natural Resources, State of Hawai'i
CBCA: Community-based collaborative action
CBED: Community-based economic development
CEDS: Comprehensive Economic Development Strategy "it
CERT: Community emergency response team, program administered by County Civil Defense agency with County of
Fire Dept. training.
CIP: Capital improvements program. Both the State and the County adopt annual CIP budgets
COH: County of Hawai'i
COE: Army Corps of Engineers
CTAHR: College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii
CZM: Coastal Zone Management, pursuant HRS Chapter 205A %&�' N
DAR: Division of Aquatic Resources, Department of Land and Natural Resources, State of Hawaii
DBEDT: Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism, State of Hawai'i
DHHL: Department of Hawaiian Home Lands, State of Hawai'i
DLNR: Department of Land and Natural Resources, State of Hawai'i
DOA: Department of Agriculture, State of Hawai'i
DOBOR: Division of Boating and Ocean Recreation, Department of Land and Natural Resources, State of Hawai'i
DOCARE: Division of Conservation and Resource Enforcement, Department of Land and Natural Resources, State of
Hawai'i
DOE: Department of Education, State of Hawai'i
DOFAW: Division of Forestry and Wildlife, Department of Land and Natural Resources, State of Hawai'i
DOH: Department of Health, State of Hawai'i
DOT: Department of Transportation, State of Hawai'i
EA: Environmental Assessment, pursuant HRS Chapter 343 and HAIR Chapter 11-200
EIS: Environmental Impact Statement, pursuant HRS Chapter 343 and HAIR Chapter 11-200
FEMA: Federal Emergency Management Agency
FHA: Federal Housing Administration
17
FIRM: Flood Insurance Rate Map
HAR: Hawaii Administrative Rules
HCC: Hawai'i County Code http://www.hawaiicounty.gov/lb-countycode/
HCEL Hawai'i Clean Energy Initiative
HCDA: Hawai'i Community Development Authority, State of Hawai'i, HRS 206E
HHCDC: Hilo-Hamakua Community Development Corporation (nonprofit)
HHF: Historic Hawai'i Foundation (nonprofit)
HHFDC: Hawai'i Housing Finance and Development Corporation
HICDC: Hawai'i Island Community Development Corporation (nonprofit)
HRS: Hawai'i Revised Statutes
HTA: Hawaii Tourism Authority
HUD: US Department of Housing and Urban Development
HVNP: Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park
IAL: Important Agricultural Lands, pursuant HRS sections 205-41 thru 52. See definition in Glossary of terms.
LUC: Land Use Commission, Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism, State of Hawai'i
LUPAG: Land Use Pattern Allocation Guide Map
NAR: Natural Area Reserve
NHERC: North Hawai'i Education and Research Center, a branch of UH -Hilo located in Honoka'a
NOAA: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration '%
NPS: National Park Service x "qq%
NRCS: Natural Resource Conservation Service, United States Department of Agriculture
NTHP: National Trust for Historic Preservation
OCCL: Office of Conservation and Coastal Lands, Department of Land and Natural Resources, State of Hawai'i
OEQC: Office of Environmental Quality Control, Department of Health, State of Hawai'i
ORMP: Ocean Resources Management Plan
PATH: People's Advocacy for Trails Hawai'i (nonprofit)
PES: Payment for ecosystem services
PLDC: Public Land Development Corporation
PONC: Public Access, Open Space, and Natural Resources Preservation Commission, County of Hawai'i
PTA: Pohakuloa Training Area, a military installation base on the slopes of Mauna Kea
PUC: Hawai'i State Public Utilities Commission
18
PUD: Planned Unit Development, pursuant HCC section 25-6-1
RIL: Road -in -limbo
SHPD: State Historic Preservation Division, Department of Land and Natural Resources, State of Hawai'i
SLU: State Land Use, referring to the SLU districts defined in HRS Chapter 205
SMA: Special Management Area. Refer to the glossary.
SWCD: Soil and Water Conservation District
TDR: Transfer of Development Rights — programs referenced in Appendix V4:A.
TMA: Three Mountain Alliance 'A&
TMK: Tax Map Key — the identifier used by the Real Property Tax division of the County Department of Finance for
each individu
TNC: The Nat
TND: Traditic
TOD: Transit
TSPTF: Taro 5
UH/UHH: Un
UHERO: Univ
USDA: Unite(
USFWS: Univ
19
1.5 Introduction to the Hamakua Planning Area
i.rm The Land Sustains the People of the Kuhi Loa
The region referred to as Hamakua stretches along north of Hilo along the upright cliffs (Hilo Paliku) to the
majestic, historic valley of Waipi'o and up the slopes to the sacred summit of Mauna Kea. It is against this
sweeping, lush green landscape that the people of the Hamakua region have flourished for generations. The
region was historically renowned as a powerful religious, economic, and demographic center of Hawai'i Island
and from early times, the region was known for its agriculture. One cannot truly understand Hamakua's
people without appreciating the legacy that agriculture has stamped on this land and its people. 1
For some, Hamakua is a place where their ancestors flourished for centuries and for others, agricultural
employment drew their ancestors to emigrate from foreign lands. Here they raised their children and learned
to love the land and sea as their own. Still others have come in search of a simpler way of life, drawn by the
beauty of the land and a host of personal stories that testify to the magical attraction that draws people to
places where they feel at home. Together, these groups form the modern communities of Hamakua.
Regardless of their background, the people of Hamakua share a deep appreciation for the historical heritage of
their small towns and highly value preserving an 'ohana-centered community that emphasizes quality of life,
neighborhood cooperation, and the aloha spirit. The people of Hamakua recognize that their future is tied to
the preservation of their way of life and the natural and cultural resources that have sustained them for
generations.
1.5.2 Core Values
The themes listed below are the core values expressed by the community during the Vision and Values
outreach phase at the commencement of the CDP process.
1 See Appendix V46: Community Building Analysis, page 173.
20
1.6 Hamakua Today: Community Assets and Challenges
1.6.1 Assets
1.6.1.1 Natural and Cultural
• Dramatic pastoral, ocean, and Mauna Kea Summit views.
• Mauka forests, rich in biodiversity and critical habitat.
• Abundant rainfall, streams, and watershed resources.
• Pristine coastline and off -shore waters supporting unique habitats and ecosystems.
• Large extent of natural areas (mauka) already protected.
• Tradition of subsistence, recreational, and cultural access to natural resources.
1.6.1.2 Settlement Patterns 'A&
• Homestead lands, historic plantation towns, ranch lands mauka forests, small diverse farms exemplify
rural character and lifestyle.
1.6.1.3 Infrastructure, Facilities, and Services
• Highway 19, Old Mamalahoa highway segments, and mauka-makai homestead roads connect the towns
and settlements.
• Elementary and Middle Schools serve Papa'ikou and Pa'auilo communities; K-12 systems serve Honoka'a
and Laupahoehoe (the only public charter school in the Planning Area). A Kamehameha Schools preschool
is located in Pa'auilo.
• Hospital, clinic, and long-term care are located in Honoka'a.
• A full-time police station and fire station are located in Honoka'a; while police substations and fire
department facilities (for volunteer teams) are located in Pepe'ekeo and Laupahoehoe. Pa'auilo has a fire
truck and volunteer fire team.
• County Park Facilities include: Kaiwiki park & gym; Honoli'i beach park; Papa'ikou park & gym; Pepe'ekeo
park, ball field, community center; Honomu park, gym, & Kolekole beach park; Hakalau-Wailea tennis
courts & playfield; Ninole (Waikaumalo) river park, Papa'aloa gym, annex, & tennis courts; Laupahoehoe
swimming pool, beach park, & gym, Pa'auilo park, gym, & playfield; Haina playfield; Honoka'a park, gym,
playfield, swimming pool, & rodeo arena; Kukuihaele playfield & Waipi'o lookout.
• State Recreation Facilities include: 'Akaka Falls State Park, Kalopa State Park, and Mauna Kea State
Recreation Area.
1.6.1.4 Economic Developmen
• Access to healthy local food from agriculture and mauka forests.
• Traditions of self-reliance and sharing
• Agricultural tradition, infrastructure, and capacity
• Potential for renewable energy production
• Global significance as an eco -tourism destination because of the unique landscape and cultural heritage
21
1.6.2 Challenges
1.6.2.1 Natural and Cultural
• Mauka forests are threatened by feral animals and invasive flora and fauna
• Shoreline movement and the nature of Hamakua's dynamic coastal bluffs are poorly understood
• Mauka and makai access is sometimes limited and/or unmanaged
• Natural disasters — landslides, wildfires, earthquakes, tsunami, hurricanes, flooding — are a consistent
threat
1.6.2.2 Settlement Patterns
• Open space, working agricultural lands, and the coastline are vulnerable to inappropriate development.
• The recent trend and likely future build -out potential is largely in the pre -code (and pre -Statehood)
homestead lands which often lack adequate infrastructure for increased density
• Potential for existing and new developments to build out in ways that could undermine the community's
unique character and rural lifestyle
1.6.2.3 Infrastructure, Facilities, and Services
• Long distances to travel for basic services and healthcare
• Lack of municipal water availability within some towns encourages residents to move into agricultural
lands
• Undefined strategies for locating and funding emergency facilities; rural road networks; water and other
infrastructure; schools, clinics, and other public facilities; and parks.
• High number of roads -in -limbo and no defined strategy to address improvements or adoption
• Some park facilities are closed due to poor maintenance or hazardous conditions. 'O'6kala gym is
permanently closed; the Hakalau gym and the Laupahoehoe boat ramp are closed indefinitely.
Papa'aloa gym is partially cordoned off due to hazardous materials; Hakalau tennis courts are an
inadequate playing surface, and the gyms in Honomu and Papa'ikou need to be reroofed.
1.6.2.4 Economic Developmen
• Barriers to agricultural sustainability, including land tenure, water, and infrastructure.
• Available workers exceed available jobs in Hamakua, so many people commute to Kona or Hilo for work.
• Because of limited retail, service, and entertainment businesses, the majority of local dollars are being
spent outside the community.
• Limited capture of high volume visitor traffic.
22
KEY ISSUES AND PRIORITIES
This grouping of topics illustrates the top issues identified in responses to the 20 -year vision
question.
LOCAL ECONOMY (economically and environmentally sustainable agriculture, local business,
jobs, retail, services, dining, renewable energy, housing)
RECREATION (parks and gathering spaces, facilities, programs, youth recreation, outdoor
recreation)
EDUCATION (improved schools, quality education, adult/vocational/higher education)
HEALTH CARE (hospital/clinic, elderly care, more medical professionals, social services)
`AINA (natural resources, land use, public access, environmental quality, natural beauty,
sustainability)
PUBLIC SERVICES (transportation, roadways, mass transit, public utilities, protective services)
We, the residents of Hamakua recognize that the foundation of our life, livelihood and well-being
comes from the 'aina-the land, the seas, the rivers and streams, the forests, and the skies. As active
stewards, we malama the 'aina as the source of sustenance for ourselves and future generations.
This Kanaka Maoli wisdom guides our actions with the principle that "what is good for the land, is
good for the people."
'O ka mea kupono 'aina ka mea kupono kanaka.
Our pristine landscapes and rich agricultural lands from mauka to makai, native forests to coastal
waters, streams and watersheds, the sweeping views and open spaces are protected and enhanced.
We protect our culturally significant and sacred places, and nurture our diverse cultural and
plantation heritage. Access to natural resources and care for the 'aina supports and perpetuates
subsistence and recreation, Native Hawaiian, and other cultural traditions.
Hamakua is a rural community of distinctive small towns and villages thriving on sustainable
agriculture and ranching to provide ourselves and the rest of Hawai'i with healthy food and locally
grown products.
Our vibrant economy is based on local businesses that are able to provide living wage jobs and
ensure access to goods and services so that our families can work and shop close to home. We
produce and rely on clean, renewable energy to power our communities and businesses.
Our high quality of life is rooted in our strong sense of 'ohana and community. We support lifetime
learning through the expansion of educational opportunities for all residents. Access to quality
healthcare, elderly care, and affordable housing is provided. We host festivals for music, culture,
arts, and agriculture, and are known for our parks, gathering places, and recreation programs.
Our communities are connected by a network of safe, well maintained roadways and we enjoy
multiple transportation choices. Our community prides itself on its heritage roads as alternative,
slower routes between our popular destinations and our historic plantation villages.
Hamakua is a place where change is thoughtful & deliberate. Our deep aloha for the 'aina compels
and ensures smart, sustainable development, and the protection and perpetuation of Hamakua's
uniqueness now and into the future.
— adopted by the Hdmdkua CDP Steering Committee on March 1, 2011
1.8 From Vision to Action
i.&i Community Objectives
Building on the community's values and vision as well as insights from the Community Profile (see Appendix V3),
the Steering Committee established the following Community Objectives:
'AINA [Natural Resources & Ag as related to conservation of natural resources, Public Access]
• Objective 1: Protect, restore, and enhance watershed ecosystems, sweeping views, and open spaces from
mauka forests to makai shorelines, while assuring responsible public access for recreational, spiritual,
cultural, and sustenance practices.
• Objective 2: Protect and restore viable agricultural lands and resources. Protect and enhance viewscapes
and open spaces that exemplify Hamakua's rural character.
• Objective 3: Encourage community-based collaborative management plans to assure that human
activities are in harmony with the quality of Hamakua's unique natural and cultural landscape.
COMMUNITY [Culture, Town Planning, Infrastructure, Public Facilities, Services, Transportation]
• Objective 4: Protect and nurture Hamakua's social and cultural diversity and heritage assets, including
sacred places, historic sites and buildings, and distinctive plantation towns.
• Objective 5: Direct future settlement patterns that are sustainable and connected. Honor Hamakua's
historic and cultural assets by concentrating new development in existing, walkable, mixed-use town
centers while limiting rural sprawl.
• Objective 6: Develop and improve critical community infrastructure, including utilities, healthcare,
emergency services, affordable housing, educational opportunities and recreational facilities to keep our
'ohana safe, strong, and healthy. "qq% 1W
• Obiective 7: Establish a rural transportation network that includes improving roadway alternatives to
Highway 19, expanding and improving the existing transit system, and encouraging multiple
transportation options.
ECONOMY [Employment, Industry, Business Development, Small Town Revitalization, Agriculture, Tourism]
• Objective 8: Promote, preserve and enhance a diverse, sustainable, local economy.
• Objective 9: Encourage the increase and diversity of employment and living options for residents,
including living wage jobs and entrepreneurial opportunities that allow residents to work and shop close
to home and that complement Hamakua's ecology, rural character, and cultural heritage.
• Objective 10: Revitalize retail, service, dining, and entertainment centers that complement the
community's rural character and culture.
• Objective 11: Enhance and promote local and sustainable agriculture, farming, ranching, renewable
energy, and related economic support systems.
25
• Objective 12: Preserve traditional subsistence practices and encourage a reciprocity (e.g. bartering)
economy as a sustainable complement to Hamakua's resource-based economy.
• Objective 13: Promote appropriate rural tourism that welcomes guests for an alternative visitor
experience. Promote HawaiTs host culture and Hamakua's heritage, including historic roads and
plantation towns, and festivals that celebrate our rich multi -cultural music, art, and agriculture.
Throughout the CDP, references to "Community Objectives," "CDP Objectives," or "objectives" are referring to
these Community Objectives adopted by the Steering Committee.
1.8.2 Identifying CDP Strategies
The Community Objectives are the foundation of the CDP. All of the CDP strategies are designed to implement
one or more of the objectives.
To make that process as transparent as possible, Appendices V4A, B, and C each include a "strategy identification
matrix' that was developed using (and makes specific references to) the comprehensive content included in that
appendix. The matrix summarizes current policies and action that are aligned with community objectives,
remaining policy and action gaps, and the new policy, advocacy, and community-based, collaborative action
needed to achieve community objectives.
In addition, Appendices V4A, B, and C each include summaries of the rationale behind each of the CDP policies.
Each rationale is based on the process represented in the corresponding strategy identification matrix.
To keep the CDP as concise as possible, only limited information from the appendix is repeated, though
references direct the interested reader to relevant sections of the analysis.
IYk1.8.3 Types of CDP Strategi
The process of identifying CDP strategies made it clear that strategies fall into three basic categories:
1. Those that are the responsibility of County government —these are the Policies of the CDP.
2. Those that are not the responsibility of the County but are other governmental (Federal or State), or
nongovernmental organizations' responsibility - these are called K6kua Actions.
3. Those that are not core functions of government and require community leadership and initiative — these
are the Community Actions of the CDP.
To focus and expedite CDP implementation, the CDP strategies are organized into those categories. Because the
CDP is most fundamentally a County policy document, County responsibilities are further organized into two
aspects of Land Use Policy and County Actions, which include regulatory changes, infrastructure improvements,
and programs.
However, the County cannot achieve Community Objectives on its own. Those objectives will not be achieved
without coordinated effort from other levels of government and the community. Therefore, the CDP also clearly
outlines steps that need to be taken outside of County government.
Section 2 elaborates on these types of strategies in more detail, including the legal implications of each.
26
3.4 Strategies to Action
The clear distinctions between the different types of CDP strategies are important because they leave leadership
and control where they belong — in the community's hands. Government policy and actions in the CDP are based
on Community Objectives and are focused primarily on protecting critical resources and providing basic
infrastructure. In this way, the CDP provides a foundation for the Community to build their future.
After that, things are in the community's hands. This is important because Hamakua has the vision, the capacity,
and the drive to determine their future in their own way.
Chapter IV is designed to support the community -led CDP implementation process.
27
qj
2.1 Purpose
The purpose of County of Hawai'i Community Development Plans (CDPs) is to implement the broad goals within
the General Plan on a regional basis and to translate the broad General Plan statements to specific actions. CDPs
are the forum for community input into coordinating the delivery of government services to the community.
2.2. Relationship to the General Plan
County of Hawaii Community Development Plans (CDPs) implement but do not supersede the General Plan. In
this CDP, all references to the General Plan refer to the County of Hawai'i General Plan, February 2005 (As
Amended) — unless otherwise noted. In the case of conflicts between a CDP and the General Plan, the General
Plan prevails. In order to bring the Hamakua CDP and the General Plan into alignment, the CDP recommends
specific amendments to the General Plan (see Policy 1, related Figures 2-13 and Policy 12).
2.3 Planning Area X X
Located in the northeastern portion of the Island and County of Hawai'i, the Hamakua CDP Planning Area
encompasses the judicial districts of Hamakua and North Hilo, and a portion of the South Hilo district commonly
referred to as Rural South Hilo. The Planning Area totals approximately 1,011 square miles, and includes the
communities of Waipi'o Valley, Kukuihaele, Honoka'a, Ahualoa, Kalopa, Pa'auilo, 'O'okala, Laupahoehoe,
Papa'aloa, Ninole, Umauma, Wailea, Hakalau, Honomu, Pepe'ekeo, Papa'ikou, Pauka'a, Wainaku, Kaiwiki and
other small communities in between. See "Figure 1: Map of Hamakua Planning Area."
For clarity, to distinguish between the Hamakua District and the Hamakua Planning Area, the CDP will specify
which is being referenced throughout the CDP.
The Hamakua CDP employs four types of strategies to achieve Community Objectives: two types of County policy,
outside agency/organization initiatives, and community -led initiatives.
In many cases, existing State and County policies support the implementation of Hamakua Community Objectives.
For the "Existing Policies" that are particularly pertinent to the Hamakua Planning Area, they are reiterated at the
beginning of the relevant section within the CDP and cited as such. Note: some existing policies were determined
to be significant enough as to warrant restating them as Hamakua CDP policies either verbatim or tailored to the
specific context of the Hamakua Planning Area (citations to existing policies are included). One advantage to this
is that if the referenced existing policies are later changed following adoption of the CDP, the CDP policies shall
stand unless otherwise amended or unless superseded by prevailing policy in the General Plan or State or federal
law. Many of the existing policies from the General Plan are general statements that express policy aims, goals, or
objectives (aka: Policy Intent). These policies are often open to interpretation when applied in specific instances,
but they set the foundation for further controlling policies (aka: Policy Control) or County actions.
29
The County policies articulated herein are established with the adoption of the Hamakua CDP. There are two
types of County policies in the CDP:
1. "Land Use Policies" are the official land use policy guidance for the Hamakua CDP planning area and shall
be implemented through all County of Hawai'i actions. In addition, the Land Use Policies shall inform
County recommendations to other agencies, including the State Land Use Commission regarding district
boundary amendments, special permits, and other applications in the Hamakua Planning Area. The Land
Use Policies within the Hamakua CDP limit the range of decisions that can be made in the future; for
instance, land use policies that specifically designate future settlement or transportation patterns. These
binding, sometimes restrictive policy controls may include use of the term "shall," which, from a legal
standpoint, means the policy is imperative or mandatory.
2. "County Actions" are the official County policies to guide future County priorities and initiatives, including
operating and capital budgets. These policies are not mandated, legally -binding, or self -implementing;
rather, they often require additional legislative and administrative directives before being implemented
(e.g., land acquisition, capital improvement appropriations, code changes, incentive measures).
