HomeMy WebLinkAboutMIN CHC 1989-11-30 Minutes of Regular
HAWAII COUNTY CHARTER COMMISSION
Meeting
November 30 , 1989
I. CALL TO ORDER:
Chairman Bethea called the meeting to order at
approximately 9 : 10 a.m. at the Conference Room, County
Liquor Department , 101 Aupuni , Hilo, Hawaii .
II . ROLL CALL:
Members Robert E. Bethea, Chairman
Present: Sherwood Greenwell , Vice Chairman
Pamela F. Cushnie
David Fuertes
James O. Juvik
H. Peter L'Orange
Aileen Lum
Steven T. Nishikawa
Patricia M. Poppe
Attorney: Christopher Yuen
Secretary:R. Marie Jacobs
Members Francine Duncan
Absent: Akira T. Omonaka
III . APPROVE MINUTES OF 11/14/89:
Upon motion made by Mr. Greenwell and seconded by Mr.
L'Orange, the minutes were approved; all were in favor.
IV. GENERAL:
A. Budget: Bethea: Discussed the Charter Commission' s
budget through the election of 1990. Must contact
Finance Department Monday with estimate. Feels legal
expenses will be low after June 30, 1990 , but that
printing and public information costs for the election
will be expensive. Feels $70, 000 may cover the costs.
Bob Shoji will research public information costs.
B. MOTION: Mr. L'Orange made a motion that Chairman
Bethea be authorized to present a figure he feels is
justified to cover costs to the Finance Department . The
motion was seconded by Ms. Cushnie. Discussion took
680
Corrected: 12/15/89
place on details of handouts/mailouts , which was set over
for a later time. All were in favor of the motion.
V. PUBLIC TESTIMONY: Bill Graham/Kohala
A. Graham: Said single-member districts for the County
would be appropriate and preferable at this time; the
State and Federal legislative bodies are voted in at-
large (Tape 1: 1: 36) .
B. Graham: Mentioned the example of six single-member
districts with three elected at-large; said this method
of conducting elections places an undue burden on those
running at-large, monetarily and timewise.
C. Cushnie: Girard Brilliant said if this 6-3 system
were instituted, preferred the Council chair be named via
the largest vote-getter; he also suggested the largest
vote-getter , who would be chair, be named as a
replacement for the mayor, instead of the managing
director. Graham was asked how he felt re the above.
Graham: The 6-3 system creates two classes of Council
members. Greenwell: In Brilliant ' s example, the three
at-large members are also challengers of the mayor
because they come from the same at-large source;
Greenwell doesn' t like that.
VI. ITEM NO. 4 .a. ON THE AGENDA: Single-Member Districts
A. Discussion: Greenwell: Circulated copies of
numbers pertaining to census tracts of nine years ago.
The districts are divided two ways: 6-3 (Exhibit A) and
9-0 (Exhibit B) for the commission' s review; they give an
idea of the area/numbers covered by the districts.
Bethea: Questioned how the numbers would tie in with
precincts (Tape 1: 1: 25) . Yuen: Precincts are set up by
the Lt. Governor , who can redraw precinct lines .
Bethea: Questioned whether new precincts would be
created if reverted to nine single-member districts .
Yuen: Reapportionment committee establishes where the
districts are based on a population base; believes that
precinct boundaries coincide with census tract
boundaries . If a boundary problem exists , can contact
Lt. Governor to change a precinct. Yuen: West Hawaii
has large precincts.
681
B . Bethea: Presently have 6 legislative districts; if
we had 9 Council seats , we would have to create 9
districts. Juvik: State reapportions districts each
census also. Reapportionment committee would determine
the districts; people shouldn' t decide to vote for or
against the districts based on Exhibits A or B; districts
will be determined by reapportionment.
C . MOTION: Greenwell: Moved that action on district
representation be deferred; the motion was seconded by
Ms. Poppe. The motion was withdrawn by Mr. Greenwell.
D . MOTION: Greenwell : Made a motion to have nine
single-member districts (Tape 1 : 1: 12) . Ms. Poppe
seconded the motion.
1. Discussion: Lum: Questioned whether both options
could be offered to the voters : 9 single-member
districts and 6 regular with three at-large Council
electees. Yuen: Inconsistent alternatives may be
offered to voters , but it would create a problem
with ballot design.
