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trees for food and shelter. In traveling over the land, they established trails and used caves for shelter. In these activities, the ancient Hawaiians developed a culture which placed high importance on responsibility to the land and unity. Responsibility to the land was expressed by the word kuleana. The underlying concept of kuleana was that everyone who used the land, whether a visitor, gatherer or farmer had an obligation to behave responsibly in the use of the land. Gathering activities were conducted so that the process would not destroy the resources. The concept of unity is expressed by the word ho'oku'ikahi. Ho'oku'ikahi expresses the belief that all resources of the land are interrelated and must be treated with respect by those who use it. The Hawaiians were able to live in areas such as Kekaha by recognizing that they could obtain food from the sea and could travel for miles over the extremely rugged lava to farms on the mauka slopes even where there were no apparent water sources. They did so by using lava tubes for shelter and by collecting water in some of the caves. Stewardship under the traditional Hawaiian uses related to the survival of the native tenants in a subsistence economy. For many residents today, the focus on the resources being preserved is from a cultural, historic, educational and recreational perspective. The focus of stewardship accordingly needs to change. Making habitation and water cave sites accessible to the public and reestablishing a pedestrian trail system on the land will enhance these resources for future generations and make it possible for everyone to appreciate the adaptability of the ancient Hawaiians to their environment. Preserving the lowland dry forest will allow present day residents and visitors to see the type of forest that the kahuna visRed in pre-contact times. Access to the valued natural resources involves resolving conflicting cultural values. Recognizing and honoring traditional gathering practices and preserving the traditional Hawaiian names must be reconciled with Western concepts of private property rights and exclusivity of use. In part, this can be reconciled by incorporating the preservation areas into the areas which will be accessible by the public. Palamanui will incorporate an extensive system of trails within the project. Those trails will serve a number of purposes, among them making preservation sites accessible to pedestrian access. hiluhiW4eclass~IIJCRMPEx42 tev051905£mal 4