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WATANABE: I have a question for the Director. You know, and I would tend to agree <br />with you; science changes over time and we learn new things whatever, and so you are talking <br />about holding a conference, so that we can have some type of consistency in the monitoring. <br />However, the conditions were written at earlier periods for much of these developments. And <br />I’m wondering if there are other vehicles besides these conditions that would help us to establish <br />some standards for monitoring as well as enforce them. If that can be done through like some <br />kind of law or - that we can impose upon development at a future date when we are able to agree <br />on some type of monitoring standard, so that these projects, the conditions or what we monitor <br />for can be revised at a later date when we learn more things. That’s what I’m really looking for. <br />C. YUEN: I believe that the conditions of the various SMA permits, I know you see <br />, <br />permits are broad enough to modify what kinds of monitoring is done as a result of updated <br />information. In the course of doing this follow-up work we have to look at all those conditions. <br />And if they are not, the permits themselves can be amended to require different kinds of <br />conditions. I don’t like working on the conditions of something like the environmental <br />monitoring in the context of this permit for a time extension for two golf courses. I think that we <br />certainly have reason to be cautious about development in the area. That’s the reason for the <br />conditions on the golf course that are designed to minimize potential for nutrients reaching from <br />the golf course into the anchialine ponds or near shore environment. But at any rate the short <br />answer to the question is that I think that if a result of this is a set protocol, we will be able to <br />impose it. <br />WATANABE: Okay, I appreciate that, and I -. Can I follow up? I kind of tend to agree <br />with you because we are mostly concerned about nutrients when we are talking about the golf <br />course and what not, and we have possibly conflicted testimony here. But I would venture to <br />guess that even ocean temperatures are going to affect coral growth and algae bloom, etc., which <br />is nothing to do with the golf course. And if we have a vehicle then to amend some of the <br />monitoring conditions as we move forward with these SMA requirements, then for me personally <br />I feel comfortable with it. <br />GRAHAM: Thank you. We are trying to direct questions to the testifier here at the <br />moment, if we could. Commissioner Alameda? <br />ALAMEDA: I have no further questions for the Applicant or the testifier, but I’m ready <br />to move forward to the next step. <br />GRAHAM: I do have a question for the testifier, if I may. Since the algal blooms are <br />the most obvious degradation in water – we see on Oahu and Maui and all – and presumably <br />there are monitoring requirements on those islands. Here we have concentrations given to us by <br />the periodic monitoring at different depths and locations of what the nutrients – the nitrogen <br />phosphorus – are. Do we have anything from, let’s say, Maui which says when the nutrient <br />levels were such and such, we didn’t have algae; when it passed some boundary, then we had <br />development of algae? Is there any way we can kind of use any numbers coming from other <br />place and foresee what we might be walking into here? <br />WALSH: I think that’s possible. There is recent research underway by Dr. Celia <br />Smith who is in the Botany Department of UH Manoa. And she has established, I think, sort of <br />unequivocally that there is essentially a nutrient gradient that rolls out from areas where there is <br />EXHIBIT C <br />11 <br /> <br />