Juvik: If two options were offered, 50% of the
voters would have to chose one option or else the
present system would be retained. Only one
alternative should be offered. Cushnie: Not
necessary to offer every option. Juvik: Purpose of
Charter Commission is to narrow down options , but
offer an option to present system.
Greenwell: Questioned whether should vote unless
everyone is present .
Poppe: Reminded everyone that once a majority
decided an issue, that issue should not be rehashed
(Tape 1 : 2:43) . Bethea: Correct , unless majority
member wanted to call for another vote. Juvik:
Still need the majority of commission members (six)
to vote on which plan to present to voters . And
members can abstain from voting.
2. Count on Motion: Those voting for or against the
proposal to allow 9-single-member districts to be
put on the ballot:
Cushnie: For
Fuertes: Wants to table the motion until all are
present to vote.
682
E . MOTION: Fuertes : Made a motion to table the
previous motion to allow 9-single-member districts to
appear on the ballot until all commission members were
present. The motion was seconded by Ms. Lum. A count
was taken to see who supported the motion (yes) or did
not support the motion (no) :
1. Count on Motion:
Cushnie: Yes Lum: Yes
Fuertes: Yes Nishikawa: Yes
Greenwell: No Poppe: No
Juvik: Yes Bethea: Yes
L 'Orange: Yes
The motion passed.
2. Discussion: Cushnie: All commission members should
make the effort to be present to vote, with no
excuses. Poppe: Concerned that there may not be a
meeting with all members present and items may
continually be deferred. Cushnie: Feels members
should not be allowed to abstain from voting.
Yuen: Cannot force people to vote; but the effect
of abstaining is a no vote. Cushnie: Feels it is a
courtesy to state a position.
L'Orange: Reminded commission members that this
motion will stay on the table until such time as
someone moves to take it off the table .
VII . AGENDA ITEM 4 .b. : Council Issues
A. MOTION: Juvik: Moved to defer action on this item
and move to item c. on the agenda. The motion was
seconded by Mr. L'Orange. All were in favor and the
motion carried.
VIII . AGENDA ITEM 4 .c. : Salary Commission
A. Discussion: Lum: Boranian recommended that the
Salary Commission set the salaries of all elected
officials , including the mayor, Council and the
prosecuting attorney. He also recommended that the
Salary Commission be confirmed by the Council . Bethea:
Salary Commission is now appointed by the mayor and is
not confirmed by Council (Tape 1: 2: 33) .
683
Bethea: Just because an item was brought up for
discussion doesn' t mean it has to be put on the ballot.
Juvik: Because Council does not confirm, therefore there
is no conflict with the Council setting salaries .
Poppe: Mayor is at the mercy of Council re approving his
salary.
Lum: Problem was that salaries of the mayor and
prosecuting attorney are based on formulas which use
collective bargaining salaries as a base; the mayor
approves these collective bargaining raises , thereby
giving himself a raise. That is the conflict.
L'Orange: Charter says the mayor ' s salary shall be
established by ordinance. Yuen: Boranian referred to
the pyramiding effect of civil service salaries being
raised; therefore, department heads ' salaries are raised
and the mayor ' s salary is raised.
B. MOTION: L'Orange: Moves that this section of the
Charter not be changed. The reason is , if the commission
cannot understand the workings of salary increases , how
can the commission explain it on the ballot to the
public. Ms. Poppe seconded the motion, and commented
that "if it ' s not broke, let ' s not fix it. " All were in
favor of the motion; motion carried.
C. 4 . Further discussion: Lum: Corp. Counsel was
concerned about this item also. Boranian submitted a
draft of new wording (see Page 510 , Vol. 3 , minute/
document books) relative to the salary section of the
Charter.
IX. AGENDA ITEM 4.d. : General Plan
A. Discussion. Bethea: Testimony was heard on
limiting the General Plan review. Yuen: Other testimony
included procedures for amending the General Plan,
opposition to allowing the Planning Director to propose
amendments to the General Plan during the review, a
general statement of purpose for the General Plan was
offered, plus testimony from Roger Harris and Kelly
Pomeroy.
L'Orange/Poppe: Doesn' t feel General Plan Charter
changes are the responsibility of this commission;
General Plan is a complicated item and Charter is worded
in a general way.