None of the Hamakua Community Objectives can be achieved by the County alone. Some important policies fall
outside jurisdiction, while other initiatives must be led by the community. Therefore, the CDP includes two
additional types of strategies:
1. "Kokua Actions" are actions that would help advance CDP Objectives, but are within the jurisdiction of
non -County governmental agencies or other entities. Depending on the context, these actions may be
initiated via CDP advocacy, collaborative agency partnerships, or through direct or indirect support to the
lead agency in implementing the specified action; but ultimately, Kokua Actions are dependent on non -
County action. MkIdw
2. "Community Actions" these community-based, collaborative actions are initiatives that must be led by
the community with support from a broad range of organizations and agencies.
2.5 CDP Implementation Ro es and Gui
There is a strong connection between each type of CDP strategy and roles during CDP implementation. The
success of CDP implementation will largely depend on each partner focusing where it can make the biggest
difference. Therefore, to facilitate CDP implementation;
• "Land Use Policies" are re -organized in "Chapter II: Planners Guide" to provide clear land use planning and
permitting guidance to public and private planners and to policy makers. (This document is to be developed
when policy revisions are complete)
• "County Actions" are re -organized by agency in "Chapter 111.1: County Actions by Agency." (This document is to
be developed when policy revisions are complete)
• "Kokua Actions" are re -organized by entity in "Chapter 111.3: Kokua Actions by Agency." (This document is to be
developed when policy revisions are complete)
• "Community Actions" are explained in detail in "Chapter IV.1: Community Action Guide."
Me
Figure 1: Map of Hamakua Planning Area
LEGEND Kauai
Hamakua CDP Q Judicial Districts 00 O'ahu
Planning Area — Southern Boundary Ni`ihau Molokai
Z=t7
Maui
01 * Communities Lanai ID
Q
t Pac/r Kaho`olawe
NORTH'' Waipi`oValley �c
�. Kukuihaele o
KOHALA �,
Ahualoa 0 Hawaii
.,. X
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— 7 ,rte ► (Hdahoy O`bkala
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y SOUTH r Nrnole
KOHALA HAMAKUA
Umauma
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I ' HIROTH Hakalau
*Z--Wailea
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♦ `
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sd Kaiwiki
( Southern Boundary Inset
i
fir✓ �
SDUTH �
HILO m
NORTH��
KONA X�e�
i
PUNA �
r
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J (MILES)
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♦ — �. Palhoeho
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r
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4 r Y 1
w � ,• ream
* ` w ainakur
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w a 1.-
�i/UkU River -:
As Recommended By The Hamakua CDP Steering Committee For Adoption by the County of Hawai'i
Section 2: Applicability
Pupukohi i holomuo
Unite to move forward
3A Land Use & Settlement Patterns
This section of the CDP guides future land use '2
development and permitting to be consistent with
CDP objectives and policies. Specifically, to reduce
rural sprawl and infrastructure costs, it focuses futur
residential development in existing villages and
towns and seeks to preserve large productive
agricultural lands for agriculture by accommodating
rural -residential development close to these urban
centers. It directs new residential development away
from coastal areas and encourages the clustering of
developments to leave natural buffer areas. It plans
urban areas with appropriately -scaled densities that
complement the rural character of the area.
It provides guidance to the Planning Department on
change of zone and variance priorities, and stipulates
the types of areas and regulatory processes that are
appropriate for industrial development. It also
directs the County to engage communities interested
in town -level planning.
3.1.1 Community Objective
Of the Community Objectives adopted by the
Steering Committee (see Section 1.8.1 Community
Objectives, above), the following are related to the
preferred settlement pattern:
• Objective 5: Direct future settlement patterns
that are sustainable and connected. Honor
Hamakua's historic and cultural assets by
concentrating new development in existing,
walkable, mixed-use town centers while limiting
rural sprawl.
Objective 4: Protect and nurture Hamakua's
social and cultural diversity and heritage assets,
including sacred places, historic sites and
buildings, and distinctive plantation towns.
Objective 2: Protect and restore viable
agricultural lands and resources. Protect and
enhance viewscapes and open spaces that
exemplify Hamakua's rural character.
3. eral Plan Settlem t Framework
The General Plan articulates the overall County's
preferred settlement pattern in section 14.1:
The future improvement and development
objectives are directed toward making urban
and rural centers more efficient, livable, and
safe. Growth should be encouraged in terms of
renewing older areas or extending existing
areas. The creation of new urban and rural
centers should be initiated only when it is in the
public interest and must be accompanied by
commitments from both government and the
private sector for the development of basic
community and public facilities and services.
Infrastructure costs less when new residential
areas are located near existing highways,
water and sewer lines, and employment
centers.
The General Plan lists the County's goals for Section
14.1.2 as follows:
(a) Designate and allocate land uses in
appropriate proportions and mix and in keeping
with the social, cultural, and physical
environments of the County.
33
(b) Protect and encourage the intensive and
extensive utilization of the County's important
agricultural lands.
(c) Protect and preserve forest, water, natural
and scientific reserves and open areas.
3.1.3 Existing Policy
Land Use Policy Intent
Promote and encourage the rehabilitation and
use of urban areas that are serviced by basic
community facilities and utilities (GP 14.1.3 (b))
• Encourage urban development within existing
zoned areas already served by basic
infrastructure, or close to such areas, instead of
scattered development (GP 14.1.3 (j)).
• Centralization of commercial activities int
Laupahoehoe-Papa'aloa area shall be
%k
encouraged. (GP 14.3.5.3.2 (a)) Centralization of
commercial activities in the Honoka'a area shall
be encouraged. Urban renewal of the area
should be
Land Use Pol
Piihlir Arracc
sliding, and other recreational purposes, and
where there are existing mountain trails. (HRS 46-
6.5 and HCC 34-4(c))
Preservation of Natural/Cultural Resources
• Outstanding natural or cultural features, such as
scenic spots, water courses, fine groves of trees,
heiau, and historical sites and structures, shall be
preserved during subdivision. (HCC 23-26)
Plan approval and related conditions shall
consider forest and coastal ecosystems,
agricultural lands, open space, viewscapes,
areas of natural beauty, archeological and
historic sites, and historic buildings when
assuring that proper siting is provided for, proper
landscaping is provided, unsightly areas are
properly screened or eliminated, and natural and
man-made features of community value are
preserved. (HCC 25-2-77(a) & 76)
%kh Residential, Commercial, and Industrial Development
Appropriate public access to and along the
shoreline shall be ensured as a condition ofS A
exemptions and permits. (HRS 205A-26)
The development of commercial facilities should
be designed to fit into the locale with minimal
intrusion while providing the desired services.
Appropriate infrastructure and design concerns
shall be incorporated into the review of such
developments. (GP 14.3.3 (f))
• Subdividers of six or more lots, parcels, units, or
interests shall be required to dedicate land for
public access for pedestrian travel from a public
highway or street to the land below the high-
water mark on any coastal shoreline or to areas
in the mountains where there are existing
facilities for hiking, hunting, fruit -picking, ti -leaf
Commercial facilities shall be developed in areas
adequately served by necessary services, such as
water, utilities, sewers, and transportation
systems. Should such services not be available,
the development of more intensive uses should be
in concert with a localized program of public and
private capital improvements to meet the
expected increased needs. (GP 14.3.3 (b))
• Industrial development shall be located in areas
adequately served by transportation, utilities,
and other essential infrastructure. (GP 14.4.3 (e))
A lot shall be suitable for the purpose for which it
is intended to be sold. No area subject to
periodic inundation which endangers the health
or safety of its occupants may be subdivided for
residential purposes. (HCC 23-37)
• Do not allow strip or spot commercial
development on the highway outside of the
primary commercial area. (GP 14.3.5.3.2 (c))
34
County Actions
Identify sites suitable for future industrial
activities as the need arises (GP 14.4.5.9.2 (a);
14.4.5.2.2 (b); 14.4.5.3.2 (a); 14.4.5.2 (a)
• Suitable commercially zoned lands shall be
provided as the need arises. (Hamakua district GP
14.3.5.4.2 (b))
3.1.4 Land Use Policy
All of the CDP Land Use Policies are designed to
preserve the preferred future settlement pattern and
achieve the Community Objectives. Land Use Policies
that are designed to protect coastal areas,
agricultural lands, mauka forests, scenic areas,
sensitive ecosystems, cultural resources, and public
access are included in related elements of Section 4:
Protect and Enhance Natural and Cultural
Resources, below. The following Land Use Policies
speak more generally to the preservation of the 4
preferred land use and settlement pattern in
Hamakua, including the relative location of
residential, commercial, industrial, rural, and
agricultural areas.
Policy 1
NM
With the adoption of the Hamakua CDP, Figures
2-13 (pages 31-50) are adopted as the Land Use
Guide Map for the Hamakua CDP Planning Area.
Future land use decisions in the Hamakua CDP
planning area shall be consistent with the Land
Use Guide Map, unless the CDP and the General
Plan are in direct conflict, in which case the
General Plan shall be controlling.
As with the General Plan Land Use Pattern
Allocation Guide (LUPAG) map, the CDP Land Use
Guide Map designates preferred future
development patterns by indicating the general
location of various land uses in relation to each
other. To maintain consistency, the land use
category definitions used in the CDP Land Use
Guide Map are identical to those currently used in
the 2005 General Plan LUPAG map.
See Policy 12 for the County Action that aligns
the CDP Land Use Guide Policy Map with the
General Plan. Policy 12 is necessary because the
CDP Land Use Guide Map does not automatically
amend the General Plan.
Policy 2
New urban development shall be located away
from coastal areas and the Special Management
Area. This is reflected in the location of "Low
Density Urban" (LDU) areas on the official Land
Use Guide Map.
olicy 3
Focus higher density residential (greater than 6
units/acre) and commercial areas in communities
that can sustain a higher intensity of uses and
where these residential and commercial uses are
consistent with the existing town character. This
is reflected in the location of "Medium Density
Urban" (MDU) areas on the official Land Use
Guide Map
Smaller villages and towns are encouraged to
develop neighborhood -scale commercial uses
allowed within the Low Density Urban category.
See 3.1.7 LUPAG Maps, Figures 2-13 for the
LUPAG maps, and refer to the rationale
document for specifics on how the LUPAG MDU
category changes are being implemented for
each area.
Policy 4
In order to preserve larger lot agricultural lands
for productive agricultural use, allow rural
development on lands near urban areas where an
intermediate land use between residential and
productive agricultural areas is consistent with
the surrounding uses and rural character. This is
reflected in the location of "Rural" (R) areas on
the official Land Use Guide Map, which is
intended to facilitate changes of zone to
35
"Residential and Agricultural District" (RA) or the
"Family Agricultural District" (FA).
The intermediate land use between residential
and productive agricultural areas is intended to
serve as:
• A low density area that provides a
transitional use buffer area between strictly
residential and commercial productive
agriculture areas, and;
• A mix of personal or family -scale productive
commercial or subsistence agricultural use on
all newly established parcels in the Rural
area, and;
• Parcels having a median size of between 2 — 3
acres but in no case less than 1 acre in size.
Areas beyond both the Urban Growth Boundary
and Rural areas are to be preserved for
agricultural uses, open space, scenic viewsheds,
and natural beauty areas.
Policy 5
In the official Land Use Guide Map, the urban
growth boundary between developed areas
(designated "Low/Medium Density Urban") and
lands designated as agricultural or rural
(designated "Important Agriculture Land" or
"Extensive Agriculture" or "Rural") is intended to
be parcel -specific in the Hamakua CDP planning
area. Areas that are clearly beyond the
designated urban growth boundaries shall be
preserved as rural or agricultural lands to
maintain open space, scenic view planes, and
natural beauty areas.
Note: See Policy 6 for Industrial Change of Zone
flexibility.
This policy clarifies that the urban growth boundary
established with the Hamakua CDP Land Use Guide
Map establishes parcel specific UGBs whenever
practical at the intersection between Urban and
Rural/Agricultural land uses. The CDP strategy of
designating parcel -specific Urban designations adds
clarity and specificity, increases transparency into the
land use designation process, and more accurately
reflects the County's and the Community's land use
goals and intentions.
Policy 6
Until the General Plan identifies appropriate
areas for Industrial development to occur in the
Hamakua Planning Area, industrial uses may be
permitted outside LUPAG Industrial designated
areas through the following regulatory review
processes:
• Change of Zone: If the subject property is
located in State Land Use Urban district, a
change of zone request to the appropriate
industrial zoning should be considered; the
change of zone process would be the
appropriate review mechanism to evaluate
the specific parameters of the proposal;
• Special Use: If the subject property is located
in the State Land Use Agricultural or Rural
District, and the project type is consistent
with a permitted use of either limited -
industrial (ML) or commercial -industrial
zoning (MCX), the special use permit process
would be the appropriate review mechanism
to evaluate the specific parameters of the
proposal and set any mitigating conditions.
Any requests for Industrial uses shall be carefully
evaluated for potential impacts and consistency
with the General Plan and Hamakua CDP Policies
and Objectives. Of particular note is the existing
General Plan Policy 14.4.3 (e): Industrial
development shall be located in areas adequately
served by transportation, utilities, and other
essential infrastructure.
The majority of the current Industrial areas in the
Planning Area, and especially in North Hilo, are
no longer seen as suitable for heavy industry,
generally due to their near -coastal
(environmentally sensitive) locations (see also
Policy 12). This policy demonstrates flexibility in
36
allowing Industrial uses in appropriate areas until
the General Plan appropriately identifies
locations for Industrial uses.
Policy 7
In the official Land Use Guide Map for the
Hamakua Planning Area, in the "Low Density
Urban" (LDU) and Medium Density Urban (MDU)
categories, in those cases where provisions of the
zoning and subdivision code are inconsistent with
the character of surrounding neighborhoods,
variances or PUDs that maintain consistent
village/town character shall be encouraged.
Policy 8
Code for consolidation and resubdivision actions
in the Hamakua CDP planning area, the Planning
Director shall carefully consider how to best
further the public welfare relative to the
objectives and policies of the Hamakua CDP.
Specifically, the Director 1) should confer with all
appropriate agencies, 2) shall, if the new
subdivision will include lots smaller than
otherwise permitted in the subject zone,
endeavor to locate those smaller lots in LDU,
MDU, or Industrial areas and near existing
towns/villages and thoroughfares, and 3) shall
require necessary improvements. (HCC 23-6, 23-7,
and 25-2-11).
In new, previously zoned Residential subdivisions 3,1.5 County Acti
in coastal areas, subdivisions shall be encouraged
to develop as Cluster Plan Developments (C. P.D.)
pursuant HCC Section 25-6-20, or Clustered Rural
Subdivisions.
See corresponding County Action Policy 13 and
Policy 14 relating to cluster developments.
Policy 9
The Director of Planning shall offer a favorable
recommendation to the Planning Commissions,
subject to appropriate conditions, only for those
proposed zoning code amendments that would
further the intent and ensure consistency with the
objectives and policies of the Hamakua CDP.
(HCC25-2-42 (c) (1) and 25-2-44)
Policy 10
Variances from the zoning or subdivision code
(including PUDs) shall be carefully considered
relative to the Hamakua CDP objectives and
policies, and when approved, shall be conditioned
to ensure consistency with the CDP. (HCC 23-6,
23-15(c), 23-18, 25-2-51(c), 25-2-54(b), and 25-6-
6(b))
Policy 11
When considering waivers to the requirements of
the zoning and subdivision chapters of the County
Policy 12
Amend the General Plan to reflect the following
changes:
The Land Use Pattern Allocation Guide should
be consistent with the Hamakua CDP Land
Use Guide Map. If the definitions of land use
designations in the General Plan are revised,
the following factors should guide land use
designations in the Hamakua Planning Area:
— Factor 1: Minimize new coastal
development
— Factor 2: Minimize encroachment onto
agricultural lands
— Factor 3: Align with State Land Use
District Boundary
— Factor 4: Align with County zoning
— Factor 5: Accommodate projected
population growth
— Factor 6: Align with infrastructure —
Potable Water
— Factor 7: Align with infrastructure —
Roadway Network
— Factor 8: Align with infrastructure —
Wastewater
— Factor 9: Ensure that commercial
designations are appropriate — (MDU)
37
— Factor 10: Ensure that industrial
designations are appropriate and
consistent
More details on these factors can be found in the
CDP Rationale section of the CDP. While these
factors cannot be applied absolutely in every land
use situation, they should be considered as
important criteria when amending the General
Plan.
• Amend General Plan Table 14-5 to reflect the
following LUPAG map amendments:
Papa'ikou, Laupahoehoe-Papa'aloa, and
Pa'auilo should no longer be identified as
LUPAG Industrial areas.
Policy 13
Amend Chapter 25 of the Zoning Code and
Chapter 23 of the Subdivision Code to allow
Clustered Rural Subdivisions as an alternative to
Cluster Plan Developments (C.P.D.) Section 25-6-
20.
Clustered Rural Subdivisions are intended for
areas with rural designations, or that are de -
facto rural areas adjacent to urban zoned areas
(whereas Cluster Plan Developments are intended
for single-family RS zoning district). The
Clustered Rural Subdivision provision would not
be appropriate if the result would create compact
housing developments on agricultural lands
completely separate from existing urban areas
with adequate infrastructure.
Policy 14
Develop incentives for Cluster Plan Developments
and Clustered Rural Subdivisions that leave
natural, open space buffer areas along the
shoreline, streams, and gulches, or adjacent to
forest, conservation areas, or other
culturally/environmentally sensitive areas.
See corresponding Policy g and Policy 13.
Policy 15
To ensure the preservation of historic and cultural
village character, provide technical support to
develop Town Revitalization Plans.
3.1.6 Community Action
Community Action is Develop Town Revitalization
Plans focused on developing guidelines for preserving
historic and cultural character, infrastructure
improvements, developing affordable housing, and
promoting economic revitalization.
38
3.1.7 LUPAG Maps, Figures 2-13
Figure 2: Wainaku/Kaiwiki Land Use Guide Map
Pa rk
'Alae
Cemetery
Ha'aheo
School /9
-a
Wainaku Gym — I AlI"IIv�
)TIA
+
Hamakua CDP
Revised Land Use Guide Map
for Wainaku
LUPAG Designations ! Conservation
Important
Important Ag. Lands �-
Hn sr
F ,
Low Density Urban N
Open Area
Rural
._._� Hamakua CDP Boundary N
Feet
0 250 500 1,000 1,500 2,000
County of Hawaii Planning Department GIS - November 201(
As Recommended By The Hamakua CDP Steering Committee For Adoption by the County of Hawai'i
Section 3: Preferred Land Use & Settlement Patterns
Figure 3: Pauka`a 2015 Proposed LUPAG Map
r F
(Approved for 21 -lot �__ �> 1iOA"
xt11 residential development)3r
t
Future I o���
Park\\
Site -- - . �}�
Hamakua CDP
Revised Land Use Guide Map
for Pauka'a
LUPAG Designations
� a\\ Conservation
Important Ag. Lands
Low Density Urban
- Open Area
z
Rural
Feet
0 250 500 1,000 1,500
County of Hawaii Planning Department GIS - November 2016
40
Figure 4: Papa`ikou Land Use Guide Map
Kalaniana`ole
School
0
H -am akua CDP
Revised Land Use Guide Map
for Papa'ikou
LUPAG Designations
Important Ag. Lands
Industrial
- Low Density Urban
Medium Density Urban
- Open Area Z
Feet
0 250 500 1,000 1,500 2,000
Canty of Hawaii Planning Department GIS - November 2016
L - Pu`deo
-- Plzku
Papa`ikou
Community
Center
41
Kula`imano
Park
xo
i 0
G
Figure 5: Pepe`ekeo Land Use Guide Map
LJ
Pepe`ekeo
Park
1 1
Hamakua CDP
Revised Land Use Guide Map
for Pepe'ekeo
LUPAG Designations
Important Ag. Lands
Industrial
■ Low Density Urban
Medium Density Urban
- Open Area
i❑
IRural
N
Feet
0 250500 1,000 1,500 2,000
2,500
County of Hawaii Planning Department GIS - November
2016
42
Hamakua CDP
Revised Land Use Guide Map
for Honomu
LUPAG Designations
Conservation
Important Ag. Lands
. Low Density Urban
■ Medium Density Urban
- Open Area
i
N
Feet
0 250 500 1,000 1,500
County of Hawaii Planning Department GIS - November 2016
Figure 6: Honomu Land Use Guide Map
43
Figure 7: Hakalau/Wailea Land Use Guide Map
Hamakua CDP
Revised Land Use Guide Map
for Hakalau and Wailea
LUPAG Designations
Conservation
Important Ag. Lands
id Industrial
Low Density Urban
- Open Area N
Feet
0 250 500 1,000 1,500 2,000
County of Hawaii Planning Department GIS - November 2016
Hakalau
Post
Office
Hakalau
^1 Veteran's
Park
44
O
Figure 8: Ninole Land Use Guide Map
Waikauma
Park
Hamakua CDP
Revised Land Use Guide Map
for Ninole
LUPAG Designations
Conservation
Important Ag. Lands
- Open Area
Rural N
Feet
0 250 500 1,000 1,500
County of Haw Wl Planning Department GIS - November 2016
45
Figure 9: Laupahoehoe/Papa`aloa Land Use Guide Map
Hamakua CDP
Revised Land Use Guide Map
for Laupahoehoe/Papa'aloa
Q LUPAG Designations
. Conservation
Important Ag. Lands
Low Density Urban
AMedium Density Urban
Open Area N
Feet
0 500 1,000 2,000 3,000
County of Hawai'i Planning Department CIS - November 201 6
M
Kapehu Camp
Aq F!J
J j
f
1(
iy F�
�y� J
f
O ! 1 l
II
C �
r J
s
Papa aloa
KAA11 0 Pt Park
W.
