HomeMy WebLinkAbout2019-01-23 Meeting Minutes (EMC)
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
COUNTY OF HAWAIʻI
MEETING MINUTES
Wednesday, January 23, 2019
9:05 a.m. to 11:23 a.m.
Aging and Disability Resource Center
1055 Kinoʻole Street, Suite 101 (Training Room)
Hilo, Hawaiʻi
Commissioners present:
Richard Bennett, Ph.D., Chair
Jon Olson, Vice Chair
James Fritz
Dee Fulton
Rick Gaffney
Luana Neff
Justin Pequeño
Staff present:
William Kucharski, Director
Keyra Wong, Deputy Corporation Counsel
Mary Fujio, Secretary
Also present: Two members of the public.
1. CALL TO ORDER
Chair Bennett called the meeting to order at 9:05 a.m.
2. APPROVAL OF MINUTES OF NOVEMBER 28, 2018
Motion and second: Commissioner Gaffney moved to approve the minutes and
Commissioner Pequeño seconded the motion.
Discussion: Commissioner Gaffney pointed out that when they are reviewing a bill,
such as they did with Bill 210 at the previous meeting, the motion should be to recommend
adoption or non-adoption of the bill rather than to approve or not approve it, as the EMC
cannot approve bills. Ms. Wong said in the future they should use clearer wording on
whether they are recommending approval or adoption of a bill.
3. STATEMENTS FROM THE PUBLIC ON AGENDA ITEMS
Cory Harden: If sewer fees are to be increased, the people who are doing the right
thing are being penalized, whereas those on cesspools don’t pay anything. It would be
fairer to increase property taxes than sewer fees. She passed out a flyer about a
“Reinvented Toilet Expo” held a few months ago. She suggested they look into the different
types of toilets, because waste should be seen as a resource. She would like Bill Gates to do
a video presentation to the County Council to get the momentum going on sewer
alternatives.
4. UNFINISHED BUSINESS
a. Chair’s update on Water Sustainability Policy White Paper and plans.
Chair Bennett said several things came up that took priority over the white paper, so
he is still working on it. He deferred the matter to the February meeting. The intention is
to have the draft out to the subcommittee so it can be discussed thoroughly at the February
meeting.
5. NEW BUSINESS
a. Informational discussion on the State’s Water Reuse Task Force Report.
Chair Bennett said this was under New Business because the EMC had agreed as a
commission to respond to the report, rather than to draft their own policies on water
reuse.
(1) Director’s introduction to the report.
Director Kucharski explained he was a member of the task force, which was created
during the last legislative session to look at water reuse in Hawaiʻi and come up with ideas
on how to increase it. The task force came up with goals and looked at ways water could be
reused and what the institutional barriers are. They identified ten top recommendations
and also came up with several demonstration projects, which included the Kealakehe
WWTP R-1 upgrade, with the focus on marketing the water and management of the
resource. They also looked at funding for the design of the planned regional park in Kona to
have a dual piping system. Public outreach is needed to start educating people about water
reuse and how, if treated properly, it can be purer than water that comes out of the ground.
(2) Commission’s input.
Commissioner Gaffney was pleased that the Kealakehe WWTP is one of the
demonstration projects. There are other possible users of the water that are not listed in
the report, and one is the state ag park. Director Kucharski said the transmission costs far
exceed what the County can recoup. The R-1 system was originally at $54 million and is
closer to $70 million currently. Commissioner Gaffney said the state should help with the
cost, as it ultimately benefits the desire to increase agriculture in Hawaiʻi.
Director Kucharski said the salinity of the water needs to be reduced—the system
should be changed so they get less sea water intrusion. They also need to plan for more R-
1 facilities further north, where there will most likely be more development.
Commissioner Gaffney said he harps on it because the ag park and HELCO next to it
are massive users of our freshwater resources. If they could be broken of that habit and
use cheaper water, everybody would win. Director Kucharski said the more water they
recycle, the less demand there will be on the aquifers. Part of the sustainability goal is to
make the reuse more prevalent and to reuse as much as they can.