Juvik: General Plan is dozens of amendments for specific
pieces of property; plan should remain general. General
684
Plan approval is bogged down because of specific project
approvals . Could include a statement in Charter saying
that General Plan should remain general .
Juvik: Suggests that on pg. 6 of the Charter ,
"environmental quality" replace "air pollution" (Tape
1 : 2: 13) .
Juvik: Ms . Pomeroy suggested Sec. 3-16 (c) be changed;
Planning Director should not propose land use changes on
behalf of private developers. L'Orange: Explained
process; Council is frustrated by the process also.
Poppe: Developer plans are not addressed in the
Charter. She suggested making the whole of Sec. 3-16
more general by deleting/adding some material (Tape
2: 1 :46) . L'Orange: There ' s never been a development
plan passed for Kona, Kohala or Ka 'u. Poppe: Should
include in Charter that development plans will be passed;
concern was lack of development plans .
L'Orange: Suggested that if changes are to be made to
development plan, ought to have knowledgeable people
address the Charter Commission on what is/is not in the
document; time might prevent this from happening.
B. MOTION: L'Orange moves that the commission not take
any action or make any changes in the General Plan
section of the Charter. Mr. Greenwell seconded the
motion. After discussion Mr. L'Orange withdrew his
motion and Mr. Greenwell withdrew his second.
1 . Discussion: Juvik: Would like to see "environ-
mental quality" inserted in place of "air pollution"
in Sec. 3-16. Land rezoning is only significant
power County has to rezone or designate land;
therefore, community development plans , etc. need to
be addressed. If workshop is needed on
understanding General Plan operation, then it should
be arranged.
Bethea: "Air pollution" is a narrower term than
"environmental quality" , which would include other
issues. Questioned whether word changes could be
included in housekeeping items. Poppe: Would like
housekeeping items as one package offered to
voters . Yuen: Should have brief statement on the
ballot plus full text as it would read in new form.
Total commission agreed that "environmental quality"
should be used.
685
Bethea: Suggested one motion could be made and
various housekeeping matters could then be lumped
under that one motion.
Mr. L'Orange withdrew the motion and Mr. Greenwell ' s
second has been withdrawn.
C. MOTION: Juvik: Motions that the words "air
pollution" be changed to "air and water pollution" in
Sec. 3-16; and that "social , economic" be changed to read
"social , economic, environmental and governmental
issues . " Mr. L'Orange seconded the motion.
1 . Discussion: Poppe: The sentence is too long and
air pollution does not take in total meaning. Words
"environmental quality" should be the wording, or
"standards and principles with respect to
environmental quality. "
Juvik: Withdraws this motion and suggests that
Charter counsel redraft the sentence, not to change
the meaning of the section, except to add the
pollution and environmental quality concerns .
D. MOTION: L'Orange: Makes a motion that no changes
be made in the substance and intent of the General Plan
section of the Charter , except that the meaning of Sec.
3-16 shall be clarified. Mr. Greenwell seconded the
motion.
1 . Discussion. Juvik: Feels this being one of the
most important sections of the Charter , it should be
addressed.
2. Count on Motion:
Cushnie: No Lum: No
Fuertes : Yes Nishikawa: No
Greenwell : Yes Poppe: No
Juvik: No Bethea: Yes
L'Orange: Yes
3 . Further discussion: L'Orange: Would like to have
specific document before the commission showing
proposed changes. The General Plan is a very
complicated document. Bethea: There' s no set
change proposed yet. Juvik: Only agreeing to keep
the issue open at this time.
Bethea: Suggests Taka Domingo and Duane Kanuha be
asked to address us on the General Plan. Poppe:
686
Also suggests input from the Planning Commission.
L'Orange: The problem is with the process . Cushnie:
Maybe invite someone else to speak that has seen a
10-year progression of General Plan concerns . L'Orange:
Wants to know if it ' s appropriate to address this issue
through the Charter or through an appropriate ordinance.
X. AGENDA ITEM NO. 4 . e. : Police Commission
A. Discussion: Bethea: You have Charter counsel ' s
report (Exhibit C) . A committee is working on recommen-
dations. Lum: Expect to have the report ready by the
next meeting.
