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266 Hale`ili... `pebble beach' located to the east of Kaimu Beach. (Langlas & kupuna
<br /> 267 2016:223).Lit.Pebble house,place(Pukui&Elbert 1986).
<br /> 268 Kalaehiamoe... A point near the Pu'ilima study area. (Langlas & kupuna 2016:222). Lit.
<br /> 269 Ka:the,lae:point,promonotoy,hiamoe: sleeping(Pukui&Elbert 1986).
<br /> 270 Kiula... `ili `aina, located in Kaimu-Makena Homesteads, above 1,000 ft. Elevation
<br /> 271 (Ulukau Inoa`Aina Hawaii)
<br /> 272 Knmaka'ula Heiau... heiau(spiritual site)located in KaimU, Hawaii(Ulukau Inoa `Aina
<br /> 273 Hawaii and Langlas&kupuna 2016:222). This heiau was"nearly taken by the lava flow
<br /> 274 that destroyed Kalapana village" (James 1995:55). Lit. Ka: to stand, to appear, name of
<br /> 275 kane Hawaiian deity, maka`ula: red eyes or makaula: same as kaula(prophet). (Pukui&
<br /> 276 Elbert 1986).
<br /> 277 Mawae... pond located between Hale'ili and Kalaehiamoe in KaimU (Langlas & kupuna
<br /> 278 2016:222).Lit. cleft,fissure,crevice,crack as in rocks(Pukui&Elbert 1986).
<br /> 279 Mokuhulu...Area upland linked to coastal study area,homestead area of Hawaiian families
<br /> 280 with kuleana to study area fishing grounds.Lit.moku:island,section,forest,hulu:feather,
<br /> 281 esteemed,precious(Pukui&Elbert 1986).
<br /> 282 Pu'ilima... Name of study area as used by interviewees and Hawaiian families. Lit.,pu`i:
<br /> 283 plump, stocky,lima: arm or five,fifth(Pukui&Elbert 1986).
<br /> 284 Upper Kaimu Homesteads... homestead located in Kaimu, elevation 1,000-1,4000 feet
<br /> 285 (Ulukau Inoa`Aina Hawai`i).
<br /> 286 Waipalaama... name of a pond located centrally within the historic Kaimu Beach(Langlas
<br /> 287 &kupuna 2016).Lit.wai:water,palama: sacred enclosure(Pukui&Elbert 1986).
<br /> 288 Traditional Land Use
<br /> 289 Most of our understanding of subsistence lifestyles within Kaimu come from the collected oral
<br /> 290 histories of Hawaiian families from recollections of the 1920s and 1930s from historian, Charles
<br /> 291 Langlas and kupuna(2016).Main dietary staples included taro and`ulu poi that was grown on upland
<br /> 292 plots and coastal lands. `Uala, grown on the coast, were also important, secondary to poi. Fish,
<br /> 293 marine invertebrates such as `opihi, and limu were paired with these staples. Langlas summarizes
<br /> 294 the subsistence and land use patterns of Kaimu as related to these crops.
<br /> 295 `Uala
<br /> 296 Sweet potatoes were grown on the coast,because they like a dry climate,while taro had to
<br /> 297 be forwn up in the hills where it was wetter... Most families lived cloase to the coast and
<br /> 298 grew sweet potatoes in their house lots if there was enough soil there... There is not much
<br /> 299 soil on the coast of southern Puna,but when you look carefully at the pahoehoe (smooth)
<br /> 300 lava flows,you find pockets of soil in the depressions. The sweet potatoes were grown in
<br /> 301 these soil-filled depressions,not in the `a`a(jumbled rock)lava flows...Trees were planted
<br /> 302 only if the land was covered by an`a`a flow and not good for farming. Coconut palms were
<br /> 303 therefore not very plentiful at the coast(Langlas&kupuna 2016:33).
<br /> 304 Kalo
<br /> 305 [E]veiy family had a taro patch up in the hills. Except for those who lived inland at
<br /> 306 Mokuhulu,the taro patch was some distance from their main house on the coast,often three
<br /> 307 miles or more... Taro planting was relatively simple. Small trees were cut down or barked
<br /> 308 so that they would die and drop their leaves... Several varieties of taro were grown in the
<br /> 309 Kalapana area, including `e`ele (or `ele`ele), lehua, ka`oho, lauloa, and mana. Of these,
<br /> 310 `e`ele was said to be the most common,because it grew best in the dry conditions. Lehua
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