Commissioner Gaffney said he would like follow-up on the legislation, and Director
Kucharski said he follows all the environmental legislation that affects his department and
submits comments. He can provide copies of his comment letters.
Commissioner Olson said water reuse was discussed in the County many years ago,
and it kept getting put off. Nobody got the funding. For his Puna District, the concern is
closing all the cesspools and replacing them with systems people can afford. Puna has large
lot sizes, and some composting toilets have been approved. They can contact Dr.
Weatherford if they want to learn more about that, as he has gotten two systems approved.
However, it always comes down to the money.
Commissioner Pequeño said the main barriers in the report for water reuse seem to
be regulatory, financial, social, and infrastructure. For infrastructure, he would
recommend they look into the opportunity zones that have been designated on the Big
Island, which are the most urbanized areas of Hilo, Panaewa, and Kona. There are tax
incentives for private investment and development in these areas, and the County could try
to influence implementing water reuse in them. Director Kucharski said that water reuse
in a tropical rain forest ecosystem is not particularly beneficial to anyone. The demand is
significantly higher in drier areas.
Chair Bennett had several comments:
• It is distressing that we have institutional barriers that hinder R-1 water
development. It is understandable to him from a regulatory perspective, but not from a
resource perspective.
• Do not expect the agricultural community to jump at using R-1 water. An incentive
system needs to be created. What started out in Petaluma and Santa Rosa at a huge cost
turned into a very successful money maker, irrigating 7,000+ acres of arid pastureland and
vineyards with tertiary, or R-1 water. That approach needs to be considered here. When
the EPA granted the County of Hawaiʻi about $50 million to extend the sewer line down Aliʻi
Drive to Queen Kalama, there was a reuse component in the contract that the water was to
be reclaimed. This has not happened.
• The report is good in the way it looks at municipal wastewater systems. However,
the idea of reusing graywater in the home is not mentioned at all, yet it is the biggest
opportunity to reuse water and keep it out of the cesspits.
Chair Bennett asked the director how they could respond to the report and share
their thoughts with the legislature. Director Kucharski said the task force has been
disbanded. A legislative package will be coming out, and he will be providing written
testimony on the various environmental bills. The only method to comment now is to
follow the legislation and submit testimony.
The commissioners discussed how the state cannot afford to disassociate water
reuse from wastewater management, but Vice Chair Olson said the issue is totally
disconnected from his environment and the Puna community due to the low population,
large lot sizes, and the fact they are not connected to a governmental water system.
Director Kucharski said he agrees that one size does not fit all, and the Cesspool Conversion
Working Group is looking at what will make sense in different areas. In addition, the
geology of the Big Island is different from the other islands.
Chair Bennett said the report does not mention adopting the 2016 Uniform
Plumbing Code with the green supplements, and Director Kucharski said it was discussed
and pushed for adoption, but it is difficult to address at the state level and then drop it
down to the county level. Whatever is adopted by a county will have to be shown to be not
less restrictive than the state. Chair Bennett said it appears the state does not trust the
Uniform Plumbing Code process, which is used in hundreds of counties in many other
states. Vice Chair Olson said it is clear the state is the obstruction.
Chair Bennett said it all hinges on a blind assumption that human waste is teeming
with viruses, bacteria, and parasites that are waiting to kill us should we touch it. However,
science says this is categorically not true. He asked if there were a couple of commissioners
who would be willing to be on a subcommittee to draft recommendations to the legislature
relative to reuse policy, and Commissioner Gaffney and Vice Chair Olson volunteered.
The commissioners discussed what the procedure should be used in responding to
the report. Ms. Wong said the cleanest way is to focus on DEM’s purview and
responsibilities. The response should be submitted to Director Kucharski, with a copy to
the Mayor and County Council. Director Kucharski can push the letter through, such as
when he offers testimony on bills in the legislature. Director Kucharski pointed out that the
bills will be going to the Committee on Water and Land rather than the environmental
committee.
Chair Bennett said that even though cesspit closure, individual home waste
management, and reuse are currently on different legislative tracks, there is a tremendous
interconnection. He requested Commissioner Gaffney to follow up on and reveal those
interconnections. If they are bifurcated legislatively, opportunities will be missed.