B. MOTION: Mr. Greenwell made a motion to defer this
item. Ms. Lum seconded the motion. All were in favor.
The motion was carried.
XI. AGENDA ITEM NO. 4 .f. : Deputies and Confirmation
A. Discussion: Bethea: Raised a question with respect
to Art . IV, Sec. 4-3 . Questioned whether the word
"appointed" should be changed to "nominated . " Questioned
Art. V and VI also. An issue is whether or not
appointees without confirmation should be subject to
confirmation. Greenwell: If you' re going to have
department heads approved by Council , then you might as
well make the mayor a city manager (Tape 2: 1 : 12) , because
then the mayor would no longer be responsible. Discussed
difference between staff and line agencies.
Yuen: Art. IV, Sec. 4-3 is significant with respect to
agencies created by ordinance. So this says if the
County does create an agency by ordinance, the person who
administers it shall be appointed by the mayor. No one
has raised any issues re this article (Tape 2: 2:43 ) .
Cushnie: Mr. Luke suggested changes in Sec. 4-5 (a) :
Concerning appointing and removing deputies or assistants
or private secretaries , wanted removed the statement ,
"and such positions shall be exempt from civil service
laws and classifications" and inserted, "whose status
shall be in accordance with civil service laws . "
Bethea: Feels that was a technical change. Cushnie:
Feels item should be checked into. Yuen: Suggested
rewriting it to say, private secretary is in an exempt
position under civil service. Suggested removing rest of
sentence after "secretary" ; the Luke change is to bring
the Charter into conformity with state law.
687
Bethea: Sec. 4-5 (a) : The sentence, "No such appointment
shall be made unless the positions have been created and
appropriations therefor have been made by the council"
was questioned. Thought County could mandate a deputy
and Council had to fund it (Tape 2: 2: 36) . Yuen: There
are no mandatory deputy positions in the Charter except
for the Assistant Corporation Counsel . Bethea: Feels
this should be added: "except for those positions
mandated by the Charter , which council must fund. "
Greenwell : Sec. 4-5 (a) : Through "created and
appropriations" , council is getting into administrative
area. Finance should have an assistant director.
Bethea: Need to defer second sentence in 4-5(a) .
Charter should provide whether there is a deputy. Feels
every department should have a deputy and council should
fund it. Greenwell : Agrees .
Juvik: Council complained because administration was
able to appoint permanent staff without council
approval . Jacobs: Reallocating positions is one method
of hiring staff. Yuen: Previous administration issue
was whether the salary ordinance could be a manning
table, i. e. could council spell out what every position
was going to be in the whole civil service system; mayor
didn' t want this; council did. Salary ordinance at this
time does not constitute a manning table. Bethea:
Should be obligation on part of council to reasonably
fund departments created by Charter.
Yuen: Minimum legal obligation on Council is to fund the
director ' s position in the department .
Bethea: Sec. 3-14 : Read "Adoption of Pay Plan" paragraph
in connection with Sec. 4-5 (a) , wondering if Sec. 3-14
and Sec. 4-5 affected each other , if the one sentence
beginning with, "No such appointment shall be made unless
the positions have been created and appropriations
therefor have been made by the council" (Sec. 4-5 (a) ) .
Agency heads can appoint or fire a deputy. Questioned
whether eliminating the above quote would alter Sec.
3-14 , because you are eliminating the need for council to
appropriate monies. L'Orange: Questioned whether should
add a sentence preventing Council from interpreting
another section of Charter. Yuen: Says can add to (a) ,
" , unless otherwise specifically stated in this Charter"
(Tape 2: 2: 18) , and then add a deputy to all existing
Charter departments necessary. Suggests retaining, "No
such appointment shall be made unless . . . " because there
is a question of non-Charter agencies (i .e. Housing) .
688
B. MOTION: Mr. Greenwell made a motion that every
Charter agency shall have a deputy position and a private
secretary position; Mr. L'Orange seconded.
1. Discussion: Yuen: There are two ways this can be
accomplished: a) give administration power to
create deputy position, and require council to fund
position; b) require deputy position whether or not
mayor feels it necessary. Bethea: Asked Chris to
draft up new language.
