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Mr. Michael Yee 3 to these species, we recommend you restrict vehicle use to existing roads and trails. If vegetation must be cut or removed from an area outside existing developed ground, a survey should be conducted on the proposed project site for Hylaeus nests and avoid disturbance to the nest site. Avoid cutting or removing plants in the Sida genus (ilima). Restore cleared areas using native vegetation where possible. Blackburn's sphinx moth The Blackburn's sphinx moth occur on the islands of Maui, Lanai, Kahoolawe, and the Island of Hawaii. The adult moth feeds on nectar from native plants including beach morning glory (Ipomoea pes-caprae), iliee (Plumbago zeylanica), maiapilo (Capparis sandwichiana). Blackburn's sphinx moth larvae feed upon non-native tree tobacco (Nicotiana glauca), which occupies disturbed areas such as open fields and roadway margins, and the native aiea (Nothocestrum spp.). We recommend that a biologist with Blackburn's sphinx moth experience survey the project area for the presence of adult and larval host plants. To pupate, Blackburn's sphinx moth larvae burrow into the soil near host plants and can remain in a state of torpor for up to a year (or more) before emerging from the soil. To minimize the potential for the project to adversely impact the Blackburn's sphinx moth, host plants should not be cut or removed and the soil within 33 feet(10 meters) of the host plants should not be disturbed. If occupied host plants are found within the project area, we recommend you contact us as soon as possible so we may assist you with additional measures to avoid impacts to this species in your project description. If the proposed project requires gravel or dirt fill to be used at the location, the Service recommends getting the fill from a source that is certified weed free or a plant survey be conducted around the area where the fill will be extracted. The survey is a measure to avoid spreading non-native tree tobacco and other invasive plant species from where the fill is removed to the proposed project area. Non-native tree tobacco and other invasive species seeds could be found in the fill and unknowingly spread to the project area thus attracting Blackburn's sphinx moth to the project site and increasing the risk of future take. Thank you for participating with us in the protection of our endangered species. If you have any further questions or concerns regarding this consultation, please contact Eldridge Naboa, Fish and Wildlife Biologist, 808-792-9451, e-mail: eldridge_naboa@fws.gov. When referring to this project, please include this reference number: 01EPIF00-2017-TA-0155. Sincerely, M chelle Bogardus Island Team Manager Maui Nui and Hawaii Island