Commissioner Fulton brought up that at the previous meeting, they had created a
subcommittee which was to review alternatives to conventional wastewater treatment
plants. Chair Bennett said it was a hope and has yet to materialize. Also, it is outside the
purview of DEM, but that does not mean they have to remain silent.
b. Discussion on Bill 210, which proposes to increase wastewater service
charge rates to cover the costs of providing the services. The County
Council wants the Commission to discuss alternative funding options
other than sewer user fees and comment on the fee schedule options of
1 year, 3 years, or 5 years. A recommendation to Council is also
requested for these options. The Commission can also propose
alternatives to these scenarios.
Chair Bennett said it appeared the Council feels that Bill 210 is repressive and puts
the burden on the existing sewer users, and is asking the EMC to look at what can be done
to soften the blow. He had prepared a draft letter from the EMC to the Council responding
in support of Bill 210, while also encouraging some alternatives for funding, operation, and
maintenance. He read his draft aloud:
Dear Chair Chung: At the last duly commissioned meeting of the Environmental
Management Commission, a unanimous vote of support was communicated to the
Council for Bill 210. Since that time, the chairman has been informed of concerns
about raising fees, especially for lower-income residents. We appreciate that concern,
and we encourage the Council to explore mechanisms for funding from all county
residents and visitors in order to keep the sewer system operating as required by state
and federal regulations.
Some members of the County Council have suggested the EMC provide an analysis of
financial options to fund sewer maintenance and operations. However, financing of
community infrastructure is both outside the charge and expertise of the EMC.
The EMC does offer some perspective as to why deferring maintenance and the
expertise to manage wastewater operations is simply not a wise course of action. The
sewer systems of the county were originally funded by a combination of federal, state,
and county funds. Thus, all persons have contributed in some fashion and all persons
benefit. Efficient sewer operations are critical for the public’s health and the beneficial
uses of the near coastal waters. Both issues are very large in the current public
discourse.
The sewer systems in both East and West Hawaiʻi are aging rapidly in a highly
corrosive marine environment. Now at 30 to 50 years of age, the rate of deterioration
is increasing, making repairs expensive and in some cases technically unsound.
Deferring maintenance can have the effect of making repairs as expensive as building
a new system.
All conventional sewer systems leak, the extent to which is determined by the age and
maintenance of the system. Inward leakage is called infiltration and inflow, or I and I.
Groundwater, seawater, rainwater enters the lines in breaks, holes, and separations
and greatly adds to the volume and cost and efficiency of treatment. Inefficient
treatment raises the risk of wastewater discharge that is partially treated; and as a
result, public health is placed at risk.
Seawater is infiltrating the sewer lines serving the Kealakehe Wastewater Treatment
Plant. The plant is undergoing a $70 million upgrade to produce R-1 water for reuse.
Reclaimed water with high salt and chloride content is unsuitable for most irrigation
applications. Thus, the value of the water and the investment in reuse is in jeopardy
from deferred maintenance. Failure of the reuse program will result in continued
discharge of wastewater to the environment and increase the prospects of legal
challenges, as occurred to Maui County.
The other form of sewer leakage is exfiltration. In this case, when a defect in a pipe
arises and pressures from pumping stations or force mains are applied, sewage can
flow out into the environment. Along the coastal areas where sewers are common,
exfiltration is a major concern. The EPA estimates that aged sewers can leak between
30% and 50% of the flows. Currently, measuring exfiltration is not easy to do and
therefore not conducted by most U.S. municipalities. Any exfiltration conveys human
pathogens and the nutrients nitrogen and phosphorus to the ground water. If the
sewers are to be a future option for cesspit closures, exfiltration must be monitored
and controlled via regular operational surveillance and repairs. Hence, it is easy to
discern that efficient sanitary sewer systems are in the vital interest of all county
residents and visitors.
Extending the fee increases over a five-year period may on first blush seem fair and
harmless. However, we advise the county to move forward to enhance sewer efficiency
sooner rather than later. We further suggest a funding mechanism be explored to
include all residents and visitors to support sewer operations that protect public
health, the oceans, property values, and the economy.
