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Chapter 7:Hazard Analysis—Earthquakes <br /> 7.2 Significant Historic Events <br /> The USGS has compiled two catalogs of earthquakes for the Hawaiian Islands: a "modern" <br /> catalog of earthquakes registered by the seismic network maintained by the USGS HVO dat- <br /> ing from the fourth quarter of 1959, and an historical catalog of earthquakes dating back to <br /> 1823 based on instrumental amplitudes from the Honolulu Magnetic Observatory and HVO <br /> combined with published felt reports from newspaper articles and other sources as well un- <br /> published felt reports sent to HVO (Klein and Wright,USGS Published Paper 1623). <br /> The Island of Hawaii has experienced 13 damaging earthquakes of magnitude 6 or greater <br /> since 1868; several are shown in Figure 7-6. The largest of these occurred in 1868 in the <br /> Ka'u district on the southeast flank of Mauna Loa with an estimated magnitude of 7.5 to 8.0. <br /> Although the 1868 earthquake caused damage island-wide, the devastation was greatest in <br /> Ka'u where the earthquake triggered a mudflow killing 31 people and coastal subsidence <br /> generated a tsunami that destroyed several villages. Approximately 79 people were killed as <br /> a result of the earthquake of 1868 with most of the casualties resulting from the mudslide and <br /> the tsunami.29 <br /> �l 2006110115 1868mrA 1868/04/02 <br /> M6.7' M7 M7.9 <br /> f1 <br /> J <br /> 192910105 r ,95,IO6r21 - 187354126 <br /> M6.5• M8.9 M6.2' 1 <br /> 1 <br /> L <br /> 1 97511 1/29' 1983/11118 1989x06+25 <br /> - M7 2 .�Lr M6.6 M6.1 <br /> Figure 7-6. Locations of damaging earthquakes of magnitude 6 or greater for Hawaii island since 1868 <br /> (RMS,2006) <br /> 29 Heliker,C."Volcanic and Seismic Hazards on the Island of Hawaii",U.S.Geological Survey, 1990. <br /> 7-6 Hawaii County Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan <br />