2. Count on Motion: (Some members left earlier. )
Nishikawa: Yes Cushnie: No
Fuertes: Yes L'Orange: Yes
Lum: Yes Greenwell: Yes
Bethea: Yes
XII . SET NEXT MEETING
It was decided the meeting would be on December 14th at
1 : 30 p.m. Place to be decided later.
XIII. ADJOURNMENT
The meeting was adjourned at 12: 15 p.m. upon motion made
by Mr. L'Orange and seconded by Mr. Nishikawa.
Respectfully submitted,
R. Marie Jacobs
Secretary-Assistant
689
SIX DIRECT-3 at large # of % of Approx. Notes
19,067 average People District Miles
District A6
219 Hamakua-Bdry. to
Paahau 3397
220 Hamakua-Paauhau to
Ookala 1903 Hamakua
221 N. Hilo-Ookala to to Hilo
Hakalau 1500
201 S. Hilo-Hakalau to Sugar
Paukaa 5693
202 S. Hilo-Paukaa to
Wainaku 1874
203 Hilo-Wainaku to
Ponohawai 4601
18968 47 mi.
District B6
204 Hilo 4291
205 Hilo 6080 100%
206 Hilo 3962 Hilo
207 Hilo (57% of
dist 207) 4734
19067 5 mi.
District C6
207 Hilo - (43% of 3510
dist. 207)
208 Hilo 7522 74% Hilo
209 Hilo - S. of Haihai St. 3074
210 Puna - Volcano, Mt.
View, Keaau, etc.
(43% of dist. 210) 4961 26% 30 mi.
19067
EXHIBIT A 690
(2 pages)
dit
SIX DIRECT # of % of Approx. Notes
people district miles
•
District D6
210 Puna - Volcano, Mt.
View, Keaau (57% of
dist. 210) 6447
211 Puna - Pahoa to 75% Puna
Kalapana 7593
212 Kau 4700 25%
18740
•
District E6
213 S. Kona to Capt. Cook 7300
214 S. Kona to Kealakekua 2997 Kona
215 N. Kona less Kailua
(60% of dist. 215) 5770
216 Kailua area (38 % of
dist. 216) 3000
19067 40 mi.
District F6
215 N. Kona less Kailua
(40% of dist. 215) 3918
216 Kailua area (62% of 45%
dist 216) 4814
217 S. Kohala 7100
55%
218 N. Kohala 3600
19432 55 mi.
At Large - (Hilo by experience) 3
A6 - Hamakua Coast into Hilo 1
B6 - Hilo 1
C6 - Hilo 1 E. Hawaii - 7
D6 - Puna/Kau 1
E6 - Kona 1 691
F6 - 45% Kona / 55% Kohalas 1 W. Hawaii - 2
•
NINE DIRECT
it of % of Approx. Notes
People District Miles
District A9
219 Hamakua (Nth Kohala 3397 27%
boundary-Paahau)
220 Hamakua (Paahau-
Ookala) 1903 15% All
221 N. Hilo (Ookala- Sugar
Hakalau) 1500 12% Comnty.
201 S. Hilo (Hakalau
Pau kaa) 5639 45%
12439
District B9
202 S. Hilo (Paukaa-
Wai nak u) 1874
203 Hilo (Wainaku- 100%
Ponohawai St.) 4601 Hilo
204 Hilo (Ponohawai •
-
Mohou l i St.) 4291.
205 Hilo (Mohouli-
Kanoalehua Ave.-32%
of distr. 205) 1934
12700
District Cq
205 Hilo (Mohouli-
Kanoalehua Ave.-68%
of d i st r.205) 4146 100%
206 Hilo (E. of Kanoalehua Hilo
Ave.-Puna Dist. bndry.) 3969
207 Hilo (Puainako-
Hai hai - 56% of
distr. 207) 4585
692
12700
EXHIBIT B
(3 pages)
NINE DIRECT # of ;'.;;i % of Approx. Notes
People District District Miles
District D9
207 Hilo (Puainako-
Haihai - 44% of
dist. 207) 3659 100%
208 Hilo (W. between Hilo
Waianuenue & Haihai
including Kaumana) 7522
209 Hilo (S. of Haihai -
49% of dist. 209) 1519 8 mi.
12700
District E9
209 Hilo (S. of Haiai
St. - 51% of
dist. 209) 1555 12% Puna
210 S. Hilo Boundary dist.
(Puna-Volcano -
includes Mt. View
and Glenwood, Keaau
and Hawaiian Acres) 11408 88%
12963 28 mi.