We welcome any opportunity to further serve the County Council and our community.
Sincerely.
Director Kucharski explained that with Bill 210, the fees would go up 80% to 90%
and would still be the lowest in the state. The increase would help in the operation and
maintenance of existing sewer facilities and lines. About 18% of the county population is
on sewer, which means 82% of the cost is now being shared by all county residents. Part of
the increase will allow the Wastewater Division to hire additional personnel who will be
necessary to operate the R-1 system. Without the increase, he does not know how they will
afford the additional personnel. The rate increase is also to allow them to catch up
financially, because they have been doing nothing but crisis management for the last 10 to
20 years. He asked the commissioners to discuss Bill 210 again and provide the support
they feel is appropriate.
Motion and second: Commissioner Pequeño moved that they maintain their
previous recommendation to the Council for the three-year graduated rate increase. Vice
Chair Olson seconded the motion.
Discussion: Commissioner Gaffney mentioned they had previously discussed
alternative potential funding sources via grants, such as at the federal level and through
NGOs. However, as DEM has no grant writer, it is extremely unlikely they will be able to
access any of those monies. He is not sure this is relevant to the motion on the floor,
however.
Commissioner Pequeño said since it is a flat rate system, an alternative could be to
charge based on water usage. Director Kucharski said that is a recommended system for
allowing people who do not have a lot of excess income to minimize their sewer bill.
However, it would require major changes, and he did not want to complicate the rate
increase with it—it would be too much at one time.
Commissioner Fulton asked Director Kucharski how the fees are assessed for
resorts, and he explained that most of them are on private systems. Those that are on the
county sewer are charged under a commercial rate fee plus a cost per 1,000 gallons of
water. They pay in excess of what a resident pays, per person. They use and discharge a lot
of water.
Motion withdrawn and new motion made and seconded: Commissioner
Pequeño withdrew his motion to maintain their previous recommendation to the Council
for the three-year graduated rate increase. He moved to adopt Chair Bennett’s letter to the
Council written on behalf of the EMC, in affirmation of their previous recommendation to
the Council. Vice Chair Olson withdrew his previous second and seconded the new motion.
Discussion: Commissioners Gaffney and Pequeño had a few changes they wanted
made to the letter Chair Bennett had drafted, and everyone agreed on the changes.
Motion, second, and vote: Vice Chair Olson moved to approve the letter as
amended, Commissioner Pequeño seconded the motion, and all commissioners voted aye.
6. REPORTS/CORRESPONDENCE
a. Chair’s Report.
Chair Bennett said he had done some research and wanted to provide comments in
a Chair’s Report, which was just for informational purposes.
(1) The Commission’s work.
(a) Our “business.”
He consulted the Office of Information Practices and reviewed some of the legal
opinions. The official business of the EMC has Sunshine Law implications in terms of what
can be discussed outside of an official meeting, but the question is what really constitutes
commission business. The OIP says references to official business are matters over which a
board has supervision, control, jurisdiction, or advisory power. It also says official business
is matters that are before the board or likely reasonably expected to come before the
board. The commissioners are not constrained from discussing matters that are not on
their agendas or likely to be.
(b) The importance of the agenda.
Chair Bennett said he would like agenda items to be clear on whether they are for
discussion and action or just for information.
(c) The meeting schedule.
Chair Bennett said it has been suggested that they reduce their meetings to six per
year. He is personally frustrated that they only meet once a month, as it limits their
productivity.
Commissioner Pequeño proposed keeping the monthly schedule and lengthening
the ending time to 11:30 a.m. or 12:00 p.m.
Chair Bennett said this matter will be on the February agenda, so commissioners
can think about it and make suggestions then.
(2) Environmental reports to the Office of Environmental Quality Control.
Chair Bennett said the OEQC publishes EISs and EAs to give the public knowledge
and an opportunity to respond. Sometimes it is appropriate for the EMC to respond to
these. However, he was distressed at a previous meeting to be told by Corporation Counsel
that they could not talk about an EA unless they did so in executive session. Therefore, he
had asked the commissioners if any of them wanted to go into executive session to discuss
the EA, and no one said they wanted to. He has since learned that the OIP and Sunshine
Law prohibit discussing EAs and EISs in executive session. It has to be done in public.
