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CAST CC IL FOR AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOG . =ISSUE PAPER ~ l.~~ti~~ _,1~~~~-,~~, NUMBER 7 APRIL 1996 `~,If'41L~ RADIATION PASTEURIZATION OF FOOD AUTHORS: DONALD W. THAYER (COCltair), U. De- pnrnnent of Agriculture. ARS, ERRC. Philadelphia. Pennyslvauia; EDWARD S. JosErxsoN (Cocltairj. L'MDIARY cal Association, the Ameri- Radiation asteuriza- Food Science and Nutrition Research Center. Uni- P can Dietetic Association. [he _ lion of foods with low doses versin~ of Rhode !Bland. West Kingston: ARt Ins[imte of Food Ttchnolo- of gamma rays. X-rays, and gRY~toLFSSO~, Wm(and. Massnchusettsr GEOttce gists, and the health authori- electronswill effectively con- ties of approximately =0 G. GIDOtNCS (Deceased). /ntenmtional Atnrnic En- trol foodbore pathogens on countries. beet. pork. Iamb, and fish. As ergr Agency, Vienna. Austria; REVtewexs: JL•Llcs used here rndiatiort pasteur- VI. Coon, rYLD., Jenkinron, Pennsplvanin: SANFORD INTRODUCTION i;ation means the destruction A D•LLLER. Graduate School of Biomedical Science. Although largely pre- of pathogenic non-spore ventable, foodbome illness formino foodbome bacteria Univecsin• of Tesnr Health Science Center of San remains a serious problem in and parasitic organisms, such Antonio; bloRRts E. POTTER. DV~N. Centers for Dis- the United States. A report b~~ as trichina. Radiation pasteur- rase Control and Prevention. Atlanta. Georgia: the Council for Agricultural iza[ion therefore can protect Science and Technolosy has TANVA RoRERTS. U.S. Deparnnent of Agriculture, - the public from diseases such estimated [hat foodbome dis- cs salmonellosis. hemorrhag- Econronic Research Service: WALTER (IRBAIN. Su° eases caused by pathogenic is diarrhea caused by Esther- Cin•, Ari;,ona bacteria such as Cmnp~ Gr ichia coli 0157:H7, and gas- buc•ter, Escheric6ia cn(i troenteritis from Vibrio vulniftcus. Irradiation can extend O 157:H7. Listeria nvmacytogenes. Snlnvrnelln- and Sta- the shelf lives of fruits and vegetables, and atthropod ph~~lococcus mtreus may Cause as many as 9.000 deaths pests, e.g.. insects and mites, can be sterilized or killed each year and 6.5 to 33 million cases of diarrhea! dis- in amore environmentally friendly manner than is pas- ease in the United Stales- The annual economic losses Bible with ozone depleting, highly toxic fumigants. associated with foodbome disease may be as !arse as 55 Moreover, long-tetm animal feeding studies have dem- billion to 56 billion. Recent outbreaks of disease caused onstrated that radiation pasteurized or sterilized foods by the ingestion of E. tali OI57:H7 in hambureer. par- aresafe and nutritious for humans. The process has been, titularly in the notthwestern United States where there endorsed by by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration were more than 700 cases and four deaths from a sinsle (FDA), the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), the outbreak. have alarmed the public. Unfottunately, this U.S. Army, [he World Health Organization (WHO), the organism may cause 8,000 to ?0,000 cases of disease Codex Alimentarius Commission, the American Medi- annually in the United States. Gc)tnoe ~0. 2 ~ Z.. IniP nD,,FND GI R,^f 'iU:Qf65Bnt6r~~ MAY 0 7 1997