District F9
211 Puna (Pahoa-Kalapana-
Cape Kumakahi) 7593 60% Puna/
212 Kau (Kalapana-Pahala- Kau
Naalehu-S.Kona Bndry.) 4700 37%
213 S. Kona (Milolii to
Hookena - 5% of
distr. 213) 400 3%
12693 65 mi. 693
NINE DIRECT # of % of Approx. Notes
People District miles
District G9
213 S. Kona (Hookena
to Capt. Cook - 95%
of distr. 213) 6900 S. Kona
214 S. Kona (Capt. Cook ] 78% District
to Kealakekua) 2997 mostly
215 N. Kona (less Kailua - mauka
29% of distr. 215) 2803 22%
12700 17 mi.
District H9
215 N. Kona (less Kailua -
50% distr. 215) 4886 10 mi. 100%
216 N. Kona (Kailua area N. Kona
to Pal an i Road) 7814
12700
District I9
215 Northern part of
North Kona (50% of
distr. 215) 1999 16% South
217 S. Kohala 7100 56% Kohala
218 N. Kohala 3600 28%
12699 55 mi.
District A9 - Hamakua
District B9 - Hilo
District C9 - Hilo
District D9 - Hilo
District E9 - Puna 694
District F9 - Puna/Kau
District G9 - South Kona
District H9 - North Kona
District I9 - North/South Kohala
'y
CHRISTOPHER J. I. lJ EN HILO LAGOON CENTRE,SUITE 108
101 AUPUNI STREET
HILO,HAWAII 96720
ATTORNEY AT LAW TEL.(808)935-4429
November 27, 1989
Hawaii County Charter Commission
101 Aupuni Street
Hilo Lagoon Centre, Suite 235
Hilo, Hawaii 96720
Re: Political Activities of Police Officers
Dear Charter Commission Members:
I was asked to describe the limits which could be placed on
the political activities of police officers. In brief, the
County Charter could create any limits which do not contradict
the political rights established by H.R.S. §76-91. Permissible
limitations would include a prohibition against police officers
running for or holding elective office and prohibitions against
political activities while in uniform or during work hours.
State law (H.R.S. §76-91) gives all civil servants, including
police officers, the right to engage in most other kinds of
political activities.
The remainder of this letter gives the legal background for
the brief answer contained in the preceding paragraph. Two
points to keep in mind: (1) I will be describing the legal
parameters. The wisdom of imposing such limits is the Charter
Commission's decision. (2) , While I will be referring primarily
to police officers, the legal issues are the same for all civil
servants.
It is established as a 'matter of federal constitutional law
that the government may prohibit employees from soliciting or
receiving campaign contributions, belonging to party committees,
becoming candidates for partisan office, or taking part in
political campaigns in any way. The United States Supreme Court
has decided several times, most recently in 1973, that
substantial limitations may be placed on the political activities
of government employees, including off-duty activities, without
violating the U.S. Constitution. The government's interest in
having a work force that is untainted by partisan politics
outweighs the employee's normal rights under the First Amendment.
United Public Workers v. Mitchell, 330 U.S. 75 (1947) ; State of
Oklahoma v. United States Civil Service, 330 U.S. 127 (1947) ;
United States Civil Service Commission v. National Association of
Letter Carriers, 413 U.S. 548 (1973) ; Broadrick v. Oklahoma, 413
U.S. 601 (1973) .
695
EXHIBIT C
(4 pages)
The Supreme Court has never decided just how far the
government can go in limiting the political rights of its
employees. It seems clear, though, that it cannot forbid
employees from simply expressing political opinions. For
example, in Blaylock v. United States Merit Protection Board, 851
F. 2d 1348 (11th Cir. 1988) , the employee in question had written
a series of anti-Reagan, pro-Mondale articles for the union
newspaper. The appellate court held that these did not violate
the Hatch Act (which governs the political activities of federal
employees) , but that even if they had, there would be a serious
constitutional problem in disciplining an employee based on
political expression. In another case, Rogerski v. Board of Fire
and Police Commissioners of Moline, 6 Ill. App. 3d 604, 285 N.E.