Ms. Wong said that may be correct in general, though she has not seen the opinion
Chair Bennett was referring to. However, the incident the Chair was referring to needed to
be handled differently because there was pending litigation against the county regarding
the EA/EIS, or lack of one.
Chair Bennett said he understands the lawsuit, but the EA stands alone as a public
document that the EMC should have discussed, and yet they were told they could not. He
would like to see a legal opinion from OIP about that. Vice Chair Olson said Chair Bennett
could contact the OIP to request that opinion.
(3) Public testimony recommendations.
Chair Bennett said he learned that public testimony does not have to be limited to
three minutes. The time limit is at the EMC’s discretion. Ms. Wong said she believes it has
to be a minimum of three minutes, and the chair has the discretion to allow someone to
speak longer.
Chair Bennett said he just wanted the commissioners to be comfortable with him
making a judgment call if he feels a testifier needs to be given more time.
(4) Standing subcommittee’s recommendation.
Chair Bennett said that subcommittees are important to take on the work the EMC
needs to take on. It cannot be done from one commission meeting to another. He
encouraged the commissioners to participate in subcommittees that are of interest to them
to further the missions of the EMC.
(5) Commissioner recruitment recommendations.
Chair Bennett said there are nine seats on the EMC, and they have never all been
filled during his time. He encouraged the commissioners to seek people in the appropriate
districts who may be willing to serve.
Director Kucharski commented that the code section that gives the EMC only 45
days to provide comment on a bill is not conducive to their function, especially since if the
EMC does not comment, it is taken as rejection or non-support. They may want to consider
requesting the language be changed, because there may not be a quorum every month and
there is no meeting in December. It is inappropriate for a bill to have a negative
recommendation if the EMC is unable to meet and provide a response.
Ms. Wong said a proposal to draft language to change the Hawaiʻi County Code
Section 2-207 should be placed on the February agenda.
b. Director’s Informational Report.
• The Notice to Proceed for the design of the compost facility has gone to HER
(Hawaiian Earth Recycling). Because the location of the facility was changed, the county
had to bid out the construction according to County Code and procurement requirements.
HER will be doing the design since they are going to be the operator. Once the design is
done, a contractor will be hired by the county to construct the facility, and then HER will
take control and manage it.
• Since 2014, the county has towed over 12,600 abandoned vehicles and
disposed of them. That is a huge number.
• The ban on polystyrene food containers comes into effect on July 1, 2019.
The legislation required that DEM put together an education program on alternatives to
polystyrene. He will be doing a presentation on this before the County Council’s
Agriculture, Water, Energy and Environmental Management Committee on February 4,
2019. He can send the commissioners the layout of the education program and the slide
presentation later.
Director Kucharski answered several questions from Commissioner Fritz regarding
the sort station tonnages in the Director’s Informational Report, as well as a question on
how DEM will be handling the waste increase at the West Hawaiʻi land?ill once the Hilo
landfill closes. He also answered questions from Commissioner Gaffney about electronics
recycling and the Kealakehe WWTP Effluent R-1 Upgrade.
7. FUTURE AGENDA ITEMS
No discussion was held on this.
8. ANNOUNCEMENTS
Commissioner Neff announced that this was her last meeting, as her term had
ended. She also recommended that the scheduled site visit of the Pāpaʽikou Transfer
Station not be held today, as the traffic was very bad on the highway. Director Kucharski
told her she can come back any time if she wants a site visit there, and he would be happy
to arrange it. She said her concern is that it sits on the Kapue Stream.
Commissioner Neff performed a Hawaiian chant she said was given to her by Aunty
Edith, a beloved kumu. She said she was honored to serve on the commission and feels
deep aloha and appreciation. She thanked the commissioners for all the work they are
doing and for their concerns about keeping Hawaiʻi safe, clean, and beautiful.
9. ADJOURNMENT
At 11:23 a.m., Chair Bennett announced that the meeting was adjourned.
Respectfully submitted:
___________________________________
Mary E. Fujio, Secretary