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t John A. Wagner and CharleAa:tlboshi `tapplication for Change of Zone c Public Access: 22. Existing Public Access to and Along Shoreline or Mountain Areas There is no existing public access to and along the shoreline or to mountain areas through or proximate to the Property. Social-Economic Characteristics: 23. Social Settlement Pattern for the Area Most historians agree that the first inhabitants arrived to the Big Island of Hawaii from Polynesia around 1100 AD. Oral history has many references to people living in Hilo, along the Wailuku and Wailoa rivers durhig the Lime of aacieaL Hawaii. Well before Hawaii became a State or even a territory of the United States, Chinese, Japanese, Filipinos, Koreans, and Portuguese arrived here as contract workers on sugarcane plantations. Originally,the name "Hilo", applied to one large district encompassing much of the Big Island's east coast,now divided into the two Districts of South and North Hilo. When the English missionary and author William Ellis visited Hilo in 1823,the main settlement was in Waiakea on the south shore of Hilo Bay. Missionaries came to the district in the early-to-middle 19th century, founding Haili Church. Hilo expanded as sugar plantations in the surrounding area created jobs and drew in many workers from Asia and other locales. Many left for the U.S. mainland, but many others stayed and carved out lives and livelihoods, ultimately giving rise to Hilo's diverse ethnic and racial culture. As a result of the 1960 tsunami, Hilo's low-lying bayfront areas on the Waiakea peninsula and along Hilo Bay, previously populated, were rededicated as parks and memorials, including the Liliuokalani Park and Gardens. Beginning in the 1960's, Hilo expanded inland. The downtown found a new role in the 1980s as the city's cultural center. Featured important cultural centers include: the Palace Theater, East Hawaii Cultural Center, Lyman Museum and Mission House, Pacific Tsunami Museum, Imiloa Astronomy Center, Mokupapapa Discovery Center, University of Hawaii Performing Art Center,the Hilo downtown Public Library and the Wailoa Center. Hilo is filled with historic buildings, interesting shops, and parks and has a constant stream of performances, festivals and events, the annual Merrie Monarch Festival being by far the largest'such event. Closure of the sugar plantations in the 1990s hurt the local economy, coinciding with a general statewide slump. But in recent years, Hilo has seen commercial and population growth, boosted by a growth in tourism, expansion of the University of Hawaii, and the relatively stable housing market. The 2018 census data indicates a population of 46,284 for all of Hilo, encompassing 53.4 square miles with a population density of 866.9 people per square mile. The median age is 40, with the largest population group(60%) in the age range of 18-64. The populace is 52% female. The largest ethnicity 1 race group is Asian (32%),with 31% identifying as two or more races 1 ethnicities combined. Sixteen t percent are white or Caucasian and only 9% identify as Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander. The per capita income is approximately$28,012 with the median household income being$60,120. Nineteen percent of people are below the poverty line including 28% of children(below age 18)and'9% of