Figure 10: `O`okala Land Use Guide Map
Hamakua CDP
Revised Land Use Guide Map
for 'O'okala
LUPAG Designations
Conservation
Important Ag. Lands
Industrial ,'A
Low Density Urban N
- Open Area
Feet
0 250 500 1,000 1,500 2,000
County of Hawaii Planning Department GIS - November 207 6
J y
ce
_C
I
Rte, I tat r r Ku ��
t4AWA4 ��
Ho�C)kl
D
LAUPAHOFHOF
�y
M
Figure 11: Pa'auilo Proposed LUPAG Map
Harnakua CDP
Revised Land Use Guide Map
for Pa'auilo
LUPAG Designations
Important Ag. Lands
Industrial
Low Density Urban
Medium Density Urban
rp I Open Area
Feet
0 250 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500
Gym
MEN= Feet
Paauilo
School
48
PA'auhau
0 0.125 025 0.5
Miles
Figure 12: Honoka`a/Haina Proposed LUPAG Map
auhau
Honoka'a
Park
Hamakua
Country
Club
MS,,
O
Hamakua CDP
Revised Land Use Guide Map
for Honoka'a/Haina
LUPAG Designations
Conservation
Important Ag. Lands
- Industrial
Low Density Urban
Medium Density Urban
- Open Area
- Rural Z
Miles
0 0.125 0.25 0.5
County of Hawai'i Planning Department GIS - November 2016
49
Figure 13: Kukuihaele Land Use Guide Map
Hamakua CDP
Revised Land Use Guide Map
for Kukuihaele
LUPAG Designations
Important Ag. Lands
Low Density Urban
- Open Area
N
Feet
0 250 500 1,000
1,500
County of Hawai'i Planning Department GIS - November 2016
i
I� -
�� 1
I
Kukuihaele
Park
Cemetery
c�
HONOKA'A-WAINI'O RD
c
Ola 1 ko woi ko 'opuo
Rain gives life
V Expand the Local System of
Preserves
This section of the CDP guides the expansion of lands
held in public trust, supports landowners
establishing conservation and agricultural easements
and using agricultural and forestry land preservation
programs, and encourages Natural Area Reserves to
pursue acquisition priorities.
4.1.1 Community Objective
Objective 1: Protect, restore, and enhance
watershed ecosystems, sweeping views, and
open spaces from mauka forests to makai
shorelines, while assuring responsible public
access for recreational, spiritual, cultural, and
sustenance practices.
• Objective 2: Protect and restore viable
agricultural lands and resources. Protect and
enhance viewscapes and open spaces that
exemplify Hamakua's rural character.
Objective 3: Encourage community-based
collaborative management plans to assure that
human activities are in harmony with the quality
of Hamakua's unique natural and cultural
landscape.
• Objective 4: Protect and nurture Hamakua's
social and cultural diversity and heritage assets,
including sacred places, historic sites and
buildings, and distinctive plantation towns.
• Objective 5: Direct future settlement patterns
that are sustainable and connected. Honor
Hamakua's historic and cultural assets by
concentrating new development in existing,
walkable, mixed-use town centers while limiting
rural sprawl.
4.1.2 County Action
Through the strategic and collaborative use of the
resources identified in Appendix V4A, the County
should:
Policy 16
Identify and secure in public trust (fee simple or
by easement) priority lands that achieve one or
more of Hamakua's Objectives.
• Seek to use conservation easement or
acquisition opportunities through funding
sources such as PONC, etc., once critical
habitat areas are identified as priorities to
protect.
• Seek to protect with easements or acquire
suitable important coastal lands that would
protect viewsheds, provide the public with
access to scenic viewing areas, or otherwise
promote appropriate coastal recreation and
subsistence.
• Support the efforts of landowners in
establishing conservation and agricultural
easements to preserve important resources
in perpetuity.
See also Policy 48 for a policy related to
prioritizing community accesses in the Hamakua
Planning Area.
As Recommended By The Hamakua CDP Steering Committee For Adoption by the County of Hawai'i
Section 4: Protect and Enhance Natural and Cultural Resources
Policy 17
Support the proposed Hakalau NWR Expansion
Project.
See also:
Policy 43 - Regarding effective management of
watersheds and natural areas
Policy 47 — Regarding trails to forest reserves
4.1.3 Kokua Actior
U.S. Congress
Kokua Action 1:
Appropriate sufficient funding to the Land and
Water Conservation Fund (LWCF) for the U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service to complete the
expansion of the Hakalau Forest National
Wildlife Refuge (NWR).
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Kokua Action 2:
4.2 Protect Coastal Resources
This section of the CDP protects coastal resources
with the CDP Land Use Guide Map, shoreline
setbacks, the Special Management Area, and
encourages the State to strengthen protections and
the community to engage in coastal land use
decisions.
Continue to pursue acquisition or cooperative
management of the six parcels identified in the
Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge Land
Protection Plan and Environmental Assessme
Please see the Environmental Assessmen ere:
http://www.fws.gov/uploadedFiles/Region 1/NWR
/Zone 1/Big Island Complex/Hakalau Forest/PDFs/
Hakalau%20Forest%20NWR%20FInal%20LPP-EA.pdf
4.1.4 Community Actio I%k 'J
Community Action is Establish acquisition priorities,
using PONC criteria, and secure priority lands.
• Partner with existing Hawai'i Land Trusts to
acquire land through conservation easements
and acquisition to ensure view shed protection;
• Identify appropriate critical habitat areas
needing further protection as priority areas
through PONC criteria to protect through
easement or acquisition mechanisms;
z.1 Community Objective
Objective 1: Protect, restore, and enhance
watershed ecosystems, sweeping views, and
open spaces from mauka forests to makai
shorelines, while assuring responsible public
access for recreational, spiritual, cultural, and
sustenance practices.
Objective 2: Protect and restore viable
agricultural lands and resources. Protect and
enhance viewscapes and open spaces that
exemplify Hamakua's rural character.
Objective 3: Encourage community-based
collaborative management plans to assure that
human activities are in harmony with the quality
of Hamakua's unique natural and cultural
landscape.
Objective 4: Protect and nurture Hamakua's
social and cultural diversity and heritage assets,
including sacred places, historic sites and
buildings, and distinctive plantation towns.
4.2.2 Existing Polk
Land Use Policy Intent
Protect the shoreline from the encroachment of
man-made improvements and structures. (GP
8.3(d))
Maintain the shoreline for recreational,
cultural, education, and/or scientific uses in a
manner that is protective of resources and is of
the maximum benefit to the general public. (GP
8.3(c))
52
• Encourage those developments that are not
coastal dependent to locate in inland areas.
(HRS 205A-2(c)(3(D))
Land Use Policy Controls
• Outstanding natural or cultural features, such
as scenic spots, water courses, fine groves of
trees, heiau, and historical sites and structures,
shall be preserved during subdivision. (HCC 23-
26)
4.2.3 Land Use Policy
Policy 18
Development in the SMA, including subdivision,
shall only be approved if it is first found that it
will not have any substantial adverse
environmental or ecological effect. (HRS 205A-
22(3) & 205A-26(2) (A))
Pursuant to Planning Commission (PC) Rule 9-
10(b)(5) & (11), and in order for the Planning
Director to accurately evaluate whether the
proposed action will have a substantial advers
effect, pursuant to PC Rule 9-4(e)(4), the
Director shall require that SMA Use Permit
Assessment and Use Permit applications include
all of the information necessary to assess the
proposed activity's impacts in the Special
Management Area, including but not limited to:
A description of the environmental settin
and natural resources in the area, including
an assessment of impacts on rare,
threatened, or endangered species or their
habitat and on fresh and coastal water
quality (PC Rule 9-10(b)(5)(A) & (6) and 9-
10(h)(7), (8), & (9));
A description of valued cultural resources
or historical sites in the area, including the
extent to which traditional and customary
native Hawaiian rights are exercised in the
area (PC Rule 9-10(b)(6) & (h)(1));
• An assessment of impacts on coastal scenic
and open space resources and view planes,
including those outlined in the General
Plan, the Community Development Plan,
and other adopted plans, as well as the line
of sight toward the sea from the state
highway nearest the coast and along the
shoreline (HRS 205A -2(b)(3) (A), HRS 205A-
2(c)(3)(B), HRS 205A -26(3)(E), and PC Rule
9-10(h)(1));
• Identification and detailed information of
existing public access to and along the
shoreline to the specifications required by
Na Ala Hele (PC Rule 9-10(b)(10));
An assessment of impacts on hazard risk,
including flooding, tsunami, and coastal
erosion and/or sea level rise over the life of
the development (PC Rule 9-10(h)(9));
A description of the relationship of the
proposed action to land use plans, policies,
and control of the affected area, including
the General Plan and Community
Development Plan (PC Rule 9-10(b)(5)(13)).
Identify specific measures to mitigate risks
associated with coastal hazards, protect
sensitive coastal and cultural resources, and
ensure public access (HRS 205-A)
Any development permitted, including those
determined to be exempt from the definition of
development in Planning Commission Rule 9
(pursuant to Planning Commission Rule 9-10(e)
& (g)), shall be subject to terms and conditions
to achieve CZM and CDP objectives and policies,
including conditions that protect natural,
cultural, historic, and recreational resources;
preserve agricultural land, open space, and view
planes; ensure access; mitigate impacts of
coastal hazards; limit coastal development; and
concentrate new development (particularly if it
is not coastal dependent) on vacant land in
town/village centers (before converting
agricultural land to residential uses), and
discouraging speculative residential
53
development. Conditions could include but not
be limited to setbacks, restrictions on artificial
light, lateral and mauka-makai access
requirements, dedication of conservation and
trail corridor easements, cooperation with
efforts to manage access and use of coastal
resources, minimizing the number of lots
abutting or near the shoreline, and maximizing
the use of land in the State Land Use Urban
district and/or urban LUPAG categories.
4.2.4 County Action
Policy 19
Amend Planning Department Rule 11 to establish
shoreline setbacks for the Hamakua CDP
Planning Area at the earliest stages of the land
use planning and development process. The
minimum shoreline setback from the top of cliff
shall be either:
a) A minimum of 40 feet from the top of cliff, in
addition to a distance equal to the average
elevation of the top of cliff within the
subject parcel; or,
b) A minimum of 40 feet from the top of cliff, in
addition to a distance equal to the
anticipated 100 years of erosion as
determined by a coastal erosion study. This
study, including a cliff stability analysis
and/or a geological analysis, shall be
conducted by a licensed engineer.
This policy shall only apply to properties that are
located within the Special Management Area
and abutting or within five hundred feet of the
shoreline. For lots created (final subdivision
approval or a legal lot of record as determined
by the Planning Department) prior to the date of
adoption of the Hamakua CDP with an average
lot depth of two hundred feet or less, the
shoreline setback line shall be a minimum of 40
feet from top of cliff.
See also Policy 21 related to determining 'top of
cliff' and also Policy 22 and section 4.2.5 K6kua
Action, #3.
Policy 20
Develop objective guidelines for determining and
defining the "top of cliff". (HRS 205A-1, and HAIR
Section 13-222-2, Planning Department Rule 11.)
Add references to "top of cliff" to Criteria for
Shoreline Setback Variances in Planning
Commission Rule 8.
The County of Hawai'i 's current working
definition of "top of cliff" is as follows: The "top
of the pali" (top edge of the sea cliff) is defined
to be the highest elevation along the seaward
boundary of a property where the relative
change in the slope of the terrain towards the
sea is in excess of twice the general slope
towards the sea of the terrain along this highest
elevation and that the terrain: (1) has a general
slope seaward of not more than 10%; (2) is
reasonably safe for pedestrian access to and
along its length; and (3) does not show evidence
of being periodically exposed to natural
elements, including but not limited to, high surf,
wind and rain, to the extent that the ground is
essentially devoid of naturally occurring
vegetation.
Policy 21
Seek funding and support continued scientific
research relating to coastal hazards (e.g.
research on erosion rates, slumping rates, slope
stability studies, sea -level rise rates, tsunami
inundation mapping and coastal stream flood
mapping, etc.).
See related section, 4.2.5 K6kua Action, #5 and
section 4.6.5 K6kua Action.
Policy 22
To further protect coastal resources in the
Special Management Area, review SMA
54
boundaries in the Hamakua Planning Area and
initiate appropriate amendments;
Consider proximity to coastline and assess
vulnerabilities to coastal changes;
Consider including within the SMA
boundaries appropriate near -shore riparian
corridors.
Consider SMA boundary amendments to
further protect known recreational, historic,
open space, ecosystem, beach, near -shore
riparian, and/or marine resources as well as
scenic views toward the coastline from the
highway.
See also:
Policy 14: Develop incentives for Cluster Plan
Developments and Clustered Rural Subdivisions
in coastal areas that leave natural, open
buffer areas along the shoreline. 14
Policy 49: Where possible through permit
conditions, easements, or acquisitions, the
County of Hawai'i shall establish public access:
to and along the shoreline to significant historic
sites, public transit along the top of cliff,
streams, mauka trails, facilities, sites forilEalb
gathering, hunting, and other recreational
purposes.
Policy 47, bullet point 11: In co-sponsorship with
the State when possible, acquire land for public
access to historic sites and objects and to the
shoreline where safe transit does not already
exist. (HRS §115-2 & 7; GP 6.3(d))
4.2.5 Kokua Action
Department of Land and Natural Resources
Kokua Action 3:
Amend Hawai'i Administrative Rule (HAR),
Section 13-322-2 to include "top of cliff" in the
definition of shoreline.
Kokua Action 4:
Amend HAIR 13-5-40(b) to require that public
hearings before the State Land Use Commission
either be held in the judicial district in which the
land is located, or be live web streamed with the
ability for testimony to be taken live from the
streamed location.
Various Agencies: DLNR, NOAH, UH Sea Grant
Kokua Action 5:
Prioritize research projects to better understand:
Bluff Conditions
Shoreline Movement (including the effects
of climate change on shoreline movement)
Site-specific estimates of sea level rise
impacts
See also Kokua Actions under 4.6.5 Kokua Actions.
.6 C10munity Action
Community Action 3: Develop a coastal resource
management plan as part of watershed
management plans.
Community Action 4: Support the organization of a
community-based hui for the fisher people of the
Hamakua Coast.
4.3 Protect Agricultural Lands & Open
Space
See also Section 6.2 Strengthening Local Agriculture
for policies supporting agriculture from an economic
perspective.
This section of the CDP protects agricultural land and
open space from non-agricultural development with
the CDP Land Use Guide Map, stronger farm
dwelling regulations, minimum lot sizes, tax
incentive programs, development of transfer of
development rights (TDR), land bank programs, and
State Important Agricultural Land designations.
55
4.3.1 Community Objective
• Objective 1: Protect, restore, and enhance
watershed ecosystems, sweeping views, and
open spaces from mauka forests to makai
shorelines, while assuring responsible public
access for recreational, spiritual, cultural, and
sustenance practices.
• Objective 2: Protect and restore viable
agricultural lands and resources. Protect and
enhance viewscapes and open spaces that
exemplify Hamakua's rural character.
• Objective 5: Direct future settlement patterns
that are sustainable and connected. Honor
Hamakua's historic and cultural assets by
concentrating new development in existing,
walkable, mixed-use town centers while limiting
rural sprawl.
4.3.2 Existing Policy
Land Use Policy Intent
Land Use Policy Controls
• Vacant lands in urban areas and urban
expansion areas should be made available for
residential uses before additional agricultural
lands are converted into residential uses. (GP
9.3(x))
•
Importan t Agricultural lands shall not be rezoned
to parcels too small to support economically
viable farming units. (GP 14.2.3(s))
4.3.3 Use Policy
Policy 23
To preserve the agricultural character of
Hamakua and to reinforce existing protections,
the official Hamakua CDP Land Use Guide Map
designates agricultural lands in the Hamakua
Planning Area to be preserved for agriculture
and open space. Development and construction
in "Important Agricultural Land" and "Extensive
Agriculture" areas shall be limited to agriculture,
related economic infrastructure and cottage
industries, renewable energy, open area
recreational uses, and community facilities
unless otherwise permitted by law.
• Conserve and protect agricu tura lands. (State
Constitution Article XI, Section 3)
• Assist the further development of agriculture
through the protection of important agricultural
lands. (GP 2.3 (s))
• Protect and encourage the intensive and
extensive utilization of the County's important
agricultural lands (GP 14.1.2(b)) IV
• Identify, protect and maintain important
agriculture lands on the island of Hawai'i. (GP
14.2.2(a))
• Designate, protect and maintain important
agricultural lands from urban encroachment. (GP
14.2.3 (i))
• Ensure that development of important
agricultural land be primarily for agricultural use.
(GP 14.2.3 (j))
• Discourage speculative residential development
on agricultural lands. (GP 14.2.3 (t))
For more information on permitted uses in State
Agricultural District and County Agricultural Zone
see HRS sections 205-2 and 205-4.5, and HCC
section 25-2-60 for information on use permits in
the Agricultural Zone.
Policy 24
When considering applications to consolidate
and resubdivide pre-existing lots of record, the
Director of Planning shall endeavor to keep the
lot sizes consistent with the minimum lot size,
and only permit lots less than one acre in the
State Land Use Agriculture District and the
County of Hawai'i Agricultural District if the
applicant clearly demonstrates that an
unreasonable economic hardship cannot
otherwise be prevented or land utilization is
W
improved relative to the objectives and policies
of the CDP. (HRS 205-5(b); (GP 14.2.3(s)).
Policy 25
The Planning Commission shall include in any
Special Permit approval (or recommendation for
approval to the State Land Use Commission)
appropriate performance conditions to achieve
CDP objectives and implement CDP policies. (HRS
205-6(c) and Planning Commission Rules 6-
3(a)(5)(G), 6-7, & 6-8).
Policy 26
Educate landowners interested in subdividing
agricultural lands on the option to subdivide as a
farm subdivision pursuant to Hawai'i County
Code section 23-112.
4.3.4 County Action
Policy 27
Amend the Zoning Code Section 25-2-71 to
require Plan Approval for commercial open area
recreational uses in the "Important Agriculture
Land" and "Extensive Agriculture" designations.
Policy 28
Recommend lands to be designated State
Important Agricultural Lands to the State Land
Use Commission. (GP 14.2.2(a) & 14.2.3(i))
Policy 29
Revise Planning Commission Rule 6, and/or to
the Special Permit Application form (for Special
Permits in the Agricultural District) to include
clarity on the potential impacts to be evaluated
in the application process and to clearly
articulate the types of mitigating conditions that
may be required. (HRS 205-6(c) and Planning
Commission Rules 6-3(a)(5)(G), 6-7, & 6-8).
For examples of conditions, look for applicable
conditions used in the Concurrency
Requirements from HCC 25-2-46 and Agricultural
Tourism, HCC 25-2-75 and 25-4-15.
Policy 30
Amend the County Code and associated Planning
Department Rules to establish reporting and
inspection requirements, as well as enforcement
for additional farm dwellings to ensure that
dwellings are used for farm -related purposes.
Policy 31
Update the County of Hawai'i's property tax
reduction programs to ensure that public tax
incentives for agricultural land uses result in
public benefits and promote agricultural land use
and production.
Policy 32
Conduct a feasibility study for a County -wide
Transfer of Development Rights (TDR) and/or
Save Land for the Future (SLF) program. If
feasible, adopt any necessary enabling County
legislation. (HRS Section 5146-136)
See also:
Policy 16 regarding securing priority lands in
trust; and
Policy 54: Provide a tax credit for the perpetual
conservation of taro systems on private land (i.e.
agricultural, conservation or cultural easements)
for owners and lessees who enter into long term
agreements (20 years) to rehabilitate taro
systems to active use.
4.3.5 Kokua Action
Hawai'i State Legislature:
Kokua Action 6:
Appropriate funds to the County of Hawai'i to
develop recommendations of lands to be
designated Important Agricultural Lands.
Kokua Action 7:
Pass legislation enabling land banks that
counties can use to acquire tax -delinquent
57
properties and use them to preserve agricultural
land and open space.
