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STATES WITH "FOR DEAF, BY DEAF" PROGRAMS <br />• California (multiple programs) <br />• Colorado <br />• District of Columbia <br />• Georgia <br />• Illinois (multiple programs) <br />• Iowa <br />• Indiana <br />• Massachusetts <br />• Minnesota <br />• New York (multiple programs) <br />• Ohio (multiple programs) <br />• Texas <br />• Utah <br />• Vermont <br />• Washington <br />• Wisconsin <br />The majority of these programs are stand-alone organizations with most addressing domestic <br />violence and only a few addressing both domestic and sexual violence or sexual assault alone. <br />Some programs are run out of general Deaf service organizations and, in a few instances, <br />housed in a hearing victim services organization. Regardless of their configuration, these <br />programs provide the Deaf community with critical victim services - emergency hotlines, crisis <br />intervention, individual advocacy (including medical and legal), counseling and other <br />supportive services, peer support opportunities, and community outreach and education, <br />tailored to meet their unique cultural and linguistic needs. <br />Services in these programs are designed and delivered by Deaf staff members and volunteers. <br />Deaf survivors can communicate with advocates and others directly — without an interpreter — <br />in sign language, and DeafBlind survivors can communicate in Protactile Language using <br />specially trained Deaf interpreters. Communicating directly is most effective, especially when <br />individuals have experienced trauma or are discussing sensitive and difficult topics, and <br />necessary for the healing process. <br />Support from other Deaf people to achieve safety and <br />healing is also critical within the context of domestic and <br />sexual violence. Additionally, in a "for Deaf, by Deaf" <br />program, Deaf survivors don't have to spend time educating <br />their advocate about how to use an interpreter or about <br />the unique dynamics of violence they experience, they can <br />focus on healing. <br />25 <br />