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<br />Table 1. Population, Hawaii County
<br />1930-1970
<br />Year
<br />Population
<br />Change From Previous Census
<br />1930
<br />73,325
<br />5- 9
<br />1940
<br />73,276
<br />- 49
<br />1950
<br />68,350
<br />=4,916
<br />1960
<br />61,332
<br />-7,018
<br />1970
<br />63,468
<br />+2,136
<br />SOURCE: U.S. Census Bureau
<br />The out -migration between 1940 and 1960 left a serious imbalance in
<br />the age -sex distribution of the island's population .which was first reflected in
<br />the 1960 census. Table 2 illustrates this situation. There were about 7,000 fewer
<br />people between the ages of 15 and 34 in 1960 than in 1950. The 1970 census,
<br />however, showed a gain of 1,940 residents in this age group.
<br />Because of the increasing number of residents above 54 years old, the
<br />median age of the Big Island's population increased from 27.4 years old in 1960
<br />to 29.2 years in 1970. Effects of the plantations' practice of importing male work-
<br />ers can be seen in the sex distribution of the population. In 1970 there were 108
<br />males for every 100 females. The ratio between men and women has since been
<br />balancing out.
<br />Table 3. Age -Sex Distribution
<br />Hawaii County, 1970
<br />Age Male Female Totals %
<br />Under 5
<br />Table 2. Age Distribution, Hawaii County
<br />2,666
<br />5,446
<br />1960 and 1970
<br />5- 9
<br />3,236
<br />3,063
<br />1960
<br />1970
<br />Change
<br />Under 5
<br />6,971
<br />5,446
<br />-1,525
<br />5- 9
<br />7,410
<br />6,299
<br />-1,111
<br />10-14
<br />6,998
<br />7,085
<br />87
<br />15-19
<br />5,359
<br />6,372
<br />1,013
<br />20-24
<br />2,435
<br />3,710
<br />1,275
<br />25-34
<br />7,070
<br />6,722
<br />- 348
<br />35-44
<br />8,056
<br />7,658
<br />- 398
<br />45-54
<br />7,148
<br />7,901
<br />753
<br />55-59
<br />3,089
<br />3,417
<br />328
<br />60-64
<br />2,209
<br />3,020
<br />811
<br />65-74
<br />2,942
<br />3,838
<br />896
<br />75 and over
<br />1,642
<br />2,000
<br />358
<br />TOTAL
<br />61,332
<br />63,468
<br />30,570
<br />Median Age
<br />27.4
<br />29.2
<br />SOURCE: See Table I
<br />Because of the increasing number of residents above 54 years old, the
<br />median age of the Big Island's population increased from 27.4 years old in 1960
<br />to 29.2 years in 1970. Effects of the plantations' practice of importing male work-
<br />ers can be seen in the sex distribution of the population. In 1970 there were 108
<br />males for every 100 females. The ratio between men and women has since been
<br />balancing out.
<br />Table 3. Age -Sex Distribution
<br />Hawaii County, 1970
<br />Age Male Female Totals %
<br />Under 5
<br />2,780
<br />2,666
<br />5,446
<br />8.6
<br />5- 9
<br />3,236
<br />3,063
<br />6,299
<br />9.9
<br />10-14
<br />3,701
<br />3,384
<br />7,085
<br />11.2
<br />15-19
<br />3,211
<br />3,161
<br />6,372
<br />10.0
<br />20-24
<br />1,804
<br />1,906
<br />3,710
<br />5.8
<br />25-34
<br />3,326
<br />3,396
<br />6,722
<br />10.6
<br />35-44
<br />3,675
<br />3,983
<br />7,658
<br />12.1
<br />45-54
<br />4,030
<br />3,871
<br />7,901
<br />12.4
<br />55-59
<br />1,956
<br />1,461
<br />3,417
<br />5.4
<br />60-64
<br />1,902
<br />1,118
<br />3,020
<br />4.8
<br />65-74
<br />2,208
<br />1,630
<br />3,838
<br />6.0
<br />75 and over
<br />1,069
<br />931
<br />2,000
<br />3.2
<br />TOTAL
<br />32,898
<br />30,570
<br />63,468
<br />100.0%
<br />SOURCE: See Table 1
<br />The following table shows the marital status of persons 14 years old and
<br />over:
<br />Table 4. Marital Status Of Persons 14 And Over
<br />Hawaii County, 1970
<br />Male
<br />Female
<br />No. %
<br />No.
<br />%
<br />Married
<br />14,180 59.2
<br />14,015
<br />63.1
<br />Widowed
<br />916 3.8
<br />2,191
<br />9.9
<br />Divorced or Separated
<br />813 3.4
<br />702
<br />3.2
<br />Never Married
<br />8,034 33.6
<br />5,284
<br />23.8
<br />TOTAL
<br />23,943 100.0
<br />22,192
<br />100.0
<br />SOURCE: See Table 1
<br />Over half of the Big Island residents over 20 years of age have a high school
<br />or higher education, according to recent survey.' This is a rise in educational
<br />level from a decade ago. Of today's high school graduates, more than 60% indi-
<br />cate a desire to attend college or a technical school. Out -migration of the island's
<br />youth has been declining with the expansion of the University of Hawaii and
<br />Community College.
<br />Employment in the County has increased substantially over the past ten
<br />years. The labor force in 1970 was estimated to be slightly under 30,000. Em-
<br />ployment during this year averaged 28,700 with an increase during the fall and
<br />winter coffee harvesting seasons. The unemployment rate was 3.3% which com-
<br />pares favorably with State and national averages. About 22% of the workers
<br />'Hawaii Community Profile, 1969, State Planning System.
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