4.3.6 Community Action
Community Action 5: Educate landowners about
agriculture, ranch, and forestry land preservation
programs and encourage participation in these
programs.
4.4 Protect Mauka Forests
This section of the CDP designates the mauka and
forest region as preserved for conservation and open
space. It also points to various other sections of the
CDP for mauka resource protections, trail
development and access, summit management, and
expanding land preserves.
4.4.1 Community Objective
Objective 1: Protect, restore, and enhance
watershed ecosystems, sweeping views, and
open spaces from mauka forests to makai
shorelines, while assuring responsible public
access for recreational, spiritual, cultural, and
sustenance practices.
Objective 3: Protect and nurture Hamakua's
social and cultural diversity and heritage assets,
including sacred places, historic sites and
buildings, and distinctive plantation towns.
• Objective 5: Direct future settlement patterns
that are sustainable and connected. Honor
Hamakua's historic and cultural assets by
concentrating new development in existing,
walkable, mixed-use town centers while limiting
rural sprawl.
4.4.2 Existing Policy
Land Use Policy Intent
Protect and conserve forest and coastal areas
with native wildlife, natural ecosystems, and
wilderness. (Refer to General Plan 8.2 Goals, 8.3
Policies, and 8.4 Standards)
Land Use Policy Controls
• Outstanding natural or cultural features, such as
scenic spots, water courses, fine groves of trees,
heiau, and historical sites and structures, shall be
preserved during subdivision. (HCC 23-26)
Plan approval and related conditions shall
consider forest and coastal ecosystems,
agricultural lands, open space, viewscapes, areas
of natural beauty, archeological and historic
sites, and historic buildings when assuring that
proper siting is provided for, proper landscaping
is provided, unsightly areas are properly
screened or eliminated, and natural and man-
made features of community value are
preserved. (HCC 25-2-77(a) & 76)
Policy
33
To reinforce existing protections, the official
Hamakua CDP Land Use Guide Map designates
mauka regions and forests in Hamakua to be
Conservation, and directs mauka areas to remain
primarily as open space to be preserved,
protected, and connected to the region's rich
network of natural and cultural resources.
Development and construction in mauka
"Conservation" areas shall be minimized and,
when necessary, limited to recreation, research,
and education facilities unless otherwise
permitted by law.
See also:
Policy 49: Where possible through permit
conditions, easements, or acquisitions, the
County of Hawai'i shall establish public access:
to and along the shoreline to significant historic
sites, public transit along the top of cliff,
streams, mauka trails, facilities, sites for
M
gathering, hunting, and other recreational
purposes.
4.4.4 County Action
See
Policy 17: Support the proposed Hakalau NWR
Expansion Project.
Policy 38: Amend the Zoning Code to create a
conservation designation for lands (or portions
thereof) that should be kept in a largely natural
state, but that may not be in the Conservation
District, such as certain important viewsheds,
riparian buffer areas, gulches, and very steep
slopes.
See also Section 4.8 Establish and Mana
Public Access for policies relating to mauka
forest access issues, such as:
Policy 47, #10: Work with State agencies
(particularly with DOFAW) to coordinate, survey,
develop, and manage public trails and roads
leading to forest reserves. (GP 12.3 (u))
4.4.5 K6kua Action
See K6kua Actions in Section 4.1.3 and:
State Office of Planning
See: K6kua Action 16: Review and designate
forest and watershed areas into the
conservation district during State Land Use
boundary comprehensive reviews. (GP 8.3 (m))
4.4.6 Community Actio
See also:
Community Action 2
Communitv Action 4
Community Action 8
Communitv Action 9
And see Section 4.8 Establish and Manage Public
Access for Community Actions related to public
access of forest lands.
4.5 Preserve Scenic Areas and
Viewsheds
This section of the CDP protects open space, natural
areas, recognized areas of natural beauty, and scenic
viewsheds with permitting controls and by
prioritizing viewshed identification and regulations,
scenic overlooks, and scenic routes.
4.5.1 CommunitQVIective
• Objective 1: Protect, restore, and enhance
watershed ecosystems, sweeping views, and
open spaces from mauka forests to makai
shorelines, while assuring responsible public
access for recreational, spiritual, cultural, and
sustenance practices.
Obiective 2: Protect and restore viable
agricultural lands and resources. Protect and
enhance viewscapes and open spaces that
exemplify Hamakua's rural character
;.i Existing Policy
Land Use Policy Intent
• Do not allow incompatible construction in areas
of natural beauty. (GP 7.3(i))
• Protect, preserve and enhance the quality of
areas endowed with natural beauty, including
the quality of coastal scenic resources. (GP 7.2
(a))
• Maximize opportunities for present and future
generations to appreciate and enjoy natural and
scenic beauty. (GP 7.2 (c))
• Protect and effectively manage Hawai'i's open
space, watersheds, shoreline, and natural areas.
(GP 8.2 (e))
• Provide and protect open space for the social,
environmental, and economic well-being of the
County of Hawai'i and its residents. (GP 14.8.2
(a))
Land Use Policy Controls
Zoning, subdivision and other applicable
ordinances shall provide for and protect open
space areas. (GP 14.8.3 (d))
Plan approval and related conditions shall
consider forest and coastal ecosystems,
agricultural lands, open space, viewscapes, areas
of natural beauty, archeological and historic
sites, and historic buildings when assuring that
proper siting is provided for, proper landscaping
is provided, unsightly areas are properly
screened or eliminated, and natural and man -
made features of community value are
preserved. (HCC 25-2-77(a) & 76)
Outstanding natural or cultural features, such as
scenic spots, water courses, fine groves of trees,
heiau, and historical sites and structures, shall be
preserved during subdivision. (HCC 23-26)
See also (HRS 205A-2(b)(3)(B), HRS 205-26,
Char
4.5.3 La
Policy 34
In the Hamakua CDP Planning Area, the
environmental report for proposed changes of
zone on property that may impact open space,
view planes, and areas of natural beauty shall
include viewshed analysis and, as appropriate,
line -of -sight analysis and propose conditions to
mitigate scenic impacts. (HCC 25-2-42)
Policy 35
In the Hamakua CDP Planning Area, applications
for Special Permits that may impact open space,
viewshed, and areas of natural beauty shall
include view plane and, as appropriate, line -of -
sight analysis and proposed performance
conditions to mitigate scenic impacts. (Planning
Commission Rule 6-3(a)(5)(G), 6-7, & 6-8)
Policy 36
In the Hamakua CDP Planning Area, applications
for Use Permits for wind energy facilities and
telecommunications antennas and towers shall
include viewshed and, as appropriate, line -of -
sight analysis to demonstrate how the request
does not cause substantial, adverse impact to
the community's character, including open
space, public views, and areas of natural and
scenic beauty, and proposed conditions to
mitigate scenic impacts. (HCC 25-2-60 & 64)
Encourage the use of place -appropriate
wireless concealment strategies in the
development or upgrading of
telecommunication towers as a way to
mitigate visual impacts (e.g., cell towers
disguised as palm trees).
See also:
Policy 109: If the most suitable and reasonable
location for utility lines (power and
communications) is underground for the
purpose of preserving viewshed resources, then
underground siting of utility lines should be a
condition of subdivision. (HCC§23-55, GP 11.3.2
(a), 11.3.3)
4.5.4 County Action
Policy 37
Develop and establish viewshed regulations to
preserve and to protect from obstruction scenic
resources, vistas, viewsheds, open space,
prominent landscapes, and areas of natural
beauty identified in the General Plan.
• Conduct a scenic resources inventory and
map for the Hamakua Planning Area;
• Develop a corridor management plan to
direct viewshed protections along roadways;
MM
Consider structural setbacks from major
thoroughfares and highways to protect
viewshed.
(Charter 13-29, HRS 205A, GP 7.2(a), 7.2(b),
7.3(b), 7.3(e), 7.3(f), 7.3(h), 7.3(i), & 14.8.3(d))
Policy 38
Amend the Zoning Code to create a conservation
designation for lands (or portions thereof) that
should be kept in a largely natural state, but that
may not be in the Conservation District, such as
certain important viewsheds, riparian buffer
areas, gulches, and very steep slopes. (GP 14.8.3
(e))
Policy 39
Assess siting options for and develop new scenic
lookouts along Highway 19 (work with State
DOT) and along the Old Mamalahoa Highway as
4.5.5 Kokua Actior
Department of Land and Natural Resources, Land
Division
Kokua Action 8:
Consider viewshed corridors for mountain and
ocean views while negotiating leases along the
Highway, such as timber leases.
Department of Transportation
Kokua Action 9:
rioritize maintaining the views at scenic
overlooks with a frequently maintained
vegetation management program. Coordinate
this work with regular roadway vegetation
management maintenance program.
Kokua Action 10:
appropriate to ensure important views (coastal, Assess siting options for and develop new scenic
mountain, and waterfall) are preserved from lookouts along Highway as appropriate to ensure
development and that there are various ocean, mountain, agricultural/pastoral, and
opportunities to view these scenic resources
throughout the three districts of the Hamaku
Planning Area. (GP 7.3(c))
Policy 40
Prioritize maintaining the views at sce
overlooks with a frequently maintained
vegetation management program. Coordir
this work with regular roadway vegetation
management maintenance program.
waterfall views are preserved from
a development.
Kokua Action 11:
Consider adding/improving viewing locations
Current scenic overlooks in the Planning Area are
located in:
• Laupahoehoe on Highway 19;
• Onomea Scenic Route;
• Waipi'o Valley Lookout
See also:
Policy 53 for related policies on protecting
viewsheds of Waipi'o Valley.
and interpretive signage near the scenic bridges
for safe parking and views of the areas'
waterfalls and coastline and along Saddle Road
(Route 200) for views of the summit. Work with
the Hawai'i Tourism authority to improve
signage on the Highway and identify safe
viewing locations.
61
4.5.6 Community Actior
Community Action 6: Educate residents on scenic
viewshed importance and alternatives to tall,
vegetative wind -breaks that impact viewsheds.
Community Action 7: Support the development and
promotion of a Heritage Corridor, and/or sections of
the Old Mamalahoa Highway as Scenic Byways.
See also:
Community Action 2: Establish acquisition
priorities, using PONC criteria, and secure
priority lands.
4.6 Protect and Enhance Ecosystems
and Watersheds
This section of the CDP encourages increasing 61
County capacity and participation in watershed
planning and the collaborative development an
implementation of resource management plans
the enforcement necessary to protect ecosystei
6.1 Community Objective
Objective 1: Protect, restore, and enhance
watershed ecosystems, sweeping views, an
open spaces from mauka forests to makai
shorelines, while assuring responsible public
• Protect and conserve forest and coastal areas
with native wildlife, natural ecosystems, and
wilderness. (Refer to General Plan 8.2 Goals, 8.3
Policies, and 8.4 Standards)
• Protect rare or endangered species and habitats
native to Hawai'i. (GP 8.2 (d));
• Protect and effectively manage Hawai'i's open
space, watersheds, shoreline, and natural areas.
(GP 8.2 (e))
• Protect and preserve forest, water, natural and
scientific reserves and open areas. (GP 14.1.2 (c))
access for recreational, spiritual, cultural, and
sustenance practices. IV
• Objective 2: Protect and restore viable
agricultural lands and resources. Protect and
enhance viewscapes and open spaces that
exemplify Hamakua's rural character.
Objective 3: Encourage community-based
collaborative management plans to assure that
human activities are in harmony with the
quality of Hamakua's unique natural and
cultural landscape.
4.6.2 Existing Policy
Land Use Policy Intent
Protect designated natural areas. (GP 14.8.2 (b))
Promote sound management and development
of Hawai'i's land and marine resources for
potential economic benefit. (GP 8.3 (g))
Encourage public and private agencies to
manage the natural resources in a manner that
avoids or minimizes adverse effects on the
environment and depletion of energy and natural
resources to the fullest extent. (GP 8.3 (h))
Encourage an overall conservation ethic in the
use of Hawai'i's resources by protecting,
preserving, and conserving the critical and
significant natural resources of the County of
Hawai'i. (GP 8.3(i))
Land Use Policy Controls
• Ensure that alterations to existing land forms,
vegetation, and construction of structures cause
minimum adverse effect to water resources, and
scenic and recreational amenities and minimum
danger of floods, landslides, erosion, siltation or
failure in the event of an earthquake. (GP 8.2 (f))
Plan approval and related conditions shall
consider forest and coastal ecosystems,
agricultural lands, open space, viewscapes, areas
of natural beauty, archeological and historic
sites, and historic buildings when assuring that
proper siting is provided for, proper landscaping
is provided, unsightly areas are properly
62
screened or eliminated, and natural and man-
made features of community value are
preserved. (HCC 25-2-77(a) & 76)
Require implementation of the management
measures contained in Hawai'i's Coastal
Nonpoint Pollution Control Program as a
condition of land use permitting. (GP 4.3 (k))
4.6.3 County Action
Policy 41
Develop and adopt policies (including setback
requirements) to protect riparian (streamside)
areas from incompatible development and uses.
Policy 42
Increase capacity to provide education and
outreach and enforce conditions on grading and
grubbing permits to require screen planting,
erosion control planting, or other treatments tcl
maintain the good appearance of gra
reduce the detrimental impact on adj
properties, and protect watersheds.
(c))
Policy 43
No
To further watershed management g
collaborate with the Department of h
Mauna Kea Watershed Alliance, the USDA
2.
3.
4.
Natural Resource Conservation Service, and th
Soil and Water Conservation District to reduce
runoff, maximize soil and water conservation,
and protect and effectively manage watersheds
and natural areas. (HRS 342D, HAR 11-54-3, GP
4.3(g), 5.2(e) & (f), 5.3(e), (n), & (o), and 8.2(e) &
(J))
The County could participate in watershed
planning in the following ways:
1. Build staff capacity and provide training to
support development and implementation of
stream management plans;
Initiate a conservation planning process for
priority watersheds with Conservation
Technical Assistance (CTA) from NRCS;
Enter into a partnership agreement with the
Mauna Kea Watershed Alliance via MOU
Process;
Work with partners such as UH Hilo, Hawai'i
Community College, Hawai'i County
Research and Development, Soil and Water
Conservation Districts, and Kohala Center on
a pilot program to train UH/HCC students to
assist with Conservation Planning. (GP 8.3
(e), (k), (j), (/)),-
Support
I));Support best management practices through
various regulatory review processes
conducted by the department; such as farm
dwelling permits and conservation permits,
and through environmental reviews of
publicly leased lands,
Identify streams and stream corridors as
candidates for further protections, and once
identified, prioritize and seek to acquire
corridors for further management;
Collaborate with the Waipi'o Valley
community in implementing the Waipi'o
Valley Stream Management Plan.
ie above actions can be implemented
dependently of each other and do not reflect
ioritization by their listing order. The goal of
tris policy is that the County becomes actively
involved in watershed planning.
Policy 44
To further ecosystem protections, revise Planning
Department Rule 17, Landscaping Requirements,
to incorporate and encourage native and
noninvasive alternatives for landscaping and
restoration activities for Plan Review and County
projects and to include the noxious weed list
from Hawai'i Administrative Rules 4-68 as plants
to avoid.
Collaborate with the Big Island Invasive
Committee (BIISC) and the University of Hawai'i
to determine which native and noninvasive
plants to include with this rule revision.
63
See also:
Policy 38: Amend the Zoning Code to create a
conservation designation for lands (or portions
thereof) that should be kept in a largely natural
state, but that may not be in the Conservation
District, such as certain important viewsheds,
riparian buffer areas, gulches, and very steep
slopes. GP 14.8.3 (e)
Policy 87: Ensure that County Recycling and
Transfer Station Facilities are complying with
best management practices to ensure pollutants
are not contaminating natural resources such as
soil, streams, and near coastal waters, especially
during periods of heavy rainfall. (GP 4.3 (b) & (h),
HRS §58.1-31)
4.6.5 Kokua Action
State Office of Planning
Kokua Action 16:
Review and designate forest and watershed
areas into the conservation district during State
Land Use boundary comprehensive reviews. (GP
8.3 (m))
State of Hawaii Legislature
Kokua Action 17:
Provide the Department of Land and Natural
Resources (DLNR) the resources necessary to
actively support local Soil and Water
Conservation Districts (SWCD). (HRS Chapter
180).
Kokua Action 18:
For additional policies and kokua actions relating to Provide assistance and funding for control and
coastal protections, please see 4.2 Protect Coastal bol management of Little Fire Ant infestations within
Resources. , the Hamakua Planning Area.
State of Hawal'I Department of Land �� "'�` �� 'United States Congress
Resources 1k
Kokua Action 12:
Update Hawai'i Stream Assessment (HAS).
Kokua Action
Develop place -based marine protected
plans for priority areas.
State of Hawaii Department of
Water Branch
Kokua Action 14:
Complete a comprehensive water quality
monitoring program for the Planning Area's
coastal waters.
Kokua Action 15:
Prioritize developing Total Maximum Daily Loads
(TMDLs) for Impaired Streams. (Clean Water Act
§ 303 (d)
Kokua Action 19:
Provide sufficient funding to the Department of
Agriculture (USDA), Natural Resource
Conservation Service (NRCS), Pacific Islands Area
(PIA), the Farm Service Agency, and the Fish and
Wildlife Service (FWS) to adequately implement
critical conservation programs.
4.6.6 Community Actior
Community Action 8: Collaborate with Mauna Kea
Watershed Alliance, the County, and appropriate
State and Federal agencies in developing and
implementing watershed management plans and
projects.
• Ensure that Native Hawaiian practitioners
directly tied to the subject area are consulted
while developing or implementing natural
resource plans in culturally sensitive areas.
64
Community Action 9: Partner with the Coordinating
Group on Alien Pest Species and the Big Island
Invasive Species Committee in managing invasive
species.
Community Action io: Promote soil and water
conservation best practices.
4.7 Protect and Enhance Cultural Assets
This section of the CDP prioritizes the preservation
of historic buildings and roads and the development Review and comment by DLNR's State Historic
of historic streetscapes and rural road standards. It Preservation Division (SHPD) shall be requested
also guides community -led efforts to restore historic for any permit or entitlement for use that may
sites and buildings, retain village and town affect any building, structure, object, district,
character, and document oral, written, and video area, or site that is over fifty years old (HRS
histories.
4.7.2 Existing Policy
Land Use Policy Controls
• Protect all rights, customarily and traditionally
exercised for subsistence, cultural and religious
purposes and possessed by ahupua'a tenants
who are descendants of native Hawaiians who
inhabited the Hawaiian Islands prior to 1778,
subject to the right of the State to regulate such
rights. (Hawai'i State Constitution, Article 12,
section 7)
4.7.1 Community Objective
Objective 1: Protect, restore, and enhance
watershed ecosystems, sweeping views, and
open spaces from mauka forests to makai
shorelines, while assuring responsible public
access for recreational, spiritual, cultural, and
sustenance practices.
Objective 3: Encourage community-based qM
collaborative management plans to assure that
human activities are in harmony with the
quality of Hamakua's unique natural and
cultural landscape. im
Objective 4: Protect and nurture Hamakua's
social and cultural diversity and heritage assets,
including sacred places, historic sites and
buildings, and distinctive plantation towns.
• Objective 13:... Promote Hawaii's host culture
and Hamakua's heritage, including historic
roads and plantation towns, and festivals that
celebrate our rich multi -cultural music, art, and
agriculture.
Section 6E-42)
The development of commercial facilities should
be designed to fit into the locale with minimal
intrusion while providing the desired services.
Appropriate infrastructure and design concerns
shall be incorporated into the review of such
developments. (GP 14.3.3 (f))
Other Planning Initiatives:
Identify and protect places, features, and sacred
spaces that give Hawai'i its unique character and
cultural significance. (Hawai'i 2050 Sustainability
Plan, 2008)
4.7.3 Land Use Policy
See:
Policy 7: In the official Land Use Guide Map for
the Hamakua Planning Area, in the "Low Density
Urban" (LDU) category, in those cases where
provisions of the zoning and subdivision code
are inconsistent with the character of
surrounding neighborhoods, variances or PUDs
that maintain consistent village/town character
shall be encouraged.
65
4.7.4 County Action
Policy 45
Protect, restore, and enhance the sites, buildings,
and objects of significant historical and cultural
importance to Hawai'i and identify these sites
with interpretive signage and/or other
appropriate methods. (GP 6.2(a)) (GP 6.3 (h), (i),
(g))
Kokua Action 21:
Encourage the State's implementation of the
'Aha Moku System.
4.7.6 Community Action
Community Action ii: Document the Mo'olelo of
Hamakua using resources outlined in oral history,
hula, chant, and other sources.
needs, when improving existing roads or designations.
developing new roads in the Hamakua CDP Community Action 14• Develop, promote, and
Planning Area, road design may follow rural road maintain the continuity of community festivals &
standards, including standards relating to events.
pavement width and (lack of) curbs, sidewalks,
or paved shoulders and swales. (HCC 23-41, 86,
& 87; GP 13.2.3(1) and 13.2.3 (m))4,8 Establish and Manage Public Access
Policy 127: Encourage and assist in the 1% and Trails
promotion of festivals and events that celebrate
regional culture, heritage,and agriculture.
