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2) Describe any significant historic, cultural, or natural resources on the property. Please be as specific as possible and include only a summary of documentation (i.e., archaeological reports, flora/fauna surveys, etc.). Significant Cultural/Historic Resources Kohaikalani Heiau Kohaikalani Heiau is a culturally and historically important site that is located on the southern edge of Pu`u Makanau's plateau [State Inventory of Historic Places (SIHP) Site designation for Kohaikalani Heiau Site 50-10-68-03538. Stokes, J. F. G. (1991), Heiau of the Island of Hawaii: A Historic Survey of Native Hawaiian Temple Sites. Edited by T. S. Dye. Bishop Museum Bulletin in Anthropology 2. Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu]. The heiau is the subject of a well-known local story about the Ka`u high chief Kohaikalani, who was killed at the heiau through a conspiracy of the common people in which the priest joined. Testimony provided by cultural specialist and ahupua`a tenant of Punalu`u, Keolanui Hanoa, in TNC's 2006 Ka`u Preserve Environmental and Cultural Impact Assessment described the function of the heiau and its importance: "The heiau on Makanau, Koaikalani, is called a ho`omana heiau. That's where you would go to pray for healing of your people, for empowerment. There are different kinds of heiaus, for different kinds of things. And that heiau was used for ho`omana, for empowerment." Since purchasing the Hilea Property in 2004, the landowner has allowed the community to visit and care for the heiau. The heiau is fenced to keep out cattle and the grounds are maintained through an agreement between the landowner and a community member. Traditional Hawaiian banana cultivars including the Iholena Kopua, Maoli Manai Ula, and Maoli- Maoli found at Hilea represent "likely the last `wild' population left on Hawaii" (Angela Kay Kepler, pers. Comm.April 2023) and are found on the slopes of Pu`u Makanau, Pu`u Pakua, and Pu`u Iki where protection through fence construction and invasive weed control would enhance the survival of these rare varieties. Recovery and expansion of the namesake banana patch at the base of Pu`u Kaiholena is noted by National Tropical Botanical Gardens researchers as an additional benefit of fence construction and ungulate removal. Natural Resources Pu`u Pakua is known for its `Ohi`a Lowland Wet Forest. Pakua is a long hill that is situated at the back of Makanau. It has approximately 340 acres of `Ohi`a /Uluhe (Metrosideros/Dicranopteris) Fern Forest and the portion of adjacent Pu`u Iki that lies on the Hilea Property has approximately 17 acres of`Ohi`a/Uluhe (Metrosideros/Dicranopteris) Fern Forest. The area is composed of a nearly continuous blanket of uluhe (Dicranopteris linearis) with emergent and widely spaced `ohi`a trees. The forest also provides habitat for native plants like `ohe mauka Sugg.26-04