2d. 230 (1973) , the State court declared that it was
unconstitutional to fire a police officer because he had broken a
departmental rule by engaging in a casual political discussion
with a member of the public. As a general rule, the expression
of political opinions by an off-duty government employee will be
protected under the First Amendment if it is not part of an
organized political campaign. Blaylock.
The constitutional issues are not critical in Hawaii because
there is a State statute which places some express limitations on
the political activities of members of the civil service but
which at the same time grants considerable rights. H.R.S. §76-91
provides:
Political Activities. No person in the civil
service shall (1) use his official authority or
influence for the purpose of interfering with an
election or affecting the result thereof; (2) use his
official authority or influence to coerce the action of
any person or party; (3) be obliged to contribute to
any political fund or to render any political service,
nor shall he be removed or otherwise prejudiced for
refusing to do so or (4) solicit or receive any '
political contribution from any officer or employee, or
from any person in any State or County building or from
any person receiving any benefit under any law of the
State appropriating funds for relief or public
assistance or discriminate in favor of, or against any
officer or employee on account of political
contribution.
The foregoing prohibited activities shall not be
deemed to preclude the right of any person in the civil
service to vote as he chooses and to express his
opinions on all political subjects and candidates, nor,
to be a member of any political party, organization or
club. Any person in the civil service may make
voluntary contributions to a political organization for
its general expenditures. "Contribution" includes a
69.6 .
-2-
gift, subscription, loan, advance, or deposit of money
or anything of value, and includes a contract, promise,
or agreement, whether or not legally enforceable, to
make a contribution.
H.R.S. §76-92 establishes other rules for civil service
employees (and others) : it illegal for any candidate, public
officer, or employee to "solicit or assess" political
contributions from civil servants; it is illegal for any person
to solicit political contributions from civil service employees
in public buildings; it is illegal to allow political
contributions or activities to influence personnel decisions; and
it is illegal for one public officer or employee to give anything
to another to be applied to any political purpose.
You will recall from my earlier letter on State-County
relations that in civil service matters State law will prevail
over contradictory provisions in a County charter. HGEA v.
County of Maui, 59 Haw. 65, 576 P. 2d 1029 (1978) . H.R.S. §76-91
and §76-92 apply to civil service employees of Hawaii County, and
police officers are civil service employees. Therefore, the
County Charter cannot impose restrictions on the political
activities of police officers that contradict the rights given in
H.R.S. §76-91.
An argument can be made that the County may not impose any
political limits beyond those contained in H.R.S. §76-91 and §76-
92. There is a legal doctrine called "pre-emption" : when the
State legislature has enacted a law that is intended to
completely regulate the particular subject area, the County
cannot enact further laws, even if they do not directly
contradict State law. I would not regard the political
activities of civil service employees as a pre-empted issue
because the State constitution gives the counties the power to
enact a code of ethics for its employees, and the regulation of
political activities is closely related to ethics in 'government.
(Haw. State Const. art. xiv. )
H.R.S. §76-91 covers most political actions. I would
interpret the right to belong to a political organization to
include taking an active role in a political campaign and to hold
an office in a political party or subcommittee. The major
political activity not mentioned in H.R.S. §76-91 is candidacy
for public office (or holding public office) , and the County
could prohibit this. The County may also forbid any political
activity by police officers while in uniform. This is consistent
with the prohibition in H.R.S. §76-91 against the use of official
position or authority for political purposes: any time a police
officer acts while in uniform, there exists the strong appearance
that he or she is invoking the authority of that uniform.
Political activities during work hours may also be prohibited:
697
-3-
work hours are for work, and employees may be disciplined for
carrying out non-work functions during work hours.
Whether the county may prohibit police or other civil
service employees from ever soliciting political donations
presents a closer question. It can be argued that by prohibiting
civil service employees from soliciting contributions from
recipients of state assistance, or from any other officer or
employee, or from anybody while in a public building, State law
impliedly permits them to solicit contributions at other times.
Still, the law does not expressly say that they must be given
that right, so my opinion would be that the county could impose
such a prohibition.
I suspect that the members of the Charter Commission may
think of other kinds of political activity not covered by this
letter. I will be happy to discuss any other issues about which
the members may have inquiries.
Yours truly,
•
% /�' -(z
Christopher J. \ 'en
L
[,
698_
-4-