4.7.5 K6kua Actioi
State Legislature
Kokua Action 20:
Following HRS 6E, provide the Department of
Land and Natural resources sufficient staff and
funding for the State Historic Preservation
Division to fulfill its mandates.
Department of Land and Natural Resources
This section of the CDP prioritizes a County public
access program, directs appropriate public access to
the shoreline and mauka forests, and guides
community -led access management.
4.8.1 Community Objective
Community Objective 1: Protect, restore, and
enhance watershed ecosystems, sweeping
views, and open spaces from mauka forests to
makai shorelines, while assuring responsible
public access for recreational, spiritual, cultural,
and sustenance practices.
r. •
• Work with the Hawaii Tourism Authority (HTA)
Policy 46
and possibly seek assistance through the County
Support the development and promotion of
Product Enrichment Program (CPEP) to develop
Heritage Corridors as part of a coordinated effort
appropriate cultural signage for moku and
to promote the roadways and towns of the
ahupua'a boundaries.
Hamakua Planning Area. GP 6.3 (1)
Community Action 12: Identify and inventory
• Coordinate this effort with Policy 128
important sites, map resources and make
relating to the State Scenic Byway Program.
recommendations to County Cultural Resource
See also:
Commission for sites.
Policy 73: As appropriate to maintain community
Community Action 13: Develop and implement
character while also accommodating drainage,k
place -based strategies to retain village and town
walkability maintenance and other site-specific
character, including alternatives to Historic District
needs, when improving existing roads or designations.
developing new roads in the Hamakua CDP Community Action 14• Develop, promote, and
Planning Area, road design may follow rural road maintain the continuity of community festivals &
standards, including standards relating to events.
pavement width and (lack of) curbs, sidewalks,
or paved shoulders and swales. (HCC 23-41, 86,
& 87; GP 13.2.3(1) and 13.2.3 (m))4,8 Establish and Manage Public Access
Policy 127: Encourage and assist in the 1% and Trails
promotion of festivals and events that celebrate
regional culture, heritage,and agriculture.
4.7.5 K6kua Actioi
State Legislature
Kokua Action 20:
Following HRS 6E, provide the Department of
Land and Natural resources sufficient staff and
funding for the State Historic Preservation
Division to fulfill its mandates.
Department of Land and Natural Resources
This section of the CDP prioritizes a County public
access program, directs appropriate public access to
the shoreline and mauka forests, and guides
community -led access management.
4.8.1 Community Objective
Community Objective 1: Protect, restore, and
enhance watershed ecosystems, sweeping
views, and open spaces from mauka forests to
makai shorelines, while assuring responsible
public access for recreational, spiritual, cultural,
and sustenance practices.
r. •
Community Objective 3: Encourage community-
based collaborative management plans to
assure that human activities are in harmony
with the quality of Hamakua's unique natural
and cultural landscape.
Community Objective 12: Preserve traditional
subsistence practices and encourage a
reciprocity (e.g. bartering) economy as a
sustainable complement to Hamakua's resource-
based economy.
4.8.2 Existing i
Land Use Policy Intent
• Appropriate access to significant historic sites,
buildings, and objects of public interest should be
made available. (GP 6.2 (b))
• Increase public pedestrian access opportunities
to scenic places and vistas. (GP 7.3(a))
• Ensure public access is provided to the shoreline,
public trails and hunting areas, including free
public parking where appropriate. (GP 8.3 (r))
Land Use Policy Controls
Appropriate public access to and along the
shoreline shall be ensured as a condition of SMA
exemptions and permits. (HRS 205A-26)
Protect all rights, customarily and traditionally
exercised for subsistence, cultural and religious
purposes and possessed by ahupua'a tenants
who are descendants of native Hawaiians who
inhabited the Hawaiian Islands prior to 1778,
subject to the right of the State to regulate such
rights. (Hawai'i State Constitution, Article 12,
section 7)
Subdividers of six or more lots, parcels, units, or
interests shall be required to dedicate land for
public access for pedestrian travel from a public
highway or street to the land below the high-
water mark on any coastal shoreline or to areas
in the mountains where there are existing
facilities for hiking, hunting, fruit -picking, ti -leaf
sliding, and other recreational purposes, and
where there are existing mountain trails. (HRS
46-6.5 and HCC 34-4(c))
4.8.4 County Action
Policy 47
Establish a 'County of Hawai'i Public Access and
Trail Program' with sufficient staff and resources.
Staff will be required to refer to this program in
all permit reviews. Elements of this program
could include:
1. A comprehensive access inventory;
2. A public access rating system to help with
prioritization;
3. Ensure comprehensive reviews of projects
(on public or private lands) that will affect
public accesses and trails.
4. Establish a program to inventory ancient
trails, cart roads, and old government
roads in coordination with appropriate
State agencies. Ensure that publicly owned
historic trails and roads are properly
identified and consultation occurs to
protect the public's interests. (GP 12.3 (n)
Highways Act of 1892)
s. Identify agencies/groups to develop,
administer, and maintain public accesses,
including developing County capacity for
this purpose;
6. Identify funding sources to purchase public
access easement to priority areas;
7. When public access goals will involve
several landowners, acquire the public
access incrementally as opportunities arise
to do so;
8. Public accesses that cross private land will
be acquired and held until appropriate
management of the accesses is in place;
9. Collaborate with State and Federal
agencies on public accesses that require
multi -agency involvement;
10. Develop a standardized template to
promote consistency and
67
comprehensiveness in the public access
plans required of landowners,-
11.
andowners,11. Partner with community organizations
capable of assisting with public access
management,
12. Work with State agencies (particularly with
DOFAW) to coordinate, survey, develop,
and manage public trails and roads leading
to forest reserves.
13. In co-sponsorship with the State when
possible, acquire land for public access to
historic sites and objects and to the
shoreline where safe transit does not
already exist.
14. Reinstitute a Public Access Sign program
managed by the Planning Department to
assist interested community groups in
maintaining appropriate signage at public
access points. IM
15. Provide cultural and safety information at
trailheads.
The above actions can be implemented
independently of each other and do not reflect
prioritization by their listing order.
Policy 48
Pursue access easements and/or acquisition of
high priority public accesses to meet CDP
objectives.
Policy 49 Nk
Where possible through permit conditions,
easements, or acquisitions, the County of Hawai'i
shall establish: public access to and along the
shoreline to significant historic sites, public
transit along the top of cliff, streams, mauka
trails, facilities, and access to sites for gathering,
hunting, and other recreational purposes.
Policy 50
Identify government roads (including roads -in -
limbo, 'paper roads' and train infrastructure
remnants) with public access value for trails. If
these are being obstructed by private parties,
work to remove the obstructions.
This policy is specific to publicly owned roads -in -
limbo or old road rights-of-way that are best
adapted to trail use; however, for CDP policies
relating to the adoption of 'roads -in -limbo' into
current the County of Hawai'i road inventory,
see Policy 69, and Policy 72.
Policy 51
Prior to disposing of, leasing, or transferring
public lands, including public roads or trails,
public access potentials will be assessed,
documented and protected if public access use is
in the public's interest. (HRS §46-1.5, and §171-
26)
Policy 52
Reconstruct the Laupahoehoe Boat Ramp to
provide safe and adequate access to ocean
resources for subsistence fisher -people and
recreational users.
See also:
Policy 16: Identify and secure in public trust (fee
simple or by easement) priority lands that
achieve one or more of Hamakua's Objectives.
4•$•5 Kokua Action
State Legislature
Kokua Action 22:
To facilitate greater public access to and along
the shoreline and elsewhere, amend HRS 520,
Hawai'i's Recreational Use Statute (RUS), to:
• Decrease ambiguity and discourage frivolous
lawsuits;
• Provide incentives to private landowners to
voluntarily allow public access.
M
Bishop Estate/Kamehameha Schools; State of
Hawaii
Kokua Action 23:
Explore options and collaborate with community
groups to increase access to former sugar cane
roads to be used as non -motorized trails where
feasible and appropriate.
State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural
Resources, Land Division
Kokua Action 24:
unique areas, but the section also addresses other
elements of the CDP that are specific to these places.
4.9.1 Community Objective
Community Objective 1: Protect, restore, and
enhance watershed ecosystems, sweeping
views, and open spaces from mauka forests to
makai shorelines, while assuring responsible
public access for recreational, spiritual, cultural,
and sustenance practices.
Community Objective 2: Protect and restore
viable agricultural lands and resources. Protect
Prior to disposing of, leasing, or transferring I and enhance viewscapes and open spaces that
public lands, including public roads or trails, A& exemplify Hamakua's rural character.
public access potentials will be assessed,
• Community Objective 3: Encourage community -
documented and protected if public access use is
in the public's interest. based collaborative management plans to
assure that human activities are in harmony
See corresponding Policy 51. with the quality of Hamakua's unique natural
Ala Kahakai National Historic Trail
Kokua Action 25: 1
Explore expansion of the Ala Kahakai National
Historic Trail in the Hamakua Planning Area.
4.8.6 Community Action
Nk-
Community Action 15: Develop and implement
plans to establish and manage specific access points
and trails.
See also N N N
Community Action 39: Work with State and
private landowners to develop and maintain
additional trails for non -motorized recreation
4.9 Preserving Sacred Places: Waipi`o
Valley and Mauna Kea
This section of the CDP identifies Waipi'o Valley and
Mauna Kea as sacred places needing special
attention. This section specifically addresses natural
and cultural resource protections for both of these
and cultural landscape.
Community Objective 4: Protect and nurture
Hamakua's social and cultural diversity and
heritage assets, including sacred places, historic
sites and buildings, and distinctive plantation
towns.
Community Objective 5: Direct future settlement
patterns that are sustainable and connected.
Honor Hamakua's historic and cultural assets by
concentrating new development in existing,
walkable, mixed-use town centers while limiting
rural sprawl.
Community Objective 12: Preserve traditional
subsistence practices and encourage a
reciprocity (e.g. bartering) economy as a
sustainable complement to Hamakua's resource -
based economy.
Community Objective 13: Promote appropriate
rural tourism that welcomes guests for an
alternative visitor experience. Promote
Hawai'i's host culture and Hamakua's heritage,
including historic roads and plantation towns,
and festivals that celebrate our rich multi-
cultural music, art, and agriculture.
4.9.2 Waipi`o Valley as a Wahi Pana
This section prioritizes protecting Waipi'o Valley as a
wahi Pana, focusing on protecting natural
ecosystems, viewsheds and streams, managing
responsible access, and perpetuating Hawaiian
culture.
4.9.3 Waipi'o Valley: County Action
Policy 53
Designate Waipi'o Valley, including the Valley
rim, as a Wahi Pana and create a resource
protection overlay and regulations that will
protect Waipi'o Valley's natural resources,
preserve its storied past and perpetuate its
agricultural traditions and unique rural lifestyle.
The Wahi Pana designation should address h
following:
■ Create a Natural Resource Overlay Zone:
o Prepare viewshed siting guidelines in the
County Zoning Code for parcels along the
southeast and eastern portions of
Waipi'o Valley rim (GP Policy 7.3 (b));
o Extend the SMA boundary beyond
Waipi'o Valley on the east and southeast
Valley rim to ensure that greater
setbacks and viewshed protections are
incorporated into the review of
structures in those areas;
■ Collaborate with Community Groups:
o Collaborate with the Waipi'o Valley
community to develop a long range
management plan for Waipi'o that
addresses public access, carrying
capacity, resource management, and
potential funding sources for on-going
maintenance of streams and roads.
o Support community organizations such
as the Waipi'o Valley Stakeholders
Alliance, the Waipi'o Community Circle,
the Traditional Waipi'o Taro Farmers
Assoc., and Ha Ola O Waipi'o Valley in
developing and implementing a
community-based watershed plan based
on the Waipi'o Valley Stream
Management Plan.
Policy 54
Provide a property tax credit for landowners for
the perpetual conservation of taro systems on
private land (i.e. agricultural, conservation or
cultural easements) for owners and lessees who
enter into long term agreements (20 years) to
rehabilitate taro systems to active use.
Policy 55
Work with farmers, landowners, community
organizations and agency partners (Army Corps
of Engineers, State Commission on Water
Resources Management (CWRM), State
Department of Health, State Historical
Preservation Division) to create a simplified
stream maintenance permitting process for
Wailoa Stream and other streams in Waipi'o
Valley.
Policy 56
Perform a feasibility study on developing a scenic
route from the Waipi'o Valley Lookout extending
mauka to connect to Mud Lane at the entrance
of Waimea.
Improving the mid-section of Mud Lane would
provide an alternate/emergency route to
Kukuihaele and the Waipi'o Valley lookout, and
would create a scenic loop between Waimea,
Waipi'o Valley Lookout, and Honoka'a. This
policy is based on GP 13.2.5.4.2 (c). See also
related Policy 57, below.
Policy 57
Perform a feasibility study on developing a scenic
park (accessible via Mud Lane) with a viewing
70
area of Hi'ilawe Falls in conjunction with the
development of the scenic highway.
This policy is related and dependent on Policy 56
above, and is based on General Plan policy
12.5.4.2 (d).
One of the advantages of developing a scenic
park with a view of Hi'ilawe Falls would be to
incentivize scenic viewpoints above the Valley
with the goal of minimizing visitor trips into the
Valley. To minimize impacts, this park could be
accessible via a pedestrian hiking trail developed
along the old cane haul road.
Policy 58
Encourage the integration of best management
practices and an understanding of cultural values
and experiences during the land use application
process for any business plans requiring Planning
Department Plan Approval within Waipi'o Valley.
(Refer to HCC Chapter 25 Section 2, Division 7
for more information on Plan Approval)
Policy 59
Policy 47, #10: Work with State agencies
(particularly with DOFAW) to coordinate, survey,
develop, and manage public trails and roads
leading to forest reserves. (GP 12.3 (u)); and #7:
Collaborate with state and federal agencies on
public accesses that require multi -agency
involvement;
Policy 43, # 1: Build County staff capacity and
provide training to support development and
implementation of stream management plans.
Policy 37: Conduct a scenic resources inventory
and map for the Hamakua Planning Area.
Policy 31: Update the County of Hawai'i's
property tax reduction programs to ensure that
public tax incentives for agricultural land uses
result in public benefits and promote agricultural
land use and production.
4.9.4 iPi`o Valley: Kokua Action
Land Use Commission
kua Action 26:
Develop the Waipi'o Valley Heritage Center,pftk� Reconsider the State's agriculture land capability
including: class designations to better protect viable taro
growing lands.
• Support for its related Educational Programs 4b
such as the Waipi'o Education and & Bishop Estate, State of Hawaii, Kamehameha
Information Program (aka: Waipi'o Valley
Rangers Program).
Support community-based management of
the Waipi'o Valley Heritage Center through a
lease or cooperative use agreement with the
County Department of Parks and Recreation.
Policy 60
Integrate the support facilities for the existing
Waipi'o Lookout with the Heritage Center and
the Heritage Corridor route.
See also:
See Section 4.5 Preserve Scenic Areas and
Viewsheds and 4.6 Protect and Enhance
Ecosystems and Watersheds.
Schools
Kokua Action 27:
Perform a feasibility study on the development
of a scenic park (accessible via Mud Lane) with a
viewing area of Hi'ilawe Falls in conjunction with
the development of Mud Lane into a scenic
route.
See related Policy 56 & Policy 57 based on GP
12.5.4.2 (d)) and 13.2.5.4.2 (c).
Department of Land and Natural Resources
Kokua Action 28:
Support reintroduction of H.B. #414 or similar
legislation that would provide funding and
71
technical assistance for stream maintenance
programs.
State of Hawaii, Governor
Kokua Action 29:
Release allocated disaster funding to help taro
farmers and residents of Waipi'o Valley to avoid
Community Action 20: Strengthen Community
capacity through the Hawai'i Community
Stewardship Network.
4.9.6 Mauna Kea as a Wahi Pana
This section prioritizes protecting Mauna a Wakea as
a wahi pana.
future flood damage. (TSPTF recommendation) A Special Note on Mauna a Wakea: The summit
State Department of Agriculture
Kokua Action 30:
Apply for Specialty Crop Block Grants to
strengthen taro production.
See also:
Hawai'i State Legislature
Kokua Action 6: Appropriate funds to the County
lands are out of County jurisdiction and are under the
State of Hawai'i Department of Land and Natural
Resources, with portions leased to the University of
Hawai'i and managed by the Office of Mauna Kea
Management. At the time of the CDP draft
development, discussions over land use and
natural/cultural resource management for Mauna
Kea were continually evolving. This CDP section
represents a focus on 'kokua actions' to the agencies
and groups that currently manage resources at the
summit and near -summit lands. All the CDP Kokua
of Hawai'i to develop recommendations of lands actions are based on previously developed policies
to be designated Important Agricultural Lands. that align with CDP Community Objectives.
.7 Ma ea: County Action
4.9.5 Waipi'o Valley: Comm ction
See also.
Community Action 16: Form a 501(c)(3) nonprofit
Policy 43: To further watershed management
entity for community empowerment to develop a
Land Management Partnership. goals, enter into a partnership agreement with
the Mauna Kea Watershed Alliance via MOU
Community Action 17: Develop a detailed Master Process.
Plan for Waipi'o Valley, including a community-
based management plan for the Waipi'o Valley
visitor's center.
Community Action 18: Secure funding through
PONC, DLNR LLCP, or other similar programs for
purchase of easements and potential acquisition of
land to protect views of Waipi'o Valley rim.
Community Action i9: Support community
organizations, such as the Waipi'o Circle, in
developing a watershed plan based on the Waipi'o
Valley Stream Management Plan, the Hanalei
Watershed Hui model, or similar community-based
management plans.
4.9.8 Mauna Kea: Kokua Action
Various Agencies: Bureau of Land and Natural
Resources; DLNR's Division of Forestry and Wildlife
— Natural Area Reserve System;
Kokua Action 31:
Continue to engage the Hawaiian community
while exploring a cooperative agreement to
formalize the coordinated management efforts
on Mauna Kea.
Department of Land and Natural Resources & State
Historic Preservation Division
72
Kokua Action 32:
Nominate the Mauna Kea Summit Region
Historic District to the National Register of
Historic Places.
Department of Land and Natural Resources
Kokua Action 33:
Update the management plan for Laupahoehoe
Natural Area Reserve.
Kokua Action 34:
Identify mamane-naio forest sites within the
Forest Reserve system on Mauna Kea for
inclusion in the NAR system.
Kokua Action 35:
Develop a mechanism for the long -
protection of Palila sites.
Kokua Action 36:
Provide natural and cultural resource
preservation orientation training for tour
operators, rangers, VIS staff, and volunteers in
coordination with native practitioners who
practice on Mauna Kea.
Kokua Action
Maintain a trail network with signage.
Kokua Action 38:
Consider establishing a working group with
surrounding land owners and the user -
community to educate users and manage ATV
use in the near -summit region.
Kokua Action 39:
Work together, in partnership with hunting
associations and other land stewards, to
establish clear recreational hunting policies and
disseminate education regarding these policies.
Department of Land and Natural Resources/
University of Hawaii, Office of Mauna Kea
Management
Kokua Action 40:
Work with the Hawaiian community to develop a
historic property monitoring program within the
UH Management Areas.
Kokua Action 41:
Evaluate the need and feasibility of establishing
a vehicle wash -station near Hale Pohaku to
prevent the transport of invasive plants and
animals.
Kokua Action 42:
Work with neighboring landowners and
appropriate federal and state agencies to plan
for coordinated responses to a range of
emergency situations, to ensure rapid response,
and to minimize impacts to cultural and natural
_ resources.
kua Action 43:
Collaborate with Observatories to develop a site
decommissioning plan for each observatory, in
accordance with the Decommissioning Plan for
Mauna Kea Observatories.
Department of Defense, Pohakuloa Training Area
(PTA)
Kokua Action 44:
Complete the large scale firebreak that extends
completely across Pu'u Anahulu between the
Ke'amuku and the1859 lava flows.
Kokua Action 45:
Improve Mauna Kea Trail and Infantry Road to
firebreak standards and to extend Mauna Kea
Trail slightly in the area behind Pu'u Pohakuloa.
73
Kokua Action 46:
Complete the Remedial Investigation for the
Pu'u Pa'a Area (PTA -003-R-01). Remaining
actions include a focused Feasibility Study,
Proposed Plan /Decision Document, followed by
Remedial Design and Remedial Action for
Munitions and Explosives of Concern removal.
Kokua Action 47:
Address the potential hazards of depleted
uranium at the Pohakuloa Training Area.
Consider the eight -point plan as outlined in
County Res. No. 639-08. See also House Bill
2011 H.C.R. No. 181, "Pohakuloa Training Area;
Testing and Monitoring of Radioactive
Contamination."
