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substantial adverse environmental or ecological effect, taking into account potential cumulative <br /> effects." HRS § 205A-22 (emphases added); see also SMA Rules § 9-4(y). <br /> A"significant adverse effect" is determined by the specific circumstances of the <br /> proposed action: "In determining whether a proposal may have a significant adverse effect on the <br /> environment, the Director shall consider every phase of a proposed action and expected <br /> consequences, either primary or secondary, or the cumulative as well as the short or long-term <br /> effect of the proposal." SMA Rules § 9-10(h) (outlining "Criteria of Significant Adverse <br /> Effect"). A proposed action"in most instances"results in a significant effect where it: <br /> (1) involves an irrevocable commitment to loss or destruction of any natural <br /> or cultural resource, including but not limited to, historic sites and view <br /> planes outlined in the General Plan or other adopted plans; <br /> (2) curtails the range of beneficial uses of the environment; <br /> (3) conflicts with the long-term environmental policies or goals of the General <br /> Plan or the State Plan; <br /> (4) significanctly affects the economic or social welfare and activities of the <br /> community, County or State; <br /> (5) involves significant secondary impacts, such as population changes and <br /> effects on public facilities; <br /> (6) in itself has no significant adverse effect but cumulatively has <br /> considerable adverse effect upon the environment or involves a <br /> commitment for larger actions; <br /> (7) significantly affects a rare, threatened, or endangered species of animal or <br /> plant, or its habitat; <br /> (8) detrinemntally affects air or water quality or ambient noise levels; <br /> (9) affects an environmentally sensitive area, such as flood plain, tsunami <br /> zone, erosion-prone area, geologically hazardous land, estuary, fresh water <br /> or coastal water; or <br /> (10) is contrary to the objectives and policies of the Coastal Zone Management <br /> Program and the Special Management Area Guidelines of Chapter 205A, <br /> HRS. <br /> SMA Rules §§ 9-10(h)(1) - (10). <br /> Departing from HRS § 205A-22, the Planning Department and the Director did not <br /> consider or assess the potential cumulative effect of the Kaimu Cove project before approving <br /> the SMA Minor Permit, including impacts to: access to the beach and gathering sites; natural, <br /> 16 <br />