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decades, the State and County government <br />argued over maintenance responsibility <br />because of limited resources. Typically, <br />existing roads are referred to as <br />" government roads" or "homestead roads". <br />Shelter -Burdened, also known as cost - <br />burdened, are those who pay more than 30 <br />percent of their income for housing and may <br />have difficulty affording necessities such as <br />food, clothing, transportation, and medical <br />care. Severe rent burden is defined as paying <br />more than 50 percent of one's income on rent. <br />Shoreline is the upper reaches of the wash of <br />the waves, other than storm and seismic <br />waves, at high tide during the season of the <br />year in which the highest wash of the waves <br />occurs, usually evidenced by the edge of <br />vegetation growth, or the upper limit of debris <br />left by the wash of the waves. <br />Shoreline Setback Area is the land area <br />between the shoreline and the shoreline <br />setback line established by the Planning <br />Department running inland from and parallel <br />to the certified shoreline at a horizontal plane. <br />Silviculture is the development or <br />maintenance of a forest or wooded preserve. <br />Silvopasture is the deliberate integration of <br />trees and grazing livestock operations on the <br />same land. <br />Smart Growth is the overall approach to <br />development that encourages a mix of building <br />types and uses, diverse housing and <br />transportation options, development within <br />existing neighborhoods, and robust community <br />engagement. <br />Special Area Plans are plans prepared by a <br />county department or agency for a specific <br />area for the purpose of master Planning,, <br />redevelopment planning, or other purpose <br />that may but is not required to be adopted by <br />resolution or ordinance. <br />Special Management Area (SIVIA) is the area <br />that extends inland from the shoreline and is <br />designated for special protections. The State <br />of Hawaii Office of Planning administers <br />Hawaii Revised Statutes (HRS) Chapter 205A, the <br />Coastal Zone Management (CZM) law, and the <br />purpose of HRS Chapter 205A is to "provide for the <br />effective management, beneficial use, protection, <br />and development of the Coastal Zone." The SMA <br />permitting system is part of the CZM Program <br />approved by Federal and State agencies. <br />Sprawl is low -density land -use patterns that are <br />automobile -dependent, energy and land <br />consumptive, and may lead to an inefficient and <br />undesirable distance between residences and <br />their needed infrastructure and services. <br />Stakeholder is any individual, group, or <br />organization that has an interest or concern in a <br />particular project, decision, or activity and can be <br />affected by its outcomes. Stakeholders can include <br />a wide range of entities, such as employees, <br />customers, suppliers, investors', government <br />agencies, community members, and non- <br />governmental organizations. They can influence or <br />be influenced by the objectives, policies, and <br />performance of an organization or project. <br />Effective stakeholder engagement and <br />management are crucial for the success and <br />1 <br />sustainabiiity of any initiative, as it helps ensure <br />that diverse perspectives and interests are <br />considered. <br />Sustainabilityis defined as meeting the needs of <br />the present without compromising the ability of <br />future generations to meet their own needs. <br />Sustainability requires a balanced approach of <br />managing present-day environmental, social, and <br />economic needs to ensure harmony between <br />economic growth, environmental systems., and <br />social well-being. <br />Sustainable Yield., according to Hawaii Revised <br />Statutes Chapter 174C, is the maximum rate at <br />which water may be withdrawn from a water <br />source without impairing the utility or quality of the <br />water source as determined by the commission. <br />Tax Increment Financing (TIF) is a public funding <br />method that uses future property tax increases to <br />pay for community improvements. <br />Time Share Unit is any multiple -family dwelling <br />unit or hotel, which is owned, occupied or <br />possessed, under an ownership and/or use <br />Glossary I County of Hawaii General Plan <br />