County RES. 639 Draft 012006-2008
oc/39961/Pagel.aspx
State Legislature:
http://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/session20ll/
Bills/HCR181 .PDF
http://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/session20ll/
bills/SCR118 .pdf
4.9.9 Mauna Kea• ity
Community Action 21: Document the Mo'olelo of
Mauna Kea using resources outlined in Oral History.
Community Action ii: Develop an educational
program for tour operators, Visitor Information staff,
and volunteers as part of orientation training for
regular users of Mauna Kea. %10'
Community Action 23: Collaborate with surrounding
land owners and the user -community to educate
users and manage ATV use in mauka areas and in the
Mauna Kea region.
74
A'ohe hong nui ko alu'io.
No task is too big when done together
5.1 Coordinate Infrastructure, Facility,
and Service Improvements
This section of the CDP guides the coordination of
regional infrastructure improvements.
5.1.1 Community Objective
• Community Objective 6: Develop and improve
critical community infrastructure, including
utilities, healthcare, emergency services,
affordable housing, educational opportunities
and recreational facilities to keep our'ohana
safe, strong, and healthy.
5.1.2 Existing Polic
Land Use Policy Intent
• Promote and encourage the rehabilitation and
use of urban areas that are serviced by basic
community facilities and utilities. (GP 14.1.3 (b))
• Encourage urban development within existing
zoned areas already served by basic
infrastructure, or close to such areas, instead of
scattered development. (GP 14.1.3 (j))
Land Use Policy Controls
• Commercial facilities shall be developed in areas
adequately served by necessary services, such as
water, utilities, sewers, and transportation
systems. Should such services not be available,
the development of more intensive uses should be
in concert with a localized program of public and
private capital improvements to meet the
expected increased needs. (GP 14.3.3 (b))
• Identify sites suitable for future industrial
activities as the need arises. Industrial
development shall be located in areas adequately
served by transportation, utilities, and other
essential infrastructure. (GP 14.4.5.9.2 (a);
14.4.5.2.2 (b); 14.4.5.3.2 (a); 14.4.5.2 (a); and
14.4.3 (e))
5.1.3 County Action
Policy 61
Implement capital improvement priorities in the
Hamakua Planning Area.
Current capital improvement priorities for
Hamakua include:
• Reconstruct of the Laupahoehoe Boat Ramp.
(Policy 52
• Develop the Waipi'o Valley Lookout Visitor
Center. (Policy 59)
• Improve/replace substandard bridges in the
Hamakua Planning Area. (Policy 68)
• Complete the extension linking Pikake and
Pakalana Street. (Policy 71
• Provide a cross-town connection to Plumeria
Street by extending Kamani Street. (Policy
71)
• Provide a mauka-makai connection from the
Kamani Street extension to Mamane Street
on the Hilo side of the elderly housing.
(Policy 71)
• With the goal of developing alternative,
emergency routes, improve substandard
As Recommended By The Hamakua CDP Steering Committee For Adoption by the County of Hawai'i
Section 5: Strengthen Infrastructure, Facilities, and Services
sections of the Old Mamalahoa Highway and
maintain for use as an alternative,
emergency route to Highway 19. (Policy 72)
• Add an additional chute/receptacle at the
Honoka'a Recycling and Solid Waste Transfer
Station (Policy 84)
• Add solar -water heating for Laupahoehoe
Swimming Pool. (Policy 103)
• Re -roof Papa'ikou Gym (Policy 103)
• Abate hazardous materials at Papa'aloa Gym
(Policy 103)
Policy 62
Provide technical support to communities and
organizations pursuing capital improvement
financing through USDA Rural Development,
infrastructure improvement financing districts,
and other sources.
Policy 63
The development of County fac
designed to fit into the locale v
intrusion while providing the di
Implement protocols for receiv
input during capital improvemi
and design within the Hamaku
5.1.4 Community Act
Community Action 24: Actively ad
appropriations, financing, allotmer
encumbrances that support impler
CDP. lu
5.2 Expand Affordable Housing Options
affordable housing, educational opportunities
and recreational facilities to keep our'ohana
safe, strong, and healthy.
5.2.2 Existing Policy
Land Use Policy Intent
• Accommodate the housing requirements of
special need groups including the elderly,
handicapped, homeless and those residents in
rural areas. (GP 9.3 (m))
5.2.3 County Action
Policy 64
Develop and implement a County -wide, cross -
agency affordable housing plan.
• Develop affordable housing options within
existing towns and villages, near services,
and critical infrastructure.
This section of the CDP seeks to incorporate strategic
planning, tax incentives, and self-help programs to
increase the supply of affordable housing.
5.2.1 Community Objective
• Community Objective 6: Develop and improve
critical community infrastructure, including
utilities, healthcare, emergency services,
Propose and support amendments to the
County's taxing powers as a means to
increase the supply of affordable housing.
Revise the Zoning Code, Chapter 25, relating
to 'Ohana Dwellings and develop an
Accessory Dwelling Unit policy aimed at
facilitating affordable housing and aging -in-
place opportunities. Evaluate and
incorporate applicable policy criteria from the
City and County of Honolulu's Chapter 21
Accessory Dwelling Unit policy; see also
www.accessorydwellings.orq as a resource
for how other municipalities are handling
accessory dwelling unit regulations.
• Revise the building code requirements for
renovating older houses to facilitate the
redevelopment of affordable housing.
76
5.2.4 Kokua Action
Hawai'i Public Housing Authority, State of Hawaii
Kokua Action 48:
Coordinate with County agencies in helping
develop and implement a County -wide, cross -
agency affordable housing plan.
5.2.5 Community Action
Community Action 25: Engage community
associations and volunteers to work with self-help
nonprofits to promote construction of homes for
eligible buyers in the Planning Area.
5.3 Improve the Roadway Network
This section of the CDP prioritizes road connectivity,
safety improvements to roads and bridges, a road -in -
limbo improvement and adoption process, and
guides road improvements toward multimodal
transportation strategies.
5.3.1 Community Object'
• Community Objective 7: Establish a rural
transportation network that includes improving
roadway alternatives to Highway 19, expanding
and improving the existing transit system, and
encouraging multiple transportation options.
5.3.2 Existing Policy%, It IV
• Develop a comprehensive, island -wide multi-
modal transportation plan that identifies the
location and operation of automobile, mass
transit, bicycle and pedestrian systems, in
coordination with appropriate Federal and State
agencies. (GP 13.1.3(e))
5.3.3 Land Use Policy
Policy 65
All subdivision in the Hamakua CDP planning
area, including condominium property regimes
(CPRS) and planned unit developments (PUDs),
shall conform to connectivity standards of the
Hawai'i County Code, section 23-28, 29, and 40.
5.3.4 County Actic
Policy 66
Create a permanent Transportation Planner
Position within the Planning Department's Long
Range Planning Division to develop the County of
Hawai'i's professional capacity to plan for
transportation issues.
PAuitable/priority
locations for bicycle
lanes and paths, walkways, and jogging paths,
and set funding priorities (especially in
coordination with roadway for improvements
such as widening, restriping, ADA improvements,
etc.)
Policy 68
Improve/replace substandard bridges in the
amakua Planning Area.
See Appendix V4B: Community Building Analysis
pages 87-92 for a discussion and a list of bridges.
Policy 69
Develop a roads -in -limbo improvement and
adoption process according to population, usage,
alternative rout%onnectivity needs, and safety
assessments.
Policy 70
Support and provide technical assistance to assist
in the development of 'road improvement
districts' in order to finance road improvements.
(Refer to County Res No 320-10)
Policy 71
To improve safe pedestrian access and increase
connectivity in Honoka'a:
■ Make safety improvements to downtown
Honoka'a based on Complete Streets and/or
other evidence -based planning principles.
77
■ Improvements to include: additional
pedestrian crosswalks on Mamane
Street, additional sidewalk development
(such as along Lehua Street), and safe,
marked walkways to parking areas
servicing downtown.
■ Complete the extension linking Pikake and
Pakalana Street to provide arterial
redundancy
■ Explore alternatives in the management of
Pakalana Street, such as its conveyance to
the State Department of Education or its
conversion to a one-way traffic pattern.
(GP 13.2.5.4.2 (e))
■ Provide a cross-town connection to
Plumeria Street by extending Kamani
Street. GP 13.2.5.4.2 (f);
See also:
19; in particular at the following identified
locations:
• Kalaniana'ole School and Onomea Scenic
Route intersection in Papa'ikou;
• Mill Road intersection in Papa'ikou;
• Honomu Road intersection
• Old Mamalahoa Intersection at the
School/Pool/Transfer Station turn-off in
Laupahoehoe.
Kokua Action 51:
Implement Bike Plan Hawai'i.
(See the plan here:
http://hidot.hawaii.gov/highways/bike-pIan-
hawaii-master-planZ)
Kokua Action 52:
Policy 50: Identify 'roads -i n-li m bo' and other old Continue to identify areas vulnerable to rockfall
road rights-of-way (including 'paper roads') with and shoreline erosion in the highway right -of -
public access value for trails that are being way and prioritize funding for mitigation.
obstructed by private parties and work to
remove the obstructions. 5.3.6 Community Action
Policy 74: Implement a Complete Streets Community Action 26: Develop 'road improvement
Program, including place -appropriate roadwa districts' in order to finance improvements.
design and sidewalk development for Hamakua (Supporting policy: GP13.2.3 (d); County Res. No.
towns and village. (Refer to County Resolution 320-10)
171-11)
5.3.5 Kokua Action
State Department of
Kokua Action 49:
No
Assess Highway 19 for passing opportunities and
passing zones per DOT standards and implement
these standards where feasible. (GP 13.2.5.3.2
(d))
Kokua Action 50:
Develop turn lanes or other safety improvements
at intersections per DOT guidelines on Highway
Community Action 27: Work with the owners of
private roads and local community groups to help
identify and develop road management agreements
that mitigate road closures and access disagreements
for public access and/or residential use. The
following private roads have been identified as
examples of roads needing improvements in their
road management/access strategies:
■ Mill Road in Papa'ikou
■ Beach Road to Honoka'a Landing
■ Blair Road in Laupahoehoe
78
5.4 Formalize Alternative Routes
This section of the CDP prioritizes formalizing and
improving emergency alternative routes.
5.4.1 Community Objective
Community Objective 7: Establish a rural
transportation network that includes improving
roadway alternatives to Highway 19, expanding
and improving the existing transit system, and
encouraging multiple transportation options.
5.4.2 County Action
Policy 72
Improve substandard sections of the Old
Mamalahoa Highway and maintain for use as an
alternative, emergency route to Highway 19
Particularly noted in the General Plan:
Portions of the old Mamalahoa Highwa W
especially those serving Pepe'ekeo and
Honomu, should be improved to provide a
secondary north -south route along the
Hamakua Coast. (GP 13.2.5.2.2(a))
See also:
Policy 56: Explore the feasibility of developing a
scenic route from the Waipi'o Valley Lookout
extending mauka to connect to Mud Lane at the
entrance of Waimea.
Improving the mid-section of Mud Lane would
provide an alternate/emergency route to
Kukuihaele and Waipi'o Valley lookout, and
would create a scenic loop between Waimea,
Waipi'o Valley Lookout, and Honoka'a. This
policy is based on GP 13.2.5.4.2 (c).
Policy 68: Improve/replace substandard bridges
in the Hamakua Planning Area.
5.5 Develop Place -Appropriate Road
Standards
This section of the CDP prioritizes a flexible approach
to road design appropriate for the Planning Area's
rural character and small towns.
5.1 Community Objective
• Community Obiective 7: Establish a rural
transportation network that includes improving
roadway alternatives to Highway 19, expanding
and improving the existing transit system, and
encouraging multiple transportation options.
e .
..2 County Ackn
Policy 73
Adopt rural road design standards that
accommodate, where appropriate, flexibility in
the design of streets to preserve the rural
character of an area, including pavement width,
unpaved shoulders/swales, rock walls, lighting,
and landscaping featuring native plants. Allow
these standards to be used on new or when
improving existing rural roads to maintain
community character. (HCC 23-41, 86, & 87; GP
13.2.3(1) and 13.2.3 (m))
Policy 74
Implement a Complete Streets Program, including
place -appropriate roadway design and sidewalk
development for the Hamakua Planning area.
(Refer to County Resolution 171-11)
5.6 Expand Mass Transit Facilities &
Services
This section of the CDP prioritizes bus system
improvements, including adding intra -town routes,
increase bus trips through the Hamakua Planning
Area, and developing additional bus shelters.
79
5.6.1 Community Objective
Community Objective 7: Establish a rural
transportation network that includes improving
roadway alternatives to Highway 19, expanding
and improving the existing transit system, and
encouraging multiple transportation options.
5.6.2 County Action
Policy 75
Implement the recommendations from the
Kohala Center's study Expanding Transportation
Opportunities on Hawai'i Island to optimize
efficiencies and create new transportation
alternatives, including:
Optimize Public Transport with Technology;
Partner with private enterprises for both
rideshare and vanpool alternatives.1106
See: http://kohalacenter.org/wp/wp-
nsit Study 2014.pdf
Policy 76 40%
Provide rural transit centers within the Planning
Area in areas of heavy user -ship, particularly
provide shelter options at thefollowin locations:
• Pepe'ekeo, Near the Post Office
Laupahoehoe, near the Highway Overpass
• Assess where to provide a Mamane Street
bus shelter in relation to Polic 7
Policy 77 IwAf
Modify existing and develop additional bus
routes, as appropriate, with scheduled stops
within the towns and villages where practicable;
particularly:
• Honoka'a: Mamane Street
(State of Hawai'i Coordinated Public Transit —
Human Services Transportation Plan pages 31-
55)
Policy 78
Develop, or collaborate with private owners to
facilitate the development of, Park -and -Ride
facilities throughout the Hamakua Planning Area.
5.6.3 Community Acts
Community Action 28: Identify locations for bus
stops, biking facilities (i.e. bike racks, lanes, etc.) and
park and ride facilities.
'A0
5.7 Improve Water and Wastewater
astructure
This section of the CDP prioritizes the improvement
of existing potable water and wastewater systems to
support infill growth.
5. munity Obj(
• Community Objective 6: Develop and improve
critical community infrastructure, including
utilities, healthcare, emergency services,
affordable housing, educational opportunities
and recreational facilities to keep our'ohana
safe, strong, and healthy.
Community Objective 5: Direct future settlement
patterns that are sustainable and connected.
Honor Hamakua's historic and cultural assets by
concentrating new development in existing,
walkable, mixed-use town centers while limiting
rural sprawl.
5.7.2 County Action
Policy 79
Water system improvements shall correlate with
the County's desired land use development
pattern. Work with Department of Water Supply
to ensure that adequate infrastructure is
available in appropriate locations to support infill
growth within the Hamakua CDP growth
boundary.
Towns identified in the Hamakua Planning Area
where water availability is inhibiting infill
capacity are as follows:
• Pepe'ekeo,
• Hakalau-Wailea;
• Wnole;
• Honoka'a;
Continue to evaluate growth conditions to
coordinate improvements as required to the
existing water systems.
Importantly, County water distribution systems
shall not be extended outside the growth
boundary established in the Hamakua CDP Land
Use Guide Map, with the exception of water
designated specifically for and limited to
agricultural irrigation and livestock.
Policy 80
Develop an infrastructure prioritization
designation such as an Infrastructure Priority
Area (IPA) within the Hamakua CDP and
designate Honomu, Laupahoehoe, Pa'auilo, and
sections of Honoka'a as priority areas in need of
wastewater service.
Infrastructure prioritization designations shou
be based on the following criteria:
■ The area contains a mix of residential and
commercial zoning; IV
■ The area lacks a core infrastructure
component (municipal or community water,
wastewater, or roadways);
■ Redevelopment options (including the
renovation of historic structures) and/or
projected commercial and residential growth
(including affordable, multi family housing) is
hindered by the lack of core infrastructure;
■ Highest priority should be given to areas that
contain existing built -out parcels facing
regulatory constraints relating to parcel size,
areas with historic buildings and structures in
need of renovation, and areas where
affordable housing is lacking and
development is impeded by the lack of
necessary infrastructure.
Policy 81
Develop wastewater systems at a cost-effective
scale for small communities. Use Infrastructure
Priority Area (IPA) criteria in prioritizing
communities for critical infrastructure
improvements.
See also:
Policy 122: Cooperate with appropriate State and
I Federal agencies and the private sector to
develop, improve and expand agricultural water
systems. (GP 11.2.2(j))
.8 Improve Recycling and Solid Waste
cilities
This section of the CDP prioritizes recycling
education, waste diversion strategies, and transfer
station facility and programmatic improvements.
5. unity Objective
• Community Objective 6: Develop and improve
critical community infrastructure, including
utilities, healthcare, emergency services,
affordable housing, educational opportunities
and recreational facilities to keep our'ohana
safe, strong, and healthy.
5•$•3 County Action
Policy 82
Promote the recycling or composting of
agricultural, industrial, and municipal waste
material through education, outreach, and
incentives. (GP 4.3 (d))
Policy 83
Incorporate green waste facilities at appropriate
rural transfer stations. Particularly assess these
facilities for greenwaste options:
• Honomu
81
• Pa'auilo
(GP 10.5.2 (f) & (h); Hawai'i Zero Waste Plan,
State of Hawai'i Integrated Solid Waste
Management Act (HRS §342G)
Policy 84
Add an additional chute/receptacle at the
Honoka'a Recycling and Solid Waste Transfer
Station.
Policy 85
Increase recycling education and outreach online
and through signage at rural transfer stations,
including:
Facility schedules and what types of
disposal/recycling/reuse options are available
at each of the rural Recycling and Transfer
Stations,-
Up-to-date
tations,
Up-to-date information on recycling even
Policy 86
Encourage new and maintain and enhance
existing community -County partnerships in
managing recycling/reuse centers at County
facilities to increase waste diversion. (Particularly
at Laupahoehoe Recycling & Transfer Station)
See affiliated Community Action 30
Policy 87 NL
Ensure that County Recycling and Transfer
Station Facilities are complying with best
management practices to ensure pollutants are
not contaminating natural resources such as soil,
streams, and near coastal waters, especially
during periods of heavy rainfall. (GP 4.3 (b) & (h),
HRS §58.1-31)
Educate neighborhood watch groups and other
community groups about how to actively identify
and report littering and illegal dump sites to the
Department of Environmental Management.
Raise awareness of the issue through the use of
outreach and social media tools to report sites
and offenders.
See more on how to report littering and dumps
sites here:
http://www. hawaiizerowaste.org/i nfo/il legal -
dumping/
See corresponding Community Action 31
5•$•4Ko ction
See•
Hawaii State legislature
Kokua Action 75: Amend HRS to include
greenwaste, composting, and fertilizer yards
(utilizing only manure and soil) for commercial
use as permitted uses on agriculturally zoned
land. (HRS 205-4.5(10); HRS 205-2(d)(7); GP 4.3
(d); GP 10.5.2. (f))
( mmunity Action
Community Action 29: Host composting and
recycling workshops in collaboration with agencies
/organizations such as Dept. of Environmental
Management, Recycle Hawai'i, and the University of
Hawai'i College of Tropical Agriculture & Human
Resources (CTAHR) Cooperative Extension Service.
Community Action 30: Partner with the County to
manage recycling/reuse centers at County Facilities
Community Action 31: Educate neighborhood watch
groups and other community groups about how to
actively identify and report littering and illegal dump
sites to the Department of Environmental
Management. Raise awareness of the issue through
the use of outreach and social media tools to report
sites and offenders.
See more on how to report littering and dumps sites
here: http://www.hawaiizerowaste.org/info/iIlegal-
dumping/
82
5.9 Improve Emergency Preparedness &
Hazard Mitigation
This section of the CDP prioritizes hardening of
facilities, facilities assessments, and evacuation plans
for isolated communities.
5.9.1 Community Objective
• Community Objective 6: Develop and improve
critical community infrastructure, including
utilities, healthcare, emergency services,
affordable housing, educational opportunities
and recreational facilities to keep our'ohana
emergency shelter references up-to-date. (GP
10.3.2(1) & (j))
Policy 92
Develop and adopt hazard mitigation plans
specifically for Laupahoehoe Point and Waipi'o
Valley, including evacuation plans. (GP 10.3.2 (j
and k))
Policy 93
Assess the feasibility of installing an emergency
telephone for Waipi'o Valley residents and
determine if additional emergency telephones are
safe, strong, and healthy. appropriate and feasible in other areas of low
cellular connectivity. (GP 11.3.2 (b))
5.9.2 County Action
Policy 94
Policy 89
Educate and prepare the public for disaster
County Civil Defense and State Civil Defense preparedness and response by increasing the
should ensure that communities within the number of CERT programs in the Hamakua
Hamakua Planning Area are adequately serve Planning Area. (GP 10. 3.2 (k))
by emergency shelters.
