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17. Surrounding Zoning and Land Uses: The property is bordered by the Queen <br />Kaahumanu Highway on the west and Makalei Estates (zoned A -3a) to the east. Vacant <br />lands to the north are owned by the State and zoned A -5a. State lands to the south zoned <br />A -5a are proposed for the development of the University of Hawaii Center of West <br />Hawaii. The airport access road is located south and slightly less than one mile from the <br />property. <br />18. Elevation: The property rises in elevation from approximately 150 feet at its lower <br />elevation to 900 feet at its highest point. <br />19. U.S.D.A. Soil Type: Punaluu extremely rocky peat (rPYD), Kaimu extremely stony peat <br />(rKED) and Pahoehoe (rLW) and A'a (rLV) lava flows. The Punaluu series consists of <br />well -drained thin organic soils over pahoehoe bedrock. The peat is rapidly permeable, <br />the underlying lava is slowly permeable, runoff is slow and the erosion hazard is slight. <br />Soils of this type are generally used for pasture. The Kaimu series consists of well - <br />drained, thin organic soils over A'a lava. Permeability is rapid, runoff is slow, and the <br />erosion hazard is slight. The Kaimu soil is not suitable for cultivation. The middle <br />portion of the property consists of the Punaluu series with pockets of Na lava flows. The <br />lower area proximate to the Queen Kaahumanu Highway consists of Pahoehoe and A'a <br />lava flows. <br />20. Land Study Bureau's Productivity Rating: "E" or "Very Poor". <br />21. ALISH: Unclassified. <br />22, Flora: A Biological Reconnaissance was conducted by Patrick Hart, Ph.D and completed <br />in October, 2003. Twenty-seven (27) native and thirty-five (35) introduced plant species <br />were detected. Three (3) federally listed endangered species ('aiea, halapepe and uhiuhi) <br />and two (2) species of concern (maiapilo and a'ali'i) were identified. Recommended <br />mitigation measures include the following: <br />Preserve the entire Lowland Dry Forest fragment and develop a sound <br />management plan for the forest. <br />Tree cutting or grubbing should be carried out from September through May to <br />avoid the potential take of Hoary Bats during their breeding season. <br />0 <br />