2026-01-05 Exhibit 06_Draft Cultural Impact Assessment and Ka Pa'akai Analysis

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86 INTRODUCTION 87 At the request of lineal descendants of the Kaipu'uelelu Cemetery in Kaimu, Gina McGuire,PhD, 88 has prepared a CIA and Ka Pa`akai Analysis for TMK: (3) 1-2-018:001 in Pu'ilima, Kaimu 89 Ahupua`a, Puna District, on Hawai`i Island. This CIA and Ka Pa`akai Analysis was designed to 90 identify any valued historical,natural, and cultural resources or practices that may occur in the area, 91 determine if the proposed project will affect the resources or practices, and offer mitigation 92 recommendations for the project. 93 The report begins with a description of the study area and a historical overview of land use and 94 archaeology in the area. The next section presents methods and results of the ethnographic survey. 95 Results of the CIA and Ka Pa`akai Analysis are summarized and recommendations are made in the 96 final sections. Hawaiian words,flora and fauna, and technical terms are defined in a glossary. Also 97 included are appendices with documents relevant to the ethnographic survey, including full 98 transcripts of the interviews. 99 Study Location,Cultural&Natural Environment 100 The study area consists of 1.48 ha(3.677 ac.) on TMK: (3) 1-2-018:001 in Kaimu Ahupua`a,Puna 101 District,on Hawai`i Island(Figures 1 and 2). This property is currently owned by Kaimu Cove LLC 102 and located within the Special Management Area. The property is on the makai side of the road 103 directly across from the Kaipu'uelelu burial ground. The parcel borders native-dominated coastal 104 shrublands on the Hawai`i State conservation lands of Keokea/Kikala to the east, a single-family 105 residential home on 0.5 ha(1.2 ac.)on the western edge, 170 feet of the Kalapana-Kapoho Road on 106 the northern edge, and about 535 feet of coast. 107 Kaimu ahupua`a is situated within the Kalapana area within the Puna District. Kaimu borders the 108 ahupua'a of Kalapana on its western or Ka`u side and Kikala/Keokea ahupua'a on the eastern or 109 Kapoho side of the study area. The study area lies towards the eastern edge of the ahupua`a,near the 110 boundary with Kikala/Keokea.The study area is on the ocean front,immediately inset from a boulder 111 beach with milo (Thespesia populnea) grove and neighboring an `a`a pali (cliff) to the east that 112 provides the ancestral fishing grounds of the families of Mokuhulu (upland from study area). 113 Kaimu's unique geologic history and the Native Hawaiian lineal descendants who have persisted in 114 the lands of their ancestors makes this area a complex cultural kipuka(refuge). 115 The Puna district of Hawai`i is situated in the southeastern corner of the island where some 116 of the greatest volcanic activity in Hawaii and the central Pacific takes place. It is the 117 youngest region in the entire Hawaiian archipelago and the center of a geologic hotspot 118 within the Ring of Fire... Its soil is rich and fertile, and its beaches are few and black. In 119 spite of its newness, Puna, meaning "spring," is home to many ancient sites.... Sites 120 destroyed by recent lava flows include... hundreds of archaeological features (not to 121 mention modern villages,homes,and roads). (James 1995:55) 122 Kaimu,and the wider Kalapana area,"is important as one of only a few Hawaiian communities that 123 survived on the land into the twentieth century.... Kalapana remained Hawaiian because it was lava 124 land, too poor for plantations. Up to 1960, the people who lived in Kalapana were almost all from 125 families that had long owned land there,many since the mid-nineteenth century"(Langlas&kupuna 126 2016). 127 The study area is situated at the convergence point of three different lava flows: a 400-750-year-old 128 pahoehoe flow(western portion), a 200-400-year-old `a`a flow on the eastern side, and the edge of 1