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Page 5 <br />1 licensed midwives do not reside in Hawai'i at all. Equitable balancing and assurance of access <br />2 to licensure for Hawai'i residents is important. <br />3 6. Justice. Since licensure began in 2019, new scholarly data clarified that people of <br />4 color experience systemic injustice at disproportionate rates. Meaningful choices about where, <br />5 how, and with whom to birth are constrained when those who are needed to help enact those <br />6 choices face legal penalties for doing so, and the birthing person could also be implicated. Fear <br />7 of systemic discrimination has resulted in some birthing people in Hawaii choosing to give <br />8 birth with no assistance, rather than risk potential systemic repercussions from use of an <br />9 unlicensed provider. It is therefore urgent that systemic barriers to birth support be removed, to <br />1.0 ensure both safety and increased systemic justice. <br />11 7. Diversity. The White House Blueprint for Addressing the Maternal Health Crisis <br />12 (June, 2022) is clear that "The lack of diversity in clinical providers and non -clinical workers is <br />13 troubling, especially given studies that show how beneficial care from diverse providers can be, <br />14 especially for women of color." A diversity of practices are needed in order to address the <br />15 current maternal health crisis in Hawaii and meet the needs of Hawai`i`s multicultural and <br />16 rural communities. Since licensure began in 2019, it has become clear that there is a very broad <br />1.7 spectrum of cultural, religious, and historically traditional birth practices in Hawaii, outside of <br />18 licensed clinical midwife practice. Diversification of legally available options is urgently <br />19 needed to protect cultural practices, ensure reproductive autonomy, increase access to care, and <br />20 improve health outcomes and mortality rates. <br />21 The Hawaii Regulatory Licensing Reform Act, HRS Chapter 26H requires the State to <br />22 regulate professions only "when the health, safety, or welfare of the consumer may be <br />23 jeopardized by the nature of the service" based upon "evidence of abuses by providers of the <br />5 <br />