Policy 95 4%
Policy 90 -AM%
Coordinate with FEMA and NRCS to address areas
In coordination with the State Civil Defense developed prior to flood regulations and riverine
Agency and in line with Multi -Hazard Mitigation flood areas in the Flood Insurance Rate Maps
Plans, harden critical facilities. (FIRM). (HCC Chapter 27)
• Laupahoehoe Fire Station Hardening; See Also:
Replace and relocate the Honoka'a Fire
Station to Highway 19; 1%
Harden Kula'imano Community Center
(Pepe'ekeo);
• Look for opportunities to combine hardening
with other facility improvements, such as
ADA improvements, etc.
Policy 91
County Civil Defense, in cooperation with Red
Cross, FEMA, State Civil Defense, DOE, and DAGS,
should conduct routine facility assessments for all
emergency shelters in the Planning Area and
keep the County Multi -Hazard Mitigation Plan
Policy 72: Improve substandard sections of the
Old Mamalahoa Highway and maintain for use as
an alternative, emergency route to Highway 19.
Policy 104: Seek to combine Park facility
improvements projects with other needed facility
improvements (e.g., ADA improvements with
facility hardening, etc.)
5.9.3 Kokua Action
Department of Education, Department of General
Accounting and Services, State Civil Defense, and
Federal Emergency Management Agency
83
Kokua Action 53:
Conduct routine facility assessments for all
emergency shelters and prioritize funding for
improvements
Hawai'i Health Services
Kokua Action 54:
Request State CIP funding to harden Hale Ho'ola
Hamakua (aka: Honoka'a hospital).
See also:
4.9.8 Mauna Kea: for various emergency actions
relating to Mauna Kea, and:
State Department of Transportation
Kokua Action 52: Continue to identify areas
5.10.2 County Action
Policy 96
Actively expand Community Policing programs
such as Neighborhood, Farm, and Business Watch
programs. (GP 10.3.2(g))
Policy 97
Optimize use of the Pepe'ekeo substation to
increase Police and Fire department presence in
the Planning Area and improve emergency
response times in Rural South Hilo.
Consider expanding N. Hilo policing
jurisdiction to include parts of rural South
Hilo (Honomu and Pepe'ekeo) to increase
response times in these rural areas;
vulnerable to rockfall and shoreline erosion in Policy 98
the highway right-of-way and prioritize fundin 1%
Work with community members to develop
for mitigation.
volunteer firefighter capacity for the
5.9.4 Community Action Laupahoehoe Fire Station.
Community Action 32: Coordinate with Civil Defense olicy 9
to develop emergency evacuation plans for residents prioritize securing an emergency vehicle for
of Waipi'o Valley and Laupahoehoe Point. Honoka'a fire station with the capacity for
66,
Community Action 33: Develop and train CERTs providing safe service to Waipi'o Valley.
throughout the Planning Area. See also:
1%6,
5.10 Improving Protective Services
This section of the CDP prioritizes police, firefighting,
and related facilities. Note: Sections 5.9 and 5.10
overlap considerably in that both sections relate to
preventing, mitigating, and addressing emergencies
and critical services for preserving life and property.
5.10.1 Community Objectiv(
• Community Objective 6: Develop and improve
critical community infrastructure, including
utilities, healthcare, emergency services,
affordable housing, educational opportunities
and recreational facilities to keep our'ohana
safe, strong, and healthy.
Policy 89: Incoordination with State and County
Civil Defense Agencies and in line with both
agencies' Multi -Hazard Mitigation Plans, harden
critical facilities.
• Laupahoehoe Fire Station Hardening
• Replace and relocate the Honoka'a Fire
Station to Highway 19
• Look for opportunities to combine hardening
with other facility improvements, such as
ADA improvements, etc.
84
5.10.3 Community Action
Community Action 34: Develop volunteer firefighter
capacity for the Laupahoehoe Fire Station.
Community Action 35: Encourage expansion of
community policing programs (i.e. neighborhood
watch, farm watch, etc.).
5.11 Expand Healthcare & Social Services
This section of the CDP prioritizes healthcare
improvements, with an emphasis on advocating for
system improvements at the State level.
5.11.1 Community Objective
• Community Objective 6: Develop and improve
critical community infrastructure, including
Kokua Action 55:
Develop new, expand, or improve existing
community health centers and rural health clinics
in the Hamakua Planning Area. (GP 10.5.2 (a, e))
Kokua Action 56:
Expand the use of mobile health centers and
services (health, screening, vision, dental, etc.) to
rotate through the Hamakua Planning Area on a
regular basis.
State of Hawaii
Kokua Action 57:
Continue operation of rural hospitals. (GP
10.5.2(d))
2 Strengthen & Expand Education
utilities, healthcare, emergency services
affordable housing, educational opportunities
and recreational facilities to keep our'ohana
Facilities and Services
This section of the CDP prioritizes education facilitv
safe, strong, and healthy. coordination between the State, County, and
5.11.2 County Action
Policy 100
Develop a broad spectrum of care
population of the area, including:
Increase age -in-place options; IM
Support expansion of programs such m
traveling nurses, in-home care visits, m
on -wheels, etc., (GP 2.3(x), (n))
5.11.3 Kokua Action N'
Health, Dental, and Vision Care Providers:
The following kokua actions could be implemented
by various health care providers such as: Kaiser
Permanente, HMSA, Hawai'i Dental Service, Hawai'i
Health Systems, Aloha Care Quest, Medicare, etc.,:
community. IV
.12.1 Co nity Objective
Community Objective 6: Develop and improve
critical community infrastructure, including
utilities healthcare emer enc services
g Y ,
affordable housing, educational opportunities
and recreational facilities to keep our'ohana
safe, strong, and healthy.
5.12.2 County Action
Policy 101
Encourage joint -use of schoolyards, County parks,
and other public facilities for community use for
recreational, cultural, and other compatible uses.
(GP 10.2.2 (b), 12.3 (g))
See also:
Policy 74: Implement a Complete Streets
Program, including place -appropriate roadway
design and sidewalk development for Hamakua's
85
towns and village. (Refer to County Resolution
171-11). Refer also to the Kokua Actions, below:
5.12.3 Kokua Actic
State Department of Education
Kokua Action 58:
Work with the County of Hawai'i and community
groups to expand facilities resource sharing
opportunities/ programs. GP10.1.3 (a); (b);
10.2.2(b)
Kokua Action 59:
5.13 Expand Parks & Recreation
Facilities
This section of the CDP prioritizes recreation
improvements and trail development.
5.13.1 Community ObjectivE
Community Objective 6: Develop and improve
critical community infrastructure, including
utilities, healthcare, emergency services,
affordable housing, educational opportunities
and recreational facilities to keep our'ohana
safe, strong, and healthy.
Continually improve existing educational .13.2 County Acton
facilities. (GP 10.2.4.2.2 (e); 10.1.2 (a); 10.1.3 (a); Policy 102
10.2.4.4 (a)
Conduct Park facilities condition assessments and
Kokua Action 60: prioritize improvement funding. Update the
Provide pedestrian walkways to and around airll
school complexes, and improve vehicular traffic
management. (GP 10.2.4.2.2 (c); 10.2.4.3.2 (a))
See Policy 74.
Kokua Action 61: rN
Develop and implement a Safe Routes to School
(SRTS) program. (http://www.saferoutesinfo.org)
Hawai'i State Legislature
Kokua Action 62:
Allocate sufficient funds to improve traffic, bike,
and pedestrian safety improvements at all
schools in the Hamakua Planning Area. See Policy
74, and Kokua Actions 62- 64 from 5.12.3 Kokua
Action.
5.12.4 Community Action
Community Action 36: Develop and implement Safe
Routes to School programs.
(See Kokua Action 61:
"County of Hawai'i Recreation Plan: to reflect
newly identified recreational priorities.
Specific needs identified include:
Assess court conditions for basketball,
volleyball, and tennis courts, and prioritize
these improvements (e.g., Hakalau tennis
courts; Pepe'ekeo basketball courts, etc.).
• Identify parks in need of playground
equipment and pavilions.
Assess and improve or develop new restroom
facilities at the Waipi'o Lookout to ensure
they are adequate for the number of users to
the site and meet hygienic standards for
maintenance and cleanliness.
(GP 12.3 (f) & (e))
Policy 103
Complete the following recreation improvement
projects:
• Solar -water heating for Laupdhoehoe
Swimming Pool
• Re -roof Pdpa'ikou Gym
EY7
Convert the old Honoka'a courthouse facility
to use for community meetings and functions.
(Requires a management agreement with the
State of Hawai'i, and relates to the intent of
GP 12.5.4(a))
• Hazardous materials abatement at Papa'aloa
Gym
Perform regular termite and other pest
assessments/treatments at each Community
Center and Parks facility.
Policy 104
Seek to combine Park facility improvements
projects with other needed facility improvements
(e.g., ADA improvements with facility hardening,
etc.)
Policy 105
Develop a system of trails and paths for walking,
jogging, and biking activities. (GP 12.3 (o))
See also General Plan 12.3 (M): Develop a
network of pedestrian access trails to places of
scenic, historic, natural or recreational values.
This system of trails shall provide, at a minimum,
an island wide route connecting major parks and
destinations.
Policy 106 —q%6,
Coordinate with the Hakalau community to
investigate and pursue the redevelopment of the
Hakalau gym facility for community use.
Policy 107 %hkj
Continue to improve parks and recreation
outreach efforts for youth and senior programs in
rural communities to ensure program and facility
information is adequately available, promoted
online through accessible websites and through
other mediums, and kept up-to-date to facilitate
maximum community participation.
Policy 108
Develop walking paths around existing ballparks
and other park grounds, as feasible. These
walking paths should be level, paved footpaths
that meet accessibility requirements whenever
possible.
Refer to existing Policy 105, and Kokua Actions
23, 38, 50, and 61.
See also:
Policy 52: Prioritize CIP funding for
reconstruction of the Laupahoehoe Boat Ramp to
provide safe and adequate access to ocean
resources for subsistence fisher -people and
recreational users.
Policy 57: Explore the feasibility of developing a
scenic park (accessible via Mud Lane) with a
viewing area of Hi'ilawe Falls in conjunction with
the development of the scenic highway.
This policy is related and dependent on Policy 56,
and is based on General Plan policy 12.5.4.2 (d).
One of the advantages of developing a scenic
park with a view of Hi'ilawe Falls would be to
incentivize scenic viewpoints above the Valley
with the goal of minimizing visitor trips into the
Valley. To minimize impacts, this park could be
accessible via a pedestrian hiking trail developed
along the old cane haul road. See also Kokua
Action 23 from 5.13.3 Kokua Action.
Policy 59:... Support community-based
management of the Waipi'o Valley Visitor Center
through a lease or cooperative use agreement
with the County Department of Parks and
Recreation.
Policy 101: Encourage joint -use of schoolyards,
County parks, and other public facilities for
community use for recreational, cultural, and
other compatible uses. (GP 10.2.2 (b), 12.3 (g))
87
5.13.3 Kokua Action
State of Hawaii, Department of Education
Kokua Action 63:
Coordinate with the Hakalau community to
pursue the redevelopment and community
management options for the old Hakalau School
property.
See also:
Bishop Estate, State of Hawaii, Kamehameha
Schools
Kokua Action 23: Explore options and collaborate
with community groups to increase access to
former sugar cane roads to be used as non -
motorized trails where feasible and appropriate.
Kokua Action 27: Perform a feasibility study on
the development of a scenic park (accessible via
Mud Lane) with a viewing area of Hi'ilawe Falls in
conjunction with the development of Mud Lane
into a scenic route. See related policies Policy 56
and Policy 57; GP 12.5.4.2 (d)) and 13.2.5.4.2 (c).
5.14 Enhance Telecommunications &
Energy Infrastructure
This section of the CDP guides telecommunication
and energy infrastructure as high community
priorities while also protecting scenic resources.
For policies relating to promoting
telecommunications and energy as economic sectors,
see Section 6: Build a Sustainable, Local Economy.
5.14.1C nity Object
• Community Objective 6: Develop and improve
critical community infrastructure, including
utilities, healthcare, emergency services,
affordable housing, educational opportunities
and recreational facilities to keep our'ohana
safe, strong, and healthy.
Policy
Land Use Policy Intent
Ensure a proper balance between the
development of alternative energy resources and
the preservation of environmental fitness and
5.13.4 Community Action ecologically significant areas (GP 3.3 (e))
Community Action 37: Work with County Dept. o 14.3 Land Use Policy
P&R through the County Cooperative Park
Management Programs (Adopt a Park, etc.,) to Policy 109
maintain/improve existing park facilities. GP 12.3 (j)
Community Action 38: Hakalau community group to
advocate and pursue management and
redevelopment options for the Hakalau Gym facility
(through County P&R Dept.,) and/or the old Hakalau
School property (through the Dept. of Education).
Community Action 39: Work with State and private
landowners to develop and maintain additional trails
for non -motorized recreation.
If the most suitable and reasonable location for
utility lines (power and communications) is
underground for the purpose of preserving
viewshed resources, then underground siting of
utility lines should be a condition of subdivision.
(HCC§23-55, GP 11.3.2 (a), 11.3.3)
5.14.4 County Action
Policy 110
Collaborate with local businesses, community
groups, and private enterprises to develop Wi-Fi
service within appropriate towns.
Policy 111
Use alternative energy sources to power County
facilities within the Planning Area.
See also:
Policy 36: In the Hamakua CDP Planning Area,
applications for Use Permits for wind energy
facilities and telecommunications antennas and
towers shall include viewshed and, as
appropriate, line -of -sight analysis to demonstrate
how the request does not cause substantial,
adverse impact to the community's character,
including open space, public views, and areas of
natural and scenic beauty, and proposed
conditions to mitigate scenic impacts. (HCC 25-2-
60 & 64)
Require the use of place -appropriate wireless
concealment strategies in the development
or upgrading of telecommunication towers as
appropriate
Policy 93: Assess the feasibility of installing an
emergency telephone for Waipi'o Valley
residents and determine if additional emergency
telephones are appropriate and feasible in other
areas of low cellular connectivity. (GP 11.3.2 (b))
5.14.5 Koku Ir
ion
Hawaiian Telcom, Time Warner Cable, and other
service providers
Kokua Action 64:
Prioritize rural broadband access in underserved
areas in the Planning Area (e.g., rural and mauka
areas).
Hawai'i Electric Light Company
Kokua Action 65:
Expand Net -Metering (NEM), Feed -in -Tariff (FIT)
programs, and other similar programs designed
to lower costs and diversify power sources. (GP
3.3o)
5.14.6 Community Action
Community Action 40: Work with County and
private enterprises to bring broadband and Wi-Fi
services to the Planning Area's towns.
E•�
E louhoe mai no wo'o; i ke ko, i ko hoe; i ko hoe, i
ke ko; poe oku i ko '5ino.
Everybody paddle the canoes together;
bail and paddle, paddle and bail,
and the shore is reached.
and Kokua Actions, growth in each sector will mostly
be dependent on implementation of the Community
Actions, which are detailed in the "Community Action
Guide." As with the rest of the CDP, near the
beginning of each subsection there is a section on
Existing Policy. The existing policies for economic
development compiled from the General Plan of
2005 are generally aspirational in nature and do not
necessarily reflect a realistic impression of the
County of Hawai'i's economic development capacity.
As an example, General Plan Policy 14.2.3 (1) directs
the County to: "Assist in the development of
agriculture." This is a well-intentioned policy, but it is
vague, varies upon interpretation, and does not
provide guidance for any mechanisms to provide
assistance to the agricultural industry. Due to the
acknowledged limited capacity of County
government to directly affect economic
2development, Section 6 focuses considerably on
Note: The State of Hawai'i takes an active role in Kokua Actions and Community Actions to achieve
economic development through various endeavors community objectives.
initiatives, and programs. The role of the County of
Hawai'i in economic development is much more
limited. Relative to other counties and municipalities
in other parts of the country, Hawai'i County is a
small, rural county with limited revenue sources and
jurisdiction. The most direct role that Hawai'i County
plays in economic development is through land use
regulation and property tax policy. Otherwise, the
County seeks to support economic development
through its Department of Research and
Development. This Department has economic
development specialists who focus on business
development, agriculture, energy, tourism, and film.
It also maintains the County Data Book and provides
small grants to advance local economic development.
Most of Section 6: Build a Sustainable, Local
Economy" of the Draft CDP, is organized by sectors —
local agriculture, health and wellness services,
creative, education and research, place -based visitor,
local retail and town centers, and green industries.
Though each sub -section typically includes policies
No
6.1 Coordinate Regional Economic
lopment
This section of the CDP guides the implementation of
regional economic development strategies, including
an education, enterprise development, and research
network, and regional strategies to increase "buying
local."
6.1.1 Community Objective
• Community Objective 8: Promote, preserve and
enhance a diverse, sustainable, local economy.
Community Objective 9: Encourage the increase
and diversity of employment and living options
for residents, including living wage jobs and
entrepreneurial opportunities that allow
residents to work and shop close to home and
that complement Hamakua's ecology, rural
character, and cultural heritage.
91
6.1.2 Existing Policy
Land Use Policy Intent
• Provide residents with opportunities to improve
their quality of life through economic
development that enhances the County's natural
and social environments. (GP 2.2 (a))
• Economic development and improvement shall be
in balance with the physical, social, and cultural
environments of the island of Hawai'i. (GP 2.2 (b))
• Provide an economic environment that allows
new, expanded, or improved economic
opportunities that are compatible with the
County's cultural, natural and social environment.
(GP Goal 2.2 (d))
• Strive for diversity and stability in the economic
system. (GP Goal 2.2 (c))
6.1.3 County Action
Policy 112
Develop a distinctive identity for the Hamakua
region to enable public and private industries to
promote it as unique within the State of Hawai'i.
(GP2.3 (o))
Policy 113
Commission a study of Economic and Financial
Impact (EFI) Reviews and recommend integration
of EFI Reviews into existing regulatory and
approval processes (e.g., the Environmental
Impact Statement process and community
benefits agreements).
Policy 114
Pursue brownfields assessment grants to
complete the Phase I and II environmental
assessment for high priority sites in the Planning
Area.
ction
State of Hawaii Office of Planning
Kokua Action 66:
Align the clusters and priority projects in the
Comprehensive Economic Development Strategy
(CEDS) with the objectives, policies, and actions
in the Hamakua Community Development Plan.
6.1.5 Com nity Action
Community Action 41: Develop a distinctive identity
for the Hamakua region to enable public and private
industries to promote it as unique within the State of
Hawai'i. (See Policy 112)
Community Action 42: Coordinate regional, cross -
sectoral economic development strategies.
Community Action 43: Develop a high-tech, high -
touch regional education, enterprise development,
and research network.
Community Action 44: Coordinate regional
strategies to increase "buying local."
6.2 Strengthening Local Agriculture
This section of the CDP guides efforts to strengthen
the local agriculture value chain, including
agricultural land acquisition, agricultural parks and
water systems, the diversification of agriculture -
based businesses on agricultural land, and
agricultural tourism.
See also Section 4.3 Protect Agricultural Lands &
Open Space.
6.2.1 Community Objective
• Community Objective 11: Enhance and promote
local and sustainable agriculture, farming,
ranching, renewable energy, and related
economic support systems.
• Community Objective 13: Promote appropriate
rural tourism that welcomes guests for an
92
alternative visitor experience. Promote Hawai'i's
host culture and Hamakua's heritage, including
historic roads and plantation towns, and festivals
that celebrate our rich multi -cultural music, art,
and agriculture.
6.2.2 Existing Policy
Land Use Policy Intent
Preserve and enhance opportunities for the
expansion of Hawai'i'sAgricultural Industry. (GP
14.2.2 (c)) See also: (GP 2.3 (a)) (GP 14.2.3 (e));
(GP 14.2.3 (1)); (GP 14.2.4.7.2)
Assist other State agencies, such as the University
of Hawai'i, College of Tropical Agriculture and
Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Hilo,
College of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural
Resources Management, Department of Business,
Economic Development and Tourism, Office of
Planning, Department of Land and Natural
Resources and Department of Agriculture, on
programs that aid agriculture. (GP 14.2.3 (c))
Encourage and support the expansion of
agriculture, including forestry and the q
macadamia nut industry. (GP 14.2.4.7.2) Support
the development of a native hardwood industry.
(GP 2.4.3.2 (c)); see also (GP 2.4.4.2 (e)).
Assist the fishing industry, other ocean based
industries, and aquaculture through a
cooperative effort with State and Federal
agencies. (GP 2.4.9.2 (b)) im
6.2.3 County Action
Policy 115
Implement the County of Hawai'i Agriculture
Development Plan of 2010 (adopted via
resolution no.61-11).
In particular:
• Marshal resources for key infrastructure
projects that would broadly benefit the
agricultural sector;
• Serve as a liaison and ombudsman for local
agricultural ventures and interests and
government agencies at the county, State,
and U.S. federal levels;
• Provide extension and inspection services.
Policy 116
Develop increased capacity for County -level
agricultural specialists to liaise and coordinate
with State and Federal Agencies in improving and
implementing policy, increasing agricultural
education, and promoting opportunities for
I expanding markets for locally grown products.
Policy 117
INEncourage the establishment and continued
operation of open farmers' markets to allow local
agricultural producers to market their products.
(GP 2.3 (u))
flicy 118
In order to provide a means for local agricultural
producers to market their products, the County
shall interpret HRS 205 liberally to allow the
establishment and continued operations of open
farmers' markets and road -side stands in the
State Land Use Agricultural district without a
Special Permit. If the project qualifies for Plan
Approval, a market management plan containing
provisions for adequate on-site parking, on-site
and off-site traffic management, and adequate
sanitation facilities must be approved by the
Planning Department prior to the operation of
the open farmers market.
Policy 119
Amend Hawai'i County Code, Section 15-72 to
expand the designated list of parks authorized to
allow farmers' market permits to include parks in
rural areas that lack appropriate commercial
zoned lands for farmers markets.
93
Policy 120
Evaluate County Zoning Code Section 15-5-
72(a)(17) relating to "livestock production of
piggeries, apiaries, and pen feeding of livestock
shall be [..] located no closer than one thousand
feet away from any major public street or from
any other zoning district."
■ Define what qualifies as a "piggery" or an
"apiary';•
■ Determine if the minimum distance of 1,000
feet from any public street or other zone is
appropriate for each use referenced,-
recommend
eferenced,recommend revision to minimum distance if
research justifies adopting new minimum
distances.
Policy 121
Support the development of private, County, and
6.2.4 K6kua Action
State of Hawaii Department of Education
Kokua Action 67:
Develop and support Farm to School programs
and other programs designed to provide locally
produced food to Planning Area schools.
State of Hawaii, Department of Health (and Dept.
of Ag — USDA)
Kokua Action 68:
Work with local farmers/producers to educate
and facilitate the development and management
of farmers markets within the Planning Area. (GP
2.3 (u))
State agricultural parks to make agricultural land
available for agricultural activities. (GP 14.2.3(k))
1W %%hh,
Policy 122
Cooperate with appropriate State and Federal
agencies and the private sector to develop,
improve and expand agricultural water systems
in appropriate areas on the island. GP 11.2.2(j))
See also: 4q%k
Policy 43, see point #5 regarding Best
Management Practices for agriculture and
forestry.
Policy 54: Provide a tax credit for landowners for
the perpetual conservation of taro systems on
private land (i.e. agricultural, conservation or
cultural easements) for owners and lessees who
enter into long term agreements (20 years) to
rehabilitate taro systems to active use.
Policy 126: Encourage the development of small
"bed and breakfast" type visitor
accommodations, in particular those with
heritage, agriculture, wellness, or similar themes.
(GP 14.7.5.9.2(b))
Increase safe food handling education
opportunities tailored to farmers;
Increase transparency on policy and
education on DOH rules relating to food
production and food service.
of Hawaii, Department of Agriculture
kua Action 69:
Support the development of agricultural parks to
make agricultural land available for agricultural
activities. (GP 14.2.3(k))
Kokua Action 70:
Cooperate with County and Federal agencies and
the private sector to develop, improve and
expand agricultural water systems in appropriate
areas on the island. (GP 11.2.2(j))
University of Hawaii at Hilo/Hawai'i Community
College
Kokua Action 71:
Prioritize development of programs and research
that increases local agricultural capacity,
including marketing and other small business
training.
94
Kokua Action 72:
Explore the feasibility of establishing an
aquacultural program in the Hamakua Planning
area for research, demonstration, and
development purposes. (GP 2.4.2.2(i))
See also:
State of Hawaii, Governor
Kokua Action 29: Release allocated disaster
funding to help taro farmers and residents of
Waipi'o Valley to avoid future flood damage.
(TSPTF recommendation)
State Department of Agriculture
Kokua Action 30: Apply for Specialty Crop Block
Grants to strengthen taro production.
Hawai'i State Legislature
Kokua Action 7: Pass legislation enabling land j
banks that counties can use to acquire tax -
delinquent properties and use them to preserve qq
agricultural land and open space
6.2.5 Community Actio
Community Action 45: Strengthen local agriculture
through the following:
• Develop a marketing brand for Hamakua
products (Assist in the promotion of prod
u
produced in Hamakua (GP 2.3(t)).
• Support Farm to School/Farm to Table Programs,
CSAs, and other local farm -to -consumer
initiatives;
• Support and develop celebratory events that
support agriculture (e.g., festivals, rodeos,
parades, community gathering events at farmers'
markets, etc.).
• Work to effectively manage or eradicate invasive
species that impact agricultural production.
• Develop agricultural cooperatives to facilitate
farming collaborations, cost- and resource -
sharing opportunities, provide a mechanism for
marketing assistance and educational
opportunities, and coordinate with County, State,
and Federal agricultural specialists.
Pursue the development of incubator community
kitchens for the production of value-added
agricultural products.
Community Action 46: Promote farmers' market
events as community and visitor gathering places.
Community Action 47: To better address issues
relating to the Lower Hamakua Ditch: form a
cooperative community group (for example, a
"Friends of the Lower Hamakua Ditch" group)
composed of adjacent landowners to the ditch and
other affected parties to advocate to and collaborate
with the Department of Agriculture in developing a
cooperative management plan that would seek to
resolve issues relating to water quality, water
efficiency, ditch maintenance, and to assess ditch
trail access opportunities.
See also:
Community Action 44: Coordinate regional
strategies to increase "buying local."
Community Action 49: Collaborate with farm
groups, community organizations, and the
County to support the Kohala Center's research
and training programs (i.e., the Ku I Ka Mana
farmer training program).
6.3 Expand Health and Wellness
Industry
Health and wellness is an important and growing
sector in the Planning Area. While the County is
limited in its capacity to directly increase health and
wellness as an industry, there are various approaches
the County currently uses to address health and
wellness through programs and outreach in
coordination with various other agencies and
organizations. See also Section 5.11 Expand
Healthcare & Social Services for strategies that
address healthcare and wellness services.
95
6.3.1 Community Objectives
Community Objective 9: Encourage the increase
and diversity of employment and living options
for residents, including living wage jobs and
entrepreneurial opportunities that allow
residents to work and shop close to home and
that complement Hamakua's ecology, rural
character, and cultural heritage.
6.3.2 County Action
See also:
manpower training programs shall be
encouraged. (GP 14.3.5.2.2 (b))
6.4.3 County Action
Policy 123
Promote and develop the island of Hawai'i into a
unique scientific, environmental, and cultural
model, where economic gains are in balance with
social and physical amenities. Development
should be reviewed on the basis of total impact
on the residents of the County, not only in terms
Policy 126: Encourage the development of small of immediate short run economic benefits. (GP
"bed and breakfast" type visitor 2.2(h))
accommodations, in particular those with
<6.4.4 Kokua Acheritage, agriculture, wellness, or similar themes.
(GP 14.7.5.9.2(b)) te of Hawaii, Workforce Development Division
AM 1%6.3.3 Community Action Kokua Action 73:
Community Action 48: Establish a con
network of health and wellness service
6.4 Promote the Creative, Ed
Research Sector ML
Assist in the development of management and
training programs to strengthen the skill levels of
the workforce to be in step with existing and
emerging industries (GP 2.4.2.2 (e), 14.3.5.2.2
(b))
4.5 Community Action
This section of the CDP guides the development of a E Community Action 49• Collaborate with farm
regional education, enterprise development, and groups, community organizations, and County to
research network. support the Kohala Center's research and training
6.4.1 Community Objective programs (i.e., the Beginner Farmer -Rancher
Development program)
• Community Objective 9: Encourage the increase
and diversity of employment and living options
for residents, including living wage jobs and
entrepreneurial opportunities that allow 6.5 Develop a Place -Based Visitor
residents to work and shop close to home and Industry
that complement Hamakua's ecology, rural This section of the CDP guides the development of a
character, and cultural heritage. regional ho'okipa network—a place -based approach
to community tourism.
6.4.2 Existing Policy
Land Use Policy Intent
Assistance to small businesses in obtaining loans
and management education classes and
6.5.1 Community Objective
Community Objective 13: Promote appropriate
rural tourism that welcomes guests for an
alternative visitor experience. Promote Hawai'i's
M.
host culture and Hamakua's heritage, including
historic roads and plantation towns, and festivals
that celebrate our rich multi -cultural music, art,
and agriculture.
6.5.2 Existing Policy
Land Use Policy Intent
• Balance development with the social and physical
environment of the area. Provisions for orderly
development, housing, and pollution controls
shall be implemented. (GP 2.4.9.2 (a))
• The development of visitor accommodations and
Policy 126
Encourage the development of small "bed and
breakfast" type visitor accommodations, in
particular those with heritage, agriculture,
wellness, or similar themes. (GP 14.7.5.9.2(b))
Policy 127
Encourage and assist in the promotion of festivals
and events that celebrate regional culture,
heritage, and agriculture.
See also related:
Community Action 14
any resort development shall complement the
Community Action 45
character of the area. (GP 14.7.5.9.2 (a))
Community Action 51
Irp
• Encourage the development of small hotels in
Honoka'a. (GP 14.7.5.4.2(a))
licy 128
6.5.3 County Action
Support the designation of sections of the Old
Mamalahoa Highway as a scenic byway through
Policy 124
the State Scenic Byway Program.
Encourage the development of a visitor industry Policy 129
that promotes small business development in
harmony with the character of Hamakua and
Encourage and provide incentives for businesses
with the environmental and social goals of
to develop and promote public restrooms for
residents. (GP 2.3(c))
visitors along Highway 19.
Policy 125
ee also:
Encourage appropriate visitor -related uses and
Policy 112: Develop a distinctive identity for
facilities. Some examples of appropriate visito -
Hamakua to enable public and private industries
related uses and facilities are ones that:
to promote it as unique within the State of
Directly promote Agriculture, Ecotourism,
Health & Wellness; or Cultural Heritage,
and/or..
• Are Located near points of interest (as long as
they will not detract from the natural beauty
of the area, or negatively impact the host
community's privacy/public safety and rural
lifestyle); and/or...
• Offer an educational experience as well as
recreational activities.
Hawai'i. (GP2.3 (o))
And Scenic policies in 4.5 Preserve Scenic Areas
and Viewsheds;
Policy 56: Explore the feasibility of developing a
scenic route from the Waipi'o Valley Lookout
extending mauka to connect to Mud Lane at the
entrance of Waimea. (See also related Policy 57)
97
6.5.4 K6kua Action
Hawaii Tourism Authority
K6kua Action 74:
Encourage the development of a visitor industry
that promotes small business development in
harmony with the character of Hamakua and
with the environmental and social goals of
residents. (GP 2.3(c))
Encourage appropriate visitor -related uses
and facilities (such as Bed and Breakfasts).
Some examples of appropriate visitor -related
uses and facilities are ones that:
Directly promote Agriculture,
Ecotourism, Health & Wellness; or
Cultural Heritage, and/or...
Are Located near points of interest (as
6.5.5 Community Action
Community Action 5o: Develop a regional ho'okipa
network—a place -based approach to community
tourism.
Community Action 51: Develop and support cultural
festivals and events with a view to welcoming
visitors.
Community Action 52: Develop and promote public
restroom facilities at various locations along Highway
419.
.6 Revitalize Ham&ua's Town Centers
This section primarily points to various policies
throughout the CDP that encourage the
rehabilitation and revitalization of the Planning
long as they will not detract from the Area's commercial and town centers.
natural beauty of the area); and/or. 6.6.1 Community Objective
Offer an educational experience as well
as recreational activities. Community Objective 10: Revitalize retail,
• Encourage and assist in the promotion of service, dining, and entertainment centers that
festivals and events that celebrate regional complement the community's rural character
cults
See also:
Department
K6kua.4
develop new scenic lookouts along Highway as
appropriate to ensure ocean, mountain, and
waterfall views are preserved from development.
K6kua Action 11: Consider adding/improving
viewing locations and interpretive signage near
the scenic bridges for safe parking and views of
the areas' waterfalls and coastline. Work with
the Hawai'i Tourism authority to improve signage
on the Highway and identify safe viewing
locations.
and culture.
Community Objective 13: Promote appropriate
rural tourism that welcomes guests for an
alternative visitor experience. Promote Hawai'i's
host culture and Hamakua's heritage, including
historic roads and plantation towns, and festivals
that celebrate our rich multi -cultural music, art,
and agriculture.
6.6.2 Existing Policy
Land Use Policy Intent
Policies Specific to Hamakua District:
• Encourage commercial activities within Honoka'a
town to promote and enhance the history and
culture of the paniolo and former sugar
plantation. (GP 14.3.5.4.2 (c))
M.
6.6.3 County Action
Policy 130
Encourage the rehabilitation of existing service-
oriented industrial areas. (GP 14.4.5.4.2(b))
Policy 131
Develop underutilized private and public
properties within existing towns to be used as
gathering places, community gardens, open
squares and markets, auxiliary parking lots
(including park and ride areas), and parks
(including pocket and art parks, and outdoor
amphitheaters, etc.).
Examples of underutilized parcels owned by the
County are:
■ Honoka'a: TMK 4-5-005:010 on the corner of
Mamane and Puakalo.
■ Papa'aloa: TMK 3-5-003:035 next to t
Papa'aloa Gym.
Policy 46: Support the development and
promotion of Heritage Corridors as part of a
coordinated effort to promote the roadways and
towns of the Hamakua Planning Area. GP 6.3 (1)
Policy 129: Encourage and provide incentives for
businesses to develop and promote public
restrooms for visitors along Highway 19.
6.6.4 Community Action
Community Action 53: Promote the collaborative
development, use, and management of community
gardens in towns and neighborhoods.
See also:
Community Action 1: Develop town revitalization
plans focused on developing guidelines for
preserving historic and cultural character,
infrastructure improvements, developing
affordable housing, and promoting economic
revitalization.
(6-7Encourage
he following General Plan priority:
■ '0'6kala: TMK 3-9-001:026 (Currently zoned IV
Industrial) & TMK: 3-9-001:034 (betweencus on urban renewal of Honoka'a. (GP
Jqql�
'O'6kala town and Highway 19. .3.5.4.2 (a)
See also: rresponding Policy 15.
Policy 3: Focus higher density residential (great Green Industries
than 6 units/acre) and commercial areas in This section of the CDP guides sustainable,
communities that can sustain a higher intensity ecologically sensitive approaches to economic
of uses and where these residential and development.
commercial uses are consistent with the existing
town character. This is reflected in the location
of "Medium Density Urban" (MDU) areas on the
official Land Use Guide Map
Smaller villages and towns are encouraged to
develop neighborhood -scale commercial uses
allowed within the Low Density Urban category
Policy 15: To ensure the preservation of historic
and cultural village character, provide technical
support to develop Town Revitalization Plans.
6.7.1 Community Objective
• Community Objective 8: Promote, preserve and
enhance a diverse, sustainable, local economy
• Community Objective 9: Encourage the increase
and diversity of employment and living options
for residents, including living wage jobs and
entrepreneurial opportunities that allow
residents to work and shop close to home and
that complement Hamakua's ecology, rural
character, and cultural heritage.
• Community Objective 11: Enhance and promote
local and sustainable agriculture, farming,
ranching, renewable energy, and related
economic support systems.
6.7.2 Existing Policy
Land Use Policy Intent
• The land, water, air, sea, and people shall be
considered as essential resources for present and
future generations and should be protected and
enhanced through the use of economic
incentives. (GP 2.3 (h))
• Encourage the development of alternate energy
resources. (GP 3.3(a))
• Encourage the development and use of
agriculture products and by-products as sources
of alternate fuel. (GP 3.3 (b))
• Ensure a proper balance between the
K6kua Action 73: Assist in the development of
management and training programs to
strengthen the skill levels of the work force to be
in step with existing and emerging industries. (GP
2.4.2.2(e))
6.7.4 K6kua Action
Hawai'i State Legislature
Kokua Action 75:
Amend HRS to include greenwaste, composting,
and fertilizer yards (utilizing only manure and
soil) for commercial use as permitted uses on
agriculturally zoned land. (HRS 205-4.5(10); HRS
205-2(d)(7); GP 4.3 (d); GP 10.5.2. (f))
Hawai'i Electric Light Company
See also:
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development of alternative energy resources and Kokua Action 65: Expand Net -Metering (NEM),
the preservation of environmental fitness and Feed -in -Tariff (FIT) programs, and other similar
ecologically significant areas. (GP 3.3 (e)) programs designed to lower costs and diversify
• Strive to diversify the energy supply and minimize power sources. GP 3.3 (o)
the environmental impacts associated with
energy usage. (GP 3.3(k))
6.7.5 Community Action
6.7.3 County Action Community Action 54: Develop local, renewable,
Policy 132 distributed energy networks.
Support local training and education programs to
develop green job growth; especially in
renewable energy and natural resource
management. (GP 2.4.2.2 (e))
See also:
Policy 123: Promote and develop the island of
Hawai'i into a unique scientific and cultural
model, where economic gains are in balance with
social and physical amenities. Development
should be reviewed on the basis of total impact
on the residents of the County, not only in terms
of immediate short run economic benefits. (GP
2.2(h))
Community Action 55: Pilot a program to secure
community payments for ecosystem services (PES).
6.8 Preserve Informal Economies and
Living off the Land
This section of the CDP preserves traditional
subsistence living, reciprocity arrangements, and
opportunities to live off the land.
6.8.1 Community Objective
• Community Objective 12: Preserve traditional
subsistence practices and encourage a
reciprocity (e.g. bartering) economy as a
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sustainable complement to Hamakua's resource-
based economy.
• Community Objective 1: Protect, restore, and
enhance watershed ecosystems, sweeping views,
and open spaces from mauka forests to makai
shorelines, while assuring responsible public
access for recreational, spiritual, cultural, and
sustenance practices.
6.8.2 Existing Policy
Land Use Policy Intent
• Protect all rights, customarily and traditionally
exercised for subsistence, cultural and religious
purposes and possessed by ahupua'a tenants
who are descendants of native Hawaiians who
inhabited the Hawaiian Islands prior to 1778,
subject to the right of the State to regulate such
rights. (Hawai'i State Constitution, Article 12,
section 7)
Appropriate public access to and along the
shoreline shall be ensured as a condition of S
exemptions and permits. (HRS 205A-26).
Subdividers of six or more lots, parcels, units,
interests shall be required to dedicate land fc
public access for pedestrian travel from a pul
highway or street to the land below the high-
habitat areas are identified as priorities to
protect.
Seek to protect with easements or acquire
suitable important coastal lands that would
protect viewsheds, provide the public with
access to scenic viewing areas, or otherwise
promote appropriate coastal recreation and
ci lhcictanra
Support the efforts of landowners in
establishing conservation and agricultural
easements to preserve important resources
Aolicn perpetuity.
Py 47: 'County of Hawai'i Public Access and
Trail Program.' (See policy for complete text)
water mark on any coastal shoreline or to areas
in the mountains where there are existing
facilities for hiking, hunting, fruit -picking, ti -leaf
sliding, and other recreational purposes, and
where there are existing mountain trails. (HRS 46-
6.5 and HCC 34-4(c))
6.8.3 County Action
See also:
Policy 16: Identify and secure in public trust (fee
simple or by easement) priority lands that
achieve one or more of Hamakua's Objectives.
Seek to use conservation easements or
acquisition opportunities through funding
sources such as PONC, etc., once critical
Policy 49: Where possible through permit
conditions, easements, or acquisitions, the
County of Hawai'i shall establish: public access to
and along the shoreline to significant historic
sites, public transit along the top of cliff, streams,
mauka trails, facilities, and access to sites for
gathering, hunting, and other recreational
purposes.
Policy 52: Prioritize CIP funding for
reconstruction of the Laupahoehoe Boat Ramp to
provide safe and adequate access to ocean
resources for subsistence fisher -people and
recreational users;
Policy 117: Encourage the establishment of open
farmers' markets to allow local agricultural
products to market their own products. (GP 2.3
(u));
See also 4.8.5 K6kua Action and:
K6kua Action 22: To facilitate greater public
access to and along the shoreline and elsewhere,
amend HRS 520, Hawai'i's Recreational Use
Statute (RUS), to:
• Decrease ambiguity and discourage frivolous
lawsuits;
• Encourage private landowners to voluntarily
allow public access through incentives.
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K6kua Action 23: Explore options and collaborate
with community groups to increase access to
former sugar cane roads to be used as non -
motorized trails where feasible and appropriate.
K6kua Action 38: Consider establishing a working
group with surrounding land owners and the
user -community to educate users and manage
ATV use in the near -summit region.
K6kua Action 39: Work together, in partnership
with hunting associations and other land
stewards, to establish clear recreational hunting
policies and disseminate education regarding
these policies.
6.8.4 Community Action
See
Community Action 4: Support the organization of
a community-based hui for Laupahoehoe fisher,
people.
Community Action 22: Collaborate with
surrounding land owners and the user -
community to educate users and manage ATV
use in mauka areas and in the Mauna Kea region.
Community Action 39: Work with State an
private landowners to develop and maintain
additional trails for non -motorized recreation.
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