2003-05-27 TBLASMAN - Laserfiche WebLink

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RECHTMAN:Yes, it did. VITOUSEK:Okay. That's all the questions I have at this point. GIFFIN:Okay. Thank you. Commissioners, any questions of Dr. Rechtman? SPRINGER:Yes. GIFFIN:Ms. Springer. SPRINGER:Thank you. I'd like to make an inquiry of you that I m Martha Yent during her testimony. With regard to archaeology, history, and culture, they seem to be used interchangeably and sometimes distinctly in Chapter 205; and previous testifiers on behalf of the Applicant indicated that you would be addressing Chapter 205 issues. So can you give us your definition of the differences between archaeology, history, and culture, please. RECHTMAN:Sure. I'll do that as perhaps as well as elaborating on why the confusion exists in there. History is essentially simply that which has happened; and in reference to the discipline of archaeology, the term tends to be used when you are talking about a period of time after the written record. Although history is a much broader term than that in the sense of archaeology when people are using the term history, they're using the term relative to the historical period, the period when there is a written record. Archaeology is simply just one way of gaining information about the past, using a particular set of methods. And those methods are examining objects and associations that were left behind by people in history to develop a concept about how life was at a previous point in time. Those methods could be applied to things during the historic period; they're not limited to pre-history. It's just a different way of gaining knowledge. An example would be there's a project that is, it's called a garbage project in the State of Arizona. Rather than going to the people's houses and interviewing them what they ate and da-da-da, because people can perhaps give different informat things sometimes, students from the University of Arizona go and collect trash out of people's trash cans. And they catalog all the trash, and they figure out what people ate, what kinds of products they were using, and developed this whole consumer report about individuals using archaeological methods as opposed to other methods. Culture, there's textbook definitions of it, the life ways of a group of people. It is not usually a definition within the discipline that is used for individual behavior but rather group behavior. And where the confusion comes in in the regulations is that there's things called cultural resources; and cultural resources, as a very broad term, can refer to both archaeological types of things, non-archaeological, more human types of things. An individual can be a cultural resource. Land forms that